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Line 1: − + − + − * 1966-1990: The election of the Politburo by the Central Committee became purely nominal procedure. In fact, the Politburo itself decided who would be elected and who would be expelled.<ref>[http://www.archontology.org/nations/ussr/cpsu/politburo_hist.php]</ref> − −
Ed: you do it like this :
{{merge|Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}
{{merge|Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}
The '''Politburo''' (<u>polit</u>ical <u>bur</u>eau) is the highest ruling body in the [[USSR]].<ref>[http://www.encyclopediaproject.net/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev#Early_life_and_political_career]</ref>
The '''Politburo''' (<u>polit</u>ical <u>bur</u>eau) is the highest ruling body in the [[USSR]].<ref>[http://www.encyclopediaproject.net/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev#Early_life_and_political_career]</ref>
It began in 1917 with [[Lenin]], [[Stalin]] and five other men.<ref>[http://www.archontology.org/nations/ussr/cpsu/politburo_hist.php]</ref>
It began in 1917 with [[Lenin]], [[Stalin]] and five other men.<ref name="archontology">[http://www.archontology.org/nations/ussr/cpsu/politburo_hist.php]</ref>
* The Politburo was supposed to be subordinate to the Central Committee, and its members were to be elected by Central Committee plenums.<ref>[http://www.archontology.org/nations/ussr/cpsu/politburo_hist.php]</ref>
* The Politburo was supposed to be subordinate to the Central Committee, and its members were to be elected by Central Committee plenums.<ref name="archontology" /> In Soviet politics, there were three competing centers of power: the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), the Committee for State Security or KGB, and the Soviet Military. The people of the Soviet Union were excluded from participation in the political process and without political rights.
In Soviet politics, there were three competing centers of power: the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), the Committee for State Security or KGB, and the Soviet Military. The people of the Soviet Union were excluded from participation in the political process and without political rights.
The CPSU dominated political control, yet could not govern alone. The KGB, described as "the sword and shield of the Party" controlled the apparatus of the state security police and its Corrective Labor Camps, or Gulags, for dissenters and other persons who may have had some difficulty cooperating with the Soviet regime. The Soviet Military, a large force in numbers though not ideologically driven as Party members were, represented the only real threat to Communist domination and control of the Soviet system. Thus KGB also functioned as a counterbalance to keep the the Soviet Military in check. And the mass of Soviet people were excluded from any meaningful role in political affairs.
The CPSU dominated political control, yet could not govern alone. The KGB, described as "the sword and shield of the Party" controlled the apparatus of the state security police and its Corrective Labor Camps, or Gulags, for dissenters and other persons who may have had some difficulty cooperating with the Soviet regime. The Soviet Military, a large force in numbers though not ideologically driven as Party members were, represented the only real threat to Communist domination and control of the Soviet system. Thus KGB also functioned as a counterbalance to keep the the Soviet Military in check. And the mass of Soviet people were excluded from any meaningful role in political affairs.