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In 1956, a party of rebels led by [[Fidel Castro]], landed in a yacht from [[Mexico]] and tried to start an armed resistance movement. In Mexico, the army was strengthened by the cooperation of [[Ernesto Che Guevara]], who later became one of the most important people in the Cuban revolution. Throughout 1957 and 1958, opposition to Batista grew. However, during this process overt communists in the 26-July movement (such [[Ernesto Guevara]], [[Raul Castro]] and [[Vilma Espin]]), employed a process of infiltration, false accusations, betrayals and executions that eliminated many non-communist insurgents.<ref>Alvarez, Jose 2008 Principio y Fin del Mito Fidelista. Trafford Publishing, Victoria, BC Canada ISBN-10 1425154042 ISBN-13: 978-1425154042 http://www.amazon.com/Principio-fin-del-mito-fidelista/dp/1425154042 This is the most up to date description of the crucial role that the non-communist militia of Frank Pais played in the "War Against Batista." Without Frank Pais there would not have been a "Fidel Castro." This book describes in detail and with dispassionate analysis how Frank Pais supported the Castro effort and how he was betrayed, and killed. It is a sad and only too real description of the hijacking of the resistance against Batista by communist activists including Castro himself</ref> In response to Batista's plea to purchase better arms from the U.S. in order to root out the insurgents in the mountains, the United States government imposed an arms embargo on the Cuban government on March 14, 1958. Later in 1958, the rebels achieve significant victories, and Batista fled the country. Castro’s rebel forces entered the capital on January 8, 1959. As soon as the rebel troops loyal to Castro reached Havana the masked purges of non-communist rebels were again implemented,<ref>e.g. Matos, Huber, 2002. Como llego la Noche. Tusquet Editores, SA, Barcelona. ISBN 8483109441 </ref> and following that rural armed resistance to Castro, sometimes called [[War Against the Bandits]] became apparent.<ref>Encinosa, Enrique G. l989 La Guerra Olvidada Un Libro Historico De Los Combatientes Anticastristas En Cuba (1960-1966). Editorial SIBI, Miami</ref>Shortly after Dr. Manuel Leo Urrutia assumed power, to be followed by the February election of Castro to Prime Minister. Later in April, seeking to end the embargo as the new government had taken over, Castro, then despite his radical background and Spanish loyalist roots, played the role of a staunch United States supporter, flew to the United States to meet with President Eisenhower, however rather than meet with Castro, Eisenhower decided to play in a golf match.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.princeton.edu/plas/publications/Essays/castro.html|title=Dr. Castro's Princeton Visit, April 20-21, 1959|author=Thomas E. Bogenschild|accessdate=2007-08-14|format=HTML|language=English|work=Princeton|date=1998}}</ref> He did meet with then vice president [[Richard Nixon]] who reported that Castro probably was naive or a \a communist.<ref>Horowitz, Irving Louis, and Jaime Suchlicki (Editors) 2003 Cuban Communism 1958-2001 Transaction Publishers, Edison NJ  ISBN-10 0765805200

