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The world-renowned ''Art Institute of Chicago'' houses both a museum and a school. <ref> [http://www.artic.edu/ The Art Institute of Chicago] </ref>

The world-renowned ''Art Institute of Chicago'' houses both a museum and a school. <ref> [http://www.artic.edu/ The Art Institute of Chicago] </ref>

The city, despite its normally cold weather, suffered through an extreme heat wave in 1995, which killed about 525 people.<ref>[http://www.isws.illinois.edu/atmos/statecli/General/1995Chicago.htm Chicago State Climatologist Office]</ref>

The city suffered through an extreme heat wave in 1995, which killed about 525 people.<ref>[http://www.isws.illinois.edu/atmos/statecli/General/1995Chicago.htm Chicago State Climatologist Office]</ref>

==Demography==

==Demography==

Although originally settled by Yankees, the railroads, stockyards and other heavy industry of the late 19th century attracted a variety of skilled workers from Europe, especially Germans, English, Swedish and Dutch, as well as unskilled Irish Catholics. From 1890-1914 migrations swelled, attracting especially unskilled workers from Eastern and Southern Europe, including Poles, Lithuanians, Croatians, Czechs, Greeks, Italians and Jews among others.  World War I cut off immigrations from Europe, and restrictions in the 1920s slowed the European influx to a trickle, apart from refugees after World War II.  During both world wars poor Americans arrived from the South--whites from Appalachia and blacks from the cotton fields due south.  The near south side was the first Black area, and it continued to expand, as did the black neighborhoods on the near west side.  These were segregated areas (few blacks were tolerated in white neighborhoods), and after 1950 public housing high rises anchored poor black neighborhoods south and west of the Loop.

Although originally settled by Yankees, the railroads, stockyards and other heavy industry of the late 19th century attracted a variety of skilled workers from Europe, especially Germans, English, Swedish and Dutch, as well as unskilled Irish Catholics. From 1890-1914 migrations swelled, attracting especially unskilled workers from Eastern and Southern Europe, including Poles, Lithuanians, Croatians, Czechs, Greeks, Italians and Jews among others.  World War I cut off immigrations from Europe, and restrictions in the 1920s slowed the European influx to a trickle, apart from refugees after World War II.  During both world wars poor Americans arrived from the South--whites from Appalachia and blacks from the cotton fields due south.  The near south side was the first Black area, and it continued to expand, as did the black neighborhoods on the near west side.  These were segregated areas (few blacks were tolerated in white neighborhoods), and after 1950 public housing high rises anchored poor black neighborhoods south and west of the Loop.