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Hebron 1929, FP article, Arab immigration, Historical Accounts, quotes
==List of Conflicts==
==List of Conflicts==
*[[1929 Hebron massacre]]
*[[1948 Arab-Israeli War]]
*[[1948 Arab-Israeli War]]
*[[Suez Crisis]]
*[[Suez Crisis]]
by Alan M. Dershowitz
by Alan M. Dershowitz
==Basics==
==Basic Facts==
[http://www.us-israel.org/jsource/myths/mftoc.html Myths & Facts: A Guide to the Arab-Israeli Conflict]
[http://www.us-israel.org/jsource/myths/mftoc.html Myths & Facts: A Guide to the Arab-Israeli Conflict]
[http://www.science.co.il/Arab-Israeli-conflict.asp Arab-Israeli conflict - Basic facts]
[http://www.science.co.il/Arab-Israeli-conflict.asp Arab-Israeli conflict - Basic facts]
[http://www.meforum.org/article/522 The Smoking Gun: Arab Immigration into Palestine, 1922-1931]
[http://palestinefacts.org History, maps & facts]
[http://palestinefacts.org History, maps & facts]
[http://www.infoisrael.net/cgi-local/xmlpath.pl?id=3 IHC Historical Facts]
[http://www.infoisrael.net/cgi-local/xmlpath.pl?id=3 IHC Historical Facts]
==Historical Accounts prior to conflict==
The vast majority of travelogues and historical accounts of the Middle east describe this area as barren- that does not mean UN -populated- it does mean UNDER populated.
Alexander Keith, recalling Volney's 1785 description (quoted above) fifty years later, commented: "In his day [Volney's] the land had not fully reached its last degree of desolation and depopulation." (The Land of Israel).
Other travelers and pilgrims recorded similar reports of the dreary state of the Land around the middle of the nineteenth century. Here are just a few examples:
Alphonse de Lamartine, in 1835: "...a complete eternal silence reigns in the town, on the highways, in the country ... the tomb of a whole people" (Recollections of the East, Vol. I, p. 308).
A contemporary German encyclopedia (Brockhaus, "Allegmeine deutsche Real- Encyklopaidie", Vol. VIII, p. 206, Leipzig, 1827) calls Palestine "desolate and roamed through by Arab robber-bands."
In 1849, the American W. F. Lynch described the desertion of Palestinian villages "caused by the frequent forays of the wandering Bedouin" (Narrative of the United States Expedition to the River Jordan and the Dead Sea, p. 489).
And again H. B. Tristram, in 1865: "... both in the north and south (of the Sharon plain), land is going out of cultivvation, and whole villages ar rapidly disappearing from the face of the earth. Since the year 1838, no less than 20 villages have been thus erased from the map (by the Bedouin) and the stationary population extirpated" (p. 490).
Mark Twain, 'Innocents Abroad' 1867:
""Desolate country whose soil is rich enough but is given over wholly to weeds - a silent mournful expanse ... We reached Tabor safely ...
We never saw a human being on the whole route" (p. 451, 480);
"There is not a solitary village throughout its (the Jezreel Valley's) whole extent - not for thirty miles in either direction.
There are two or three small clusters of Bedouin tents but not a single permanent habitation.
One may ride ten miles, hereabouts, and not see ten human beings" (p. 448);
"Of all the lands there are for dismal scenery, I think Palestine must be the prince. The hills are barren ... the valleys are unsightly deserts... It is a hopeless, dreary, heartbroken land... Palestine is desolate and unlovely... Palestine is no more of this workday world. It is sacred to poetry and tradition - it is dreamland" (pp. 564, 567).
Referring to the same era, the Christian historian James Parkes writes in Whose Land?: "Peasant and Bedouin alike have contributed to the ruin of the countryside on which both depend for a livelihood... In spite of the immense fertility of the soil, it is probable that in the first half of the nineteenth century the population sank to the lowest level it had ever known in historic times."
In 1738, the land was described by the English archeologist Thomas Shaw as "lacking in people to till its fertile soil" (Travels and Observations Relating to Several Parts of Barbary and the Levant). The French historian Conte Constantine Francois Volney writes:
"The peasants are incessantly making inroads on each other's lands, destroying their corn, durra, sesame and olive-trees, and carrying off their sheep, goats and camels. The Turks, who are everywhere negligent in repressing similar disorders, are attentive to them here, since their authority is very precarious. The Bedouin, whose camps occupy the level country, are continually at open hostility
Alexander Keith, recalling Volney's 1785 description (quoted above) fifty years later, commented: "In his day [Volney's] tthe land had not fully reache its last degree of desolation and depopulation." (The Land of Israel).
