Changes

==The Communazi era==

==The Communazi era==

The [[Hilter-Stalin pact]] of 1939 presented the most troubling dilemma for American Communists.  It came on the heels of the bloody anti-Trotskyite [[Great Purges]] in which many [[CPUSA]] members quit the party with apprehension and fear over what the Party had become.  Those who remained during the purges were, for the most part, dedicated anti-fascists.  However, with the coming of the Communazi era wherein German Chancellor [[Adolf Hitler]] became an ally of the [[Soviet Union]] against French and British Imperialism, only the most ardent [[Stalinist]]s remained in the party who were willing to overlook, and justify, Stalin's murderous excesses. Among them were Frank Marshall Davis.

The [[Hitler-Stalin pact]] of 1939 presented the most troubling dilemma for American Communists.  It came on the heels of the bloody anti-Trotskyite [[Great Purges]] in which many [[CPUSA]] members quit the party with apprehension and fear over what the Party had become.  Those who remained during the purges were, for the most part, dedicated anti-fascists.  However, with the coming of the Communazi era wherein German Chancellor [[Adolf Hitler]] became an ally of the [[Soviet Union]] against French and British Imperialism, only the most ardent [[Stalinist]]s remained in the party who were willing to overlook, and justify, Stalin's murderous excesses. Among them were Frank Marshall Davis.

Davis became an articulate opponent of [[President Franklin Roosevelt]]'s policy of [[Lend Lease]] aid to Great Britain.  Speaking to an audience of the communist front [[National Negro Congress]] in 1940, Davis said,  

Davis became an articulate opponent of [[President Franklin Roosevelt]]'s policy of [[Lend Lease]] aid to Great Britain.  Speaking to an audience of the communist front [[National Negro Congress]] in 1940, Davis said,  

Davis stated singer [[Paul Robeson]], a secret communist, was instrumental in helping Davis move to [[Hawaii]].<ref>[http://www2.hawaii.edu/~takara/frank_marshall_davis.htm Frank Marshall Davis: Black Labor Activist and Outsider Journalist]: Social Movements in Hawai`i, by: Kathryn Waddell Takara, Ph.D.</ref>  Robeson and Davis both were active in the [[Civil Rights Congress]]<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/reportoncivilrig1947unit#page/12/mode/1up Report on Civil Rights Congress as a communist front organization.] Investigation of un-American activities in the United States, Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Eightieth Congress, first session. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off. September 2, 1947. pp. 1-13, 19, 21-22.</ref><ref>[http://www.hawaii.edu/uhwo/clear/HonoluluRecord1/volume%201/v1n41.pdf ''Honolulu Record'', May 12 1949, v.1 no.41. p.3.]</ref> and other subversive groups.<ref>Both were active in the [[National Negro Congress]]; <small>the 1954 [http://www.usasurvival.org/docs/Scope_of_Soviet_Activity.pdf Reports of the Commission on Subversive Activities of the Territory of Hawaii], pp.3-4 states, '''Communist Reactions to 1953 Report.''' The Communist ''Honolulu Record'' devoted an inside-page article to the 1953 Report and its columnist, Frank Marshall Davis, on August 6, 1953 wrote about the commission and the report. In his column Davis was guilty of the usual Communist editorial dishonesty. The following is copied from his column, and purports to be a quotation from the 1953 report : "Nor has Davis confined his inflammatory racial propaganda to the columns of the Honolulu Record alone. His story, ''Hawaii's Plain People Fight White Supremacy'', appeared in the November 1951 issue of ''Freedom'', a tabloid publication emanating from New York City. * * * Chairman of the editorial board of ''Freedom'' is Paul Robeson."  

