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→Early Republic
'''Tomás Estrada Palma''' Cuba's first elected president took office in 1902. Tomas Estrada Palma was reelected in 1906, but this time against violent opposition by the Liberals. US troops were not needed put down the Liberal revolt, since the military leaders of the successful revolt [http://www.spanamwar.com/delcastillo.htm], negotiated nominally with [[William H. Taft]] and Robert Bacon [http://www.m-g.com/156princestreet/history.htm] but in reality with US General [[Frederick Funston]] who had also been a Mambi, took their “borrowed” horses and went home. Soon Estrada Palma resigned, against the wishes of Roosevelt, and another American government was established in Cuba under [[Charles Magoon]] [http://library.thinkquest.org/18355/charles_magoon.html],
'''Tomás Estrada Palma''' Cuba's first elected president took office in 1902. Tomas Estrada Palma was reelected in 1906, but this time against violent opposition by the Liberals. US troops were not needed put down the Liberal revolt, since the military leaders of the successful revolt [http://www.spanamwar.com/delcastillo.htm], negotiated nominally with [[William H. Taft]] and Robert Bacon [http://www.m-g.com/156princestreet/history.htm] but in reality with US General [[Frederick Funston]] who had also been a Mambi, took their “borrowed” horses and went home. Soon Estrada Palma resigned, against the wishes of Roosevelt, and another American government was established in Cuba under [[Charles Magoon]] [http://library.thinkquest.org/18355/charles_magoon.html],
In 1908, U.S. intervention ended when [[José Miguel Gómez]] was elected President, but the U.S. retained its Platt Amendment right to intervene in Cuban affairs.
1912 Race War
In 1912 Partido Independiente de Color attempted to establish a separate black republic in Oriente Province.[31] Perhaps because the group lacked sufficient weaponry the main tactic was to set businesses and private residences on fire.[32] The movement was a failure and General Monteagudo suppressed the rebels with considerable bloodshed. Historians differ on the interpretation of this circumstance. Some view it as suppression of Black rights, others as an attempt at racial cleansing and secession on part of the Black activists.[33] The level of blood shed according to some contemporary accounts was far less than some present academics sustain.<ref></ref>