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→The Italian Peninsula and the Papacy
===The Italian Peninsula and the Papacy===
===The Italian Peninsula and the Papacy===
The Papacy weakened thanks to both the Lombards and Byzantines. Yet because of iconoclasm the popes allied with the former. In 751 all Byzantine territory in northern Italy was conquered by the Lombards. The king threatened Rome. So Pope Stephen II called in Pepin the Short, king of the Franks.
==The Carolingian Empire (751-843)==
==The Carolingian Empire (751-843)==