Davis stated singer [[Paul Robeson]], a secret communist, was instrumental in helping Davis move to [[Hawaii]].<ref>[http://www2.hawaii.edu/~takara/frank_marshall_davis.htm Frank Marshall Davis: Black Labor Activist and Outsider Journalist]: Social Movements in Hawai`i, by: Kathryn Waddell Takara, Ph.D.</ref>  Robeson and Davis both were active in the [[Civil Rights Congress]]<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/reportoncivilrig1947unit#page/12/mode/1up Report on Civil Rights Congress as a communist front organization.] Investigation of un-American activities in the United States, Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Eightieth Congress, first session. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off. September 2, 1947. pp. 1-13, 19, 21-22.</ref><ref>[http://www.hawaii.edu/uhwo/clear/HonoluluRecord1/volume%201/v1n41.pdf ''Honolulu Record'', May 12 1949, v.1 no.41. p.3.]</ref> and other subversive groups.<ref>Both were active in the [[National Negro Congress]]; <small>the 1954 [http://www.usasurvival.org/docs/Scope_of_Soviet_Activity.pdf Reports of the Commission on Subversive Activities of the Territory of Hawaii], pp.3-4 states, '''Communist Reactions to 1953 Report.''' The Communist ''Honolulu Record'' devoted an inside-page article to the 1953 Report and its columnist, Frank Marshall Davis, on August 6, 1953 wrote about the commission and the report. In his column Davis was guilty of the usual Communist editorial dishonesty. The following is copied from his column, and purports to be a quotation from the 1953 report : "Nor has Davis confined his inflammatory racial propaganda to the columns of the Honolulu Record alone. His story, ''Hawaii's Plain People Fight White Supremacy'', appeared in the November 1951 issue of ''Freedom'', a tabloid publication emanating from New York City. * * * Chairman of the editorial board of ''Freedom'' is Paul Robeson."  

However, the commission actually reported : "Nor has Davis confined his inflammatory racial propaganda to the columns of the ''Honolulu Record'' alone. His story, ''Hawaii's Plain People Fight White Supremacy'', appeared in the November 1951 issue of ''Freedom'', a tabloid publication emanating from New York City, whose treatment of interracial problems strikingly conforms to Communist Party policy.  The chairman of the editorial board is Paul Robeson, an identified member of the Communist Party."</small></ref>  Robeson invoked the [[Fifth Amendment]] when asked if he had known [[Nathan Gregory Silvermaster]], [[Leon Josephson]], [[Louise Bransten]] or [[Gregory Kheifits]].<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/investigationofu0304unit#page/4497/mode/1up ''Testimony of Paul Robeson,''] Investigation of the Unauthorized Use of United States Passports- Part 3, Hearings before the Un-American Activities Committee, House of Representatives, Eighty-fourth Congress Second Session, June 12 and 13, 1956, pp. 4495-4497.</ref> [[Greg Silvermaster]] was the head of an [[Silvermaster group|extraordinarily large apparatus]] of [[Franklin D. Roosevelt|Roosevelt]] Brain Trusters working for the KGB.  Robeson also invoked the Fifth Amendment when asked if he had ever been in the home of Louise Branson. It was in the home of Branson that Branson's lover, West Coast [[Rezident|KGB Station Chief]] Gregory Kheifits, met another unlisted<ref>[http://www.wilsoncenter.org/index.cfm?topic_id=1409&fuseaction=va2.document&identifier=5034F6F1-96B6-175C-9170648C02EA02F8&sort=Collection&item=Post%20Stalin%20succession%20struggle Memorandum Boris Merkulov (USSR People’s Commissar for State Security) to Lavrenty Beria (USSR People’s Commissar for Internal Affairs)], 2 October 1944.</ref> member of the communist party, [[J. Robert Oppenheimer]] head of the [[Manhattan project]], who agreed to share information with the KGB.<ref>Pavel Sudoplatov, Anatoli Sudoplatov, Jerrold L. Schecter, Leona P. Schecter, ''Special Tasks: The Memoirs of an Unwanted Witness -- A Soviet Spymaster'', Little Brown, Boston (1994), pp. 190, 193.</ref>

