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In logic Peirce was the first American to take up [[George Boole]]'s program to find the mathematical laws of logic--a program that began modern logic. Peirce made numerous major contributions from 1866 to 1914.  His technical papers of 1867 to 1885 established him as the greatest formal logician in the world, and the influential in the period from Boole to Ernst Schroeder. Peirce's papers were extremely difficult, but Schroeder explicated them and they became well known in the field.

In logic Peirce was the first American to take up [[George Boole]]'s program to find the mathematical laws of logic--a program that began modern logic. Peirce made numerous major contributions from 1866 to 1914.  His technical papers of 1867 to 1885 established him as the greatest formal logician in the world, and the influential in the period from Boole to Ernst Schroeder. Peirce's papers were extremely difficult, but Schroeder explicated them and they became well known in the field.

Peirce radically modified, extended, and transformed Boolean algebra, making it applicable to propositions, relations, probability, and arithmetic. Following De Morgan, Peirce laid the foundations of the logic of relations, the key technique for the logical analysis of mathematics. He invented the copula synbol of inclusion, the most important symbol in the logic of classes; he also invented two new logical algebras, two new systems of logical graphs, discovered the link between the logic of classes and the logic of propositions, was the first to give the fundamental principle for the logical development of mathematics, and made fundamental contributions to probability theory, induction, and the logic of scientific methodology. Peirce wrote an elaborate book on advanced logic but could not get it published.  

Peirce radically modified, extended, and transformed Boolean algebra, making it applicable to propositions, relations, probability, and arithmetic. Following De Morgan, Peirce laid the foundations of the logic of relations, the key technique for the logical analysis of mathematics. He invented the copula symbol of inclusion, the most important symbol in the logic of classes. Peirce invented two new logical algebras, two new systems of logical graphs, discovered the link between the logic of classes and the logic of propositions, was the first to give the fundamental principle for the logical development of mathematics, and made fundamental contributions to probability theory, induction, and the logic of scientific methodology. Peirce wrote an elaborate book on advanced logic but could not get it published.  

==Pragmatism==

==Pragmatism==

==Further reading==

==Further reading==

* Brent, Joseph. ''Charles Sanders Peirce: A Life'' (1998) [http://www.amazon.com/Charles-Sanders-Peirce-Joseph-Brent/dp/0253211611/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1239829331&sr=8-4 excerpt and text search]

* Brent, Joseph. ''Charles Sanders Peirce: A Life'' (1998) [http://www.amazon.com/Charles-Sanders-Peirce-Joseph-Brent/dp/0253211611/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1239829331&sr=8-4 excerpt and text search]

* Houser, Nathan. "Charles S. Peirce", the Peirce Edition Project, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianopolis [http://www.iupui.edu/~peirce/peirce/life/lifex.htm online edition].

* Houser, Nathan. "Charles S. Peirce", the Peirce Edition Project, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis [http://www.iupui.edu/~peirce/peirce/life/lifex.htm online edition].

* Peirce Edition Project editors, "Chronology" (of Peirce's life), Indiana University-Purdue University Indianopolis, [http://www.iupui.edu/~peirce/peirce/chron.htm online edition].

* Peirce Edition Project editors, "Chronology" (of Peirce's life), Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, [http://www.iupui.edu/~peirce/peirce/chron.htm online edition].

* Short, Thomas. "The Conservative Pragmatism of Charles Peirce," ''Modern Age'' Volume 43, Number 4; Fall 2001 [http://www.mmisi.org/ma/43_04/short.pdf online edition pdf]. Non-pdf [http://www.firstprinciplesjournal.com/articles.aspx?article=847&theme=cotho&loc=b online edition] at ''First Principles''.

* Short, Thomas. "The Conservative Pragmatism of Charles Peirce," ''Modern Age'' Volume 43, Number 4; Fall 2001 [http://www.mmisi.org/ma/43_04/short.pdf online edition pdf]. Non-pdf [http://www.firstprinciplesjournal.com/articles.aspx?article=847&theme=cotho&loc=b online edition] at ''First Principles''.

* Weiss, Paul. "Peirce, Charles Sanders" ''Dictionalry of Ameriican Biography'' (1935)

* Weiss, Paul. "Peirce, Charles Sanders" ''Dictionary of American Biography'' (1935)

===Primary sources===

===Primary sources===