Changes

Though not a candidate in 1892, Blaine received nearly 200 votes on the first ballot.  After the election Blaine's health failed rapidly, and he died in Washington, on Jan. 27, 1893.

Though not a candidate in 1892, Blaine received nearly 200 votes on the first ballot.  After the election Blaine's health failed rapidly, and he died in Washington, on Jan. 27, 1893.

 

In foreign policy Blaine was a transitional figure, marking the end of one era in foreign policy and foreshadowing the next. <ref> Healy (2001) p 253 </ref>  He brought energy, imagination and verve to the office in sharp contrast with his somnolent rivals, inspiring his activist twentieth-century successors. He was a pioneer in arbitration treaties, tariff reciprocity, and American administration of Latin American customs houses. to avert civil wars over the revenue stream.  Blaine wanted the the U.S. to be the protector and leader of the Western Hemisphere, even if the Latin America countries disagreed. He insisted on keeping the Americas away from European control while favoring peaceful arbitration and negotiations rather than war. Blaine forcefully argued for the national interests of his country. He kept the big picture firmly in mind, seeking long-term programs and not simply short-term fixes for the matter at hand.  

In foreign policy Blaine was a transitional figure, marking the end of one era in foreign policy and foreshadowing the next. <ref> Healy (2001) p 253 </ref>  He brought energy, imagination and verve to the office in sharp contrast with his somnolent rivals, inspiring his activist twentieth-century successors. He was a pioneer in arbitration treaties, tariff reciprocity, and American administration of Latin American customs houses. to avert civil wars over the revenue stream.  Blaine wanted the the U.S. to be the protector and leader of the Western Hemisphere, even if the Latin America countries disagreed. He insisted on keeping the Americas away from European control while favoring peaceful arbitration and negotiations rather than war. Blaine forcefully argued for the national interests of his country. He kept the big picture firmly in mind, seeking long-term programs and not simply short-term fixes for the matter at hand.  

Puck artists Joseph Keppler and Bernhard Gillam and Harper's Weekly cartoonist Thomas Nast all shared a desire to discredit Republican candidate James Blaine by ascribing to him characteristics of scandal during the presidential campaign of 1884. The article explores how cartoonists differed in their approaches using the concept of "scandal intertextuality." In doing so, it shows how these artists borrowed not only from previous scandals and debates about cultural norms of the time but also from each other.<ref> Makemson (2004) </ref>

''Puck'' cartoon artists Joseph Keppler and Bernhard Gillam and ''Harper's Weekly'' cartoonist Thomas Nast all shared a desire to discredit Republican candidate James Blaine by ascribing to him characteristics of scandal during the presidential campaign of 1884. The article explores how cartoonists differed in their approaches using the concept of "scandal intertextuality." In doing so, it shows how these artists borrowed not only from previous scandals and debates about cultural norms of the time but also from each other.<ref> Makemson (2004) </ref>

==Bibliography==

==Bibliography==

* Bastert, Russell H. “A New Approach to the Origins of Blaine's Pan American Policy.” ''Hispanic American Historical Review'' 39 (1959): 375—412. [http://www.jstor.org/stable/2510229  in JSTOR]

* Bastert, Russell H. “A New Approach to the Origins of Blaine's Pan American Policy.” ''Hispanic American Historical Review'' 39 (1959): 375—412. [http://www.jstor.org/stable/2510229  in JSTOR]