Other travelers and pilgrims recorded similar reports of the dreary state of the Land around the middle of the nineteenth century. Here are just a few examples:
Alphonse de Lamartine, in 1835: "...a complete eternal silence reigns in the town, on the highways, in the country ... the tomb of a whole people" (Recollections of the East, Vol. I, p. 308).
A contemporary German encyclopedia (Brockhaus, "Allegmeine deutsche Real- Encyklopaidie", Vol. VIII, p. 206, Leipzig, 1827) calls Palestine "desolate and roamed through by Arab robber-bands."
In 1849, the American W. F. Lynch described the desertion of Palestinian villages "caused by the frequent forays of the wandering Bedouin" (Narrative of the United States Expedition to the River Jordan and the Dead Sea, p. 489).
And again H. B. Tristram, in 1865: "... both in the north and south (of the Sharon plain), land is going out of cultivvation, and whole villages ar rapidly disappearing from the face of the earth. Since the year 1838, no less than 20 villages have been thus erased from the map (by the Bedouin) and the stationary population extirpated" (p. 490).
Mark Twain, 'Innocents Abroad' 1867:
""Desolate country whose soil is rich enough but is given over wholly to weeds - a silent mournful expanse ... We reached Tabor safely ...
We never saw a human being on the whole route" (p. 451, 480);
"There is not a solitary village throughout its (the Jezreel Valley's) whole extent - not for thirty miles in either direction.
There are two or three small clusters of Bedouin tents but not a single permanent habitation.
One may ride ten miles, hereabouts, and not see ten human beings" (p. 448);
"Of all the lands there are for dismal scenery, I think Palestine must be the prince. The hills are barren ... the valleys are unsightly deserts... It is a hopeless, dreary, heartbroken land... Palestine is desolate and unlovely... Palestine is no more of this workday world. It is sacred to poetry and tradition - it is dreamland" (pp. 564, 567).
==Further sites==
==Further sites==
[http://www.eretzyisroel.org/~jkatz/farhud.html 1941 The Farhud, the Mufti inspired Krystallnacht in Iraq]
[http://www.eretzyisroel.org/~jkatz/farhud.html 1941 The Farhud, the Mufti inspired Krystallnacht in Iraq]
<i>In 1948, nearly 900,000 Jews - indigenous to the Middle East and North Africa - lived in what are now known as the "Arab States." ~ Today, 99% of these indigenous Jewish communities no longer exist. ~ Arab governments forced us to leave, confiscated our personal and communal property and stripped us of our citizenships.</i>
<i>In 1948, nearly 900,000 Jews - indigenous to the Middle East and North Africa - lived in what are now known as the "Arab States." ~ Today, 99% of these indigenous Jewish communities no longer exist. ~ Arab governments forced us to leave, confiscated our personal and communal property and stripped us of our citizenships.</i><br>
[http://jimena.org Jews Indigenous to the Middle East and North Africa]
[http://jimena.org Jews Indigenous to the Middle East and North Africa]
[http://www.memri.org MEMRI: Middle East Media Research Institute]
[http://www.memri.org MEMRI: Middle East Media Research Institute (translating Arab media)]
==Basic articles==
==Basic articles==
[http://gamla.org.il/english/index.htm Gamla]
[http://gamla.org.il/english/index.htm Gamla]
[http://www.frontpagemag.com/Articles/ReadArticle.asp?ID=7268 Two causes of the Arab-Israeli conflict. The first is Arab racism, rejects any presence that isn't Arab in its neighborhood; the second is Islamic intolerance which leads to same rejection]
[http://www.tampabayprimer.org/index.cfm?action=articles&drill=viewArt&art=1255 How Strong Is the Arab Claim to Palestine?]
[http://www.tampabayprimer.org/index.cfm?action=articles&drill=viewArt&art=1255 How Strong Is the Arab Claim to Palestine?]
[http://haveitclearly.blogspot.com/2006/04/120-years-to-first-of-arabs-attack-on.html March 2006 - 120 Years to first of Arabs' attack on Jews in "palestine" Israel, Petach Tikva 1886]
[http://haveitclearly.blogspot.com/2006/04/120-years-to-first-of-arabs-attack-on.html March 2006 - 120 Years to first of Arabs' attack on Jews in "palestine" Israel, Petach Tikva 1886]
<i>As grand mufti, al Husseini presided as the Imam of the Al Aqsa mosque in ... 1929. Hebron Massacre, Amin Al-Husseini organizes more riots in Palestine </i>
<i>As grand mufti, al Husseini presided as the Imam of the Al Aqsa mosque in ... 1929. Hebron Massacre, Amin Al-Husseini organizes more riots in Palestine </i><br>
[http://www.militantislammonitor.org/article/id/2543 From Al Husseini to Hitler Radical Islam and the Nazi connection]
[http://www.militantislammonitor.org/article/id/2543 From Al Husseini to Hitler Radical Islam and the Nazi connection]