Changes

The first modern use of the word was by CIA operative Edgar Hunter. He used it to describe "[[re-education]]" practices used on prisoners of war by the Communist Chinese during the [[Korean War]]<ref name=Hunter>Hunter E, "'Brain-Washing' Tactics Force Chinese into Ranks of Communist Party," ''Miami News'', September 24, 1950. Cited by John Marks, "The Search for the Manchurian Candidate", ch. 8 ("Brainwashing"), in ''The Psychedelic Library''. <http://www.druglibrary.org/schaffer/lsd/marks8.htm></ref>.

The first modern use of the word was by CIA operative Edgar Hunter. He used it to describe "[[re-education]]" practices used on prisoners of war by the Communist Chinese during the [[Korean War]]<ref name=Hunter>Hunter E, "'Brain-Washing' Tactics Force Chinese into Ranks of Communist Party," ''Miami News'', September 24, 1950. Cited by John Marks, "The Search for the Manchurian Candidate", ch. 8 ("Brainwashing"), in ''The Psychedelic Library''. <http://www.druglibrary.org/schaffer/lsd/marks8.htm></ref>.

The term later appeared in the context of [[religious conversion]] to the [[Unification Church]], and the controversial services of [[Ted Patrick]], who called himself a "[[Deprogramming|deprogrammer]]." However, an investigation by the American Psychological Associations in the 1980s ended with the conclusion that "mind control" (as applied to [[religious conversion]] of volunteers) was not a scientific]]ally viable theory.<ref name=Molko>''Molko and Leal v. Unification Church'', brief ''amicus curiae'' of the American Psychiatric Association, No. SF 25038, Court of Appeal No. A020935, San Francisco Superior Court No. 769-529. Hosted at Center for Studies of New Religions. <http://www.cesnur.org/testi/molko_brief.htm></ref>

The term later appeared in the context of [[religious conversion]] to the [[Unification Church]], and the controversial services of [[Ted Patrick]], who called himself a "[[Deprogramming|deprogrammer]]." However, an investigation by the American Psychological Associations in the 1980s ended with the conclusion that "mind control" (as applied to [[religious conversion]] of volunteers) was not a [[scientific]]ally viable theory.<ref name=Molko>''Molko and Leal v. Unification Church'', brief ''amicus curiae'' of the American Psychiatric Association, No. SF 25038, Court of Appeal No. A020935, San Francisco Superior Court No. 769-529. Hosted at Center for Studies of New Religions. <http://www.cesnur.org/testi/molko_brief.htm></ref>

==References in popular culture==

==References in popular culture==