However, the commission actually reported : "Nor has Davis confined his inflammatory racial propaganda to the columns of the ''Honolulu Record'' alone. His story, ''Hawaii's Plain People Fight White Supremacy'', appeared in the November 1951 issue of ''Freedom'', a tabloid publication emanating from New York City, whose treatment of interracial problems strikingly conforms to Communist Party policy.  The chairman of the editorial board is Paul Robeson, an identified member of the Communist Party."</small></ref>  Robeson invoked the [[Fifth Amendment]] when asked if he had known [[Nathan Gregory Silvermaster]], [[Leon Josephson]], [[Louise Bransten]] or [[Gregory Kheifits]].<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/investigationofu0304unit#page/4497/mode/1up ''Testimony of Paul Robeson,''] Investigation of the Unauthorized Use of United States Passports- Part 3, Hearings before the Un-American Activities Committee, House of Representatives, Eighty-fourth Congress Second Session, June 12 and 13, 1956, pp. 4495-4497.</ref> [[Greg Silvermaster]] was the head of an [[Silvermaster group|extraordinarily large apparatus]] of [[Franklin D. Roosevelt|Roosevelt]] Brain Trusters working for the KGB.  Robeson also invoked the Fifth Amendment when asked if he had ever been in the home of Louise Bransten. It was in the home of Bransten that Bransten's lover, West Coast [[Rezident|KGB Station Chief]] Gregory Kheifits, met another unlisted<ref>[http://www.wilsoncenter.org/index.cfm?topic_id=1409&fuseaction=va2.document&identifier=5034F6F1-96B6-175C-9170648C02EA02F8&sort=Collection&item=Post%20Stalin%20succession%20struggle Memorandum Boris Merkulov (USSR People’s Commissar for State Security) to Lavrenty Beria (USSR People’s Commissar for Internal Affairs)], 2 October 1944.</ref> member of the communist party, [[J. Robert Oppenheimer]] head of the [[Manhattan project]], who agreed to share information with the KGB.<ref>Pavel Sudoplatov, Anatoli Sudoplatov, Jerrold L. Schecter, Leona P. Schecter, ''Special Tasks: The Memoirs of an Unwanted Witness -- A Soviet Spymaster'', Little Brown, Boston (1994), pp. 190, 193.</ref>

==Communist activities in Hawaii==

==Communist activities in Hawaii==

They create a mythical racial problem here. They agitate with the same fervor that the Communist press does on the mainland. The result is discord and distrust, not unity.

They create a mythical racial problem here. They agitate with the same fervor that the Communist press does on the mainland. The result is discord and distrust, not unity.

…Already, scores of Negro members were frightened away from these meetings because of the influx of this element.  Only by a reorganization with a policy that will check this infiltration, can we hope to get former members back into a local NAACP branch.  We are going to have to have that authority over here―otherwise you’ll have a branch exclusively composed of yelping Stalinists and their dupes―characters who are more concerned about the speedy assassination of [[Tito]] than they are about the advancement of the colored people of these United States."<ref>House Committee on UnAmerican Activities, Hearings Regarding Communist Activities in the Teritory of Hawaii—Part 3, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1950, p 2067-9, quoted in [http://www.usasurvival.org/docs/hawaii-obama.pdf ''Communism in Hawaii and the Obama Connection''], Herbert Romerstein, usasurvival.org pp. 16-17, 31-34.</ref>}}

…Already, scores of Negro members were frightened away from these meetings because of the influx of this element.  Only by a reorganization with a policy that will check this infiltration, can we hope to get former members back into a local NAACP branch.  We are going to have to have that authority over here―otherwise you’ll have a branch exclusively composed of yelping Stalinists and their dupes―characters who are more concerned about the speedy assassination of [[Tito]] than they are about the advancement of the colored people of these United States."<ref>House Committee on UnAmerican Activities, Hearings Regarding Communist Activities in the Territory of Hawaii—Part 3, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1950, p 2067-9, quoted in [http://www.usasurvival.org/docs/hawaii-obama.pdf ''Communism in Hawaii and the Obama Connection''], Herbert Romerstein, usasurvival.org pp. 16-17, 31-34.</ref>}}

The national NAACP acted by revoking the local Hawaiian chapter of the NAACP's charter to prevent Communists from taking over the organization.

The national NAACP acted by revoking the local Hawaiian chapter of the NAACP's charter to prevent Communists from taking over the organization.

==International affairs==

==International affairs==

{{Cquote|I received a copy of the ''[[National Guardian]]'' on Dec. 31  In it was an article headed 'The Negro Press on [[Hungary]] and Egypt--Do hearts bleed for white skins only?' and containing a summary of the opinion formed in assorted Negro newspapers...Because I think the opinions of the press serving 18,000,000 colored Americans are of importance to the people of Hawaii, I am reprinting the ''Guardian'' summary:...<ref>[http://www.usasurvival.org/docs/Frank_Marshall_Davis_1.pdf FBI file Frank Marshall Davis] v.1 p.50-51 pdf</ref>}}