In 1956, a party of rebels led by [[Fidel Castro]], landed in a yacht from [[Mexico]] and tried to start an armed resistance movement. In Mexico, the army was strengthened by the cooperation of [[Ernesto Che Guevara]], who later became one of the most important people in the Cuban revolution. Throughout 1957 and 1958, opposition to Batista grew. However, during this process overt communists in the 26-July movement (such [[Ernesto Guevara]], [[Raul Castro]] and [[Vilma Espin]]), employed a process of infiltration, false accusations, betrayals and executions that eliminated many non-communist insurgents.<ref>Alvarez, Jose 2008 Principio y Fin del Mito Fidelista. Trafford Publishing, Victoria, BC Canada ISBN-10 1425154042 ISBN-13: 978-1425154042 http://www.amazon.com/Principio-fin-del-mito-fidelista/dp/1425154042 This is the most up to date description of the crucial role that the non-communist militia of Frank Pais played in the "War Against Batista." Without Frank Pais there would not have been a "Fidel Castro." This book describes in detail and with dispassionate analysis how Frank Pais supported the Castro effort and how he was betrayed, and killed. It is a sad and only too real description of the hijacking of the resistance against Batista by communist activists including Castro himself</ref> In response to Batista's plea to purchase better arms from the U.S. in order to root out the insurgents in the mountains, the United States government imposed an arms embargo on the Cuban government on March 14, 1958. Later in 1958, the rebels achieve significant victories, and Batista fled the country. Castro’s rebel forces entered the capital on January 8, 1959. As soon as the rebel troops loyal to Castro reached Havana the masked purges of non-communist rebels were again implemented,<ref>e.g. Matos, Huber, 2002. Como llego la Noche. Tusquet Editores, SA, Barcelona. ISBN 8483109441 </ref> and following that rural armed resistance to Castro, sometimes called [[War Against the Bandits]] became apparent.<ref>Encinosa, Enrique G. l989 La Guerra Olvidada Un Libro Historico De Los Combatientes Anticastristas En Cuba (1960-1966). Editorial SIBI, Miami</ref>Shortly after Dr. Manuel Leo Urrutia assumed power, to be followed by the February election of Castro to Prime Minister. Later in April, seeking to end the embargo as the new government had taken over, Castro, then despite his radical background and Spanish loyalist roots, played the role of a staunch United States supporter, flew to the United States to meet with President Eisenhower, however rather than meet with Castro, Eisenhower decided to play in a golf match.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.princeton.edu/plas/publications/Essays/castro.html|title=Dr. Castro's Princeton Visit, April 20-21, 1959|author=Thomas E. Bogenschild|accessdate=2007-08-14|format=HTML|language=English|work=Princeton|date=1998}}</ref> He did meet with then vice president [[Richard Nixon]] who reported that Castro probably was naive or a \a communist.<ref>Horowitz, Irving Louis, and Jaime Suchlicki (Editors) 2003 Cuban Communism 1958-2001 Transaction Publishers, Edison NJ  ISBN-10 0765805200

ISBN-13: 978-0765805201 p. 88 “In it I stated flatly that I was convinced Castro was "either incredibly naive about Communism or under Communist discipline" and that we would have to ...”

ISBN-13: 978-0765805201 p. 88 “In it I stated flatly that I was convinced Castro was "either incredibly naive about Communism or under Communist discipline" and that we would have to ...”

</ref>  The action marked the beginning of deteriorating relations between the two countries. In 1960, Castro officially declared Cuba communist.

</ref>  The action marked the beginning of deteriorating relations between the two countries. In 1960, Castro officially declared Cuba communist. They argued that the missiles were fair ground due to the United States having placed missiles in Turkey in a previous year. The high-pressure controversy that resulted quickly subsided when both sides withdrew.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/nsa/cuba_mis_cri/moment.htm|work=The National Security Archive - George Washington University|title=Anatomy of a Controversey|author=Jim Hershberg|date=Spring 1995|language=English|format=HTML|accessdate=2007-08-14}}</ref>

during the administration of President [[John F. Kennedy]]. They argued that the missiles were fair ground due to the United States having placed missiles in Turkey in a previous year. The high-pressure controversy that resulted quickly subsided when both sides withdrew.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/nsa/cuba_mis_cri/moment.htm|work=The National Security Archive - George Washington University|title=Anatomy of a Controversey|author=Jim Hershberg|date=Spring 1995|language=English|format=HTML|accessdate=2007-08-14}}</ref>

The [[USSR]] provided $11 million in aid per day to Cuba, which, in turn, served as a Soviet [[client state]] to advance revolution in [[Nicaragua]] and [[El Salvador]]. [http://www.causainternational.org/advancecom2.html#chap1a]

The [[USSR]] provided $11 million in aid per day to Cuba, which, in turn, served as a Soviet [[client state]] to advance revolution in [[Nicaragua]] and [[El Salvador]]. [http://www.causainternational.org/advancecom2.html#chap1a]