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Critics criticizing Cleveland criticize him for signing the Interstate Commerce Act this term, the first critical attempt at Federal regulation.

Critics criticizing Cleveland criticize him for signing the Interstate Commerce Act this term, the first critical attempt at Federal regulation.

===Against Tarrifs===

===Lowering the tariff===

In 1887 Cleveland began to battle the tariff. Unlike today [[Republicans]] claimed a high tariff made for high wages, high profits, and fast economic expansion. Cleveland was not able to kill the tariff, and was defeated in 1888 because of it.  

In 1887 Cleveland began to battle the tariff, as a bad combination of corruption, inefficiency, and unnecessary taxation. [[Republicans]] claimed a high tariff made for high wages, high profits, and fast economic expansion. Cleveland was not able to kill the tariff, and was defeated in 1888 because of it. The lower Mills Bill of 1888 failed to pass and the high tariff remained. In 1890 the Republicans raised rates again in the [[McKinley Tariff]], which proved politically disasterous for the GOP.

===Military Buildup===

===Navy Buildup===

A very conservative man, Cleveland did not think the United States should invade another country for any reason. However, Cleveland also was in favor of having a strong national defense, and built up the U.S. navy to a huge extent. [[Teddy Roosevelt]] was his secretary of the Navy.

Cleveland did not think the United States should invade another country for any reason. However, Cleveland also was in favor of having a strong national defense, and built up the U.S. Navy.  

==1888 campaign==

==1888 campaign==

Cleveland lost the [[United States presidential election, 1888|1888 Presidential Election]] to Republican [[Benjamin Harrison|Benjamin Harrison]], one of the few times the Republican was less conservative than the Democrat. Harrison won the Electoral College by a 204-197 margin, but Cleveland won the popular vote. This was the last campaign prior to the [[United States presidential election, 2000|2000 Bush and Gore presidential election]] that the winner did not receive the popular vote.

Cleveland lost the [[United States presidential election, 1888|1888 Presidential Election]] to Republican [[Benjamin Harrison|Benjamin Harrison]]. There were no majorissues, as both parties rallied their armies of voters and the GOP did a slightly better job. Harrison won the Electoral College by a 204-197 margin, but Cleveland won the popular vote. Out of office, moved to New York City, joining the prestigious Bangs, Stetson, Tracy and MacVeagh law firm; he enjoyed a busy practice, chiefly as a referee appointed by the courts.  

==2nd Presidency==

==1892 campaign==

Cleveland campaigned to reduce the tariff and stopping the silver people which had lessened the gold reserves of the U.S. Treasury. Cleveland became the only person ever elected president twice when he was elected again in the [[United States presidential election, 1892|1892 Eresidential Election]].

The Democrats won a landslide in the Congressional elections of 1890, attacking the McKinley Tariff, and the efforts of the GOP in Wisconsin and Illinois to shut down many religious schools. Cleveland easily defeated Harrison in 1892, and the Democrats controlled both houses of Congress.  

===As President===

===Second term ===

1884 was the year of the famous Pullman strike in Chicago, where workers tried to stop delivering the mail. He sent the army to Chicago to battle the unionizers, saying that "If it takes the entire army and navy of the United States to deliver a postcard in Chicago that card will be delivered."

1894 was the year of the famous Pullman strike in Chicago, where workers tried to stop delivering the mail. He sent the army to Chicago to battle the unionizers, saying that "If it takes the entire army and navy of the United States to deliver a postcard in Chicago that card will be delivered."

==Second Tarriff War==

==Second Tariff War==

Again he tried to kill the tariff in 1893. The "Wilson-Gorman Tariff Act" was very good at first, but when it went through the Senate it became very bad and filled with loopholes. However, the bill eventually was passed and the tarrif was partially killed, but not enough so that Cleveland refused to sign the bill.  

Again he tried to lower the tariff in 1893. The House did vote much lower rates, but protectionist Democrats in the Senate raised them again, and added an income tax, leaving Cleveland's main campaign issue in shambles. He allowed the "Wilson-Gorman Tariff Act" to become law without his signature in 1894.  

 

Liberals took over the Democrats in 1896 and with the help of Populist firebrand William Jennings Bryan tried to end the use of gold and protectionism. Jennings lost the Presidency in 1896 and 1900, but in 1904 conservatives and Cleveland came back, and nominated successful candidate (although he did not win because of the strong candidacy of Theodore Roosevelt) Alton Parker.

 

Cleveland was good at pushing around the English without evoking war, and did a lot of stuff with the power of his Navy, which he continued to build. This Navy was so strong it helped to bring about a quick American victory in the [[Spanish-American war]] in 1898 when Cleveland was out of office.

At first Cleveland did not support the revolutionaries in Hawaii who in 1894 overthrew the queen and established a Democracy. In fact, he tried to discredit their actions via the controversial Blount Report issued by [[James Henderson Blount]] under his direction. Later, however, he supported the revolutionaries when the Queen demanded the death of every single one.

At first Cleveland did not support the revolutionaries in Hawaii who in 1894 overthrew the queen and established a Democracy. In fact, he tried to discredit their actions via the controversial Blount Report issued by [[James Henderson Blount]] under his direction. Later, however, he supported the revolutionaries when the Queen demanded the death of every single one.