{{Cquote|I received a copy of the ''[[National Guardian]]'' on Dec. 31  In it was an article headed 'The Negro Press on [[Hungary]] and Egypt--Do hearts bleed for white skins only?' and containing a summary of the opinion formed in assorted Negro newspapers...Because I think the opinions of the press serving 18,000,000 colored Americans are of importance to the people of Hawaii, I am reprinting the ''Guardian'' summary:...<ref>[http://www.usasurvival.org/docs/Frank_Marshall_Davis_1.pdf FBI file Frank Marshall Davis] v.1 p.50-51 pdf</ref>}}

This was shortly after the violent and bloody anti-communist [[History_of_Hungary#Communist_Control|Hungarian uprising]] in 1956.  The ''Guardian'' was founded by [[KGB]] operatives [[Cedric Belfrage]] and [[James Aronson]].  During the [[Korean War]], ''Guardian'' carried false reports on American use of [[wmd|germ warfare]] which many American [[leftist]]s still charge America with to this day.<ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/readArticle.aspx?ARTID=22440 Cold War Revelations and "Progressive" Holocaust Denial,] Jamie Glazov, FrontPageMagazine.com October 28, 1999.</ref><ref>[http://www.iacenter.org/Koreafiles/ktc-park.htm Rethinking Nogun-ri Massacre on the 50th Anniversary of the Korean War], Sung Yong Park, The Interenational Action Center, New York. The Interenational Action Center was founded by [[Ramsey Clark]].</ref>  Documents from Russian Archives prove, more than four decades after the fact, the United States was the victim of a [[disinformation]] campaign.<ref>Bruce B. Auster, [http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/981116/archive_005192.htm ''Unmasking An Old Lie: A Korean War Charge Is Exposed As a Hoax''], U. S. News & World Report (16 November 1998), p. 52. </ref>  The ''Guardian'' correspondent who reported the disinformation actually assisted North Korean interogators in extracting bogus confessions from American prisoners of war.<ref>[http://www.questia.com/library/book/nazis-communists-klansmen-and-others-on-the-fringe-political-extremism-in-america-by-john-george-laird-wilcox.jsp''Nazis, Communists, Klansmen, and Others on the Fringe: Political Extremism in America,'']John George and Laird Wilcox, Prometheus Books, Buffalo, New York, 1992,  Chapter 9, ''[[Guardian (NY)]]'', pgs. 125-131. (ISBN 0-87975-680-2).</ref>

This was shortly after the violent and bloody anti-communist [[History_of_Hungary#Communist_Control|Hungarian uprising]] in 1956.  The ''Guardian'' was founded by [[KGB]] operatives [[Cedric Belfrage]] and [[James Aronson]].  During the [[Korean War]], ''Guardian'' carried false reports on American use of [[wmd|germ warfare]] which many American [[leftist]]s still charge America with to this day.<ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/readArticle.aspx?ARTID=22440 Cold War Revelations and "Progressive" Holocaust Denial,] Jamie Glazov, FrontPageMagazine.com October 28, 1999.</ref><ref>[http://www.iacenter.org/Koreafiles/ktc-park.htm Rethinking Nogun-ri Massacre on the 50th Anniversary of the Korean War], Sung Yong Park, The International Action Center, New York. The International Action Center was founded by [[Ramsey Clark]].</ref>  Documents from Russian Archives prove, more than four decades after the fact, the United States was the victim of a [[disinformation]] campaign.<ref>Bruce B. Auster, [http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/981116/archive_005192.htm ''Unmasking An Old Lie: A Korean War Charge Is Exposed As a Hoax''], U. S. News & World Report (16 November 1998), p. 52. </ref>  The ''Guardian'' correspondent who reported the disinformation actually assisted North Korean interrogators in extracting bogus confessions from American prisoners of war.<ref>[http://www.questia.com/library/book/nazis-communists-klansmen-and-others-on-the-fringe-political-extremism-in-america-by-john-george-laird-wilcox.jsp''Nazis, Communists, Klansmen, and Others on the Fringe: Political Extremism in America,'']John George and Laird Wilcox, Prometheus Books, Buffalo, New York, 1992,  Chapter 9, ''[[Guardian (NY)]]'', pgs. 125-131. (ISBN 0-87975-680-2).</ref>

==Further reading==

==Further reading==