Changes

==Communist activities in Chicago==

==Communist activities in Chicago==

[[File:Jarrett-and-henry-wallace1.jpg|thumb|255px|left|Vice President [[Henry Wallace]] (left) was booted off the ticket by FDR in 1944 when questions about his mental capacity arose; he ran against his replacement, [[Harry S. Truman]] with strong [[CPUSA]] backing in 1948. [[Vernon Jarrett]] (right) had high praise for [[Barack Obama]]'s Illinois Project Vote sponsored by the ''Chicago Defender''.<ref>"Project Vote is increasing its rolls at a 7,000-per-week clip...If Project Vote is to reach its goal of registering 150,000 out of an estimated 400,000 unregistered blacks statewide, "it must average 10,000 rather than 7,000 every week," says Barack Obama, the program's executive director."{{cite news|author=Jarrett, Vernon|date=August 11, 1992|title='Project Vote' brings power to the people|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=CSTB&p_theme=cstb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&s_dispstring=(Vernon%20Jarrett)%20AND%20date(8/11/1992%20to%208/11/1992)&p_field_date-0=YMD_date&p_params_date-0=date:B,E&p_text_date-0=8/11/1992%20to%208/11/1992)&p_field_advanced-0=&p_text_advanced-0=(Vernon%20Jarrett)&xcal_numdocs=20&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&xcal_useweights=no|work=Chicago Sun-Times|page=23|}} </ref>  Jarrett's daughter-in-law, [[Valerie Jarrett]], is the Senior Advisor to [[President Obama]] for Intergovernmental Affairs. [http://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/staff/valerie_jarrett/] ]]

[[File:Jarrett-and-henry-wallace1.jpg|thumb|255px|left|Vice President [[Henry Wallace]] (left) was booted off the ticket by FDR in 1944 when questions about his mental capacity arose; he ran against his replacement, [[Harry S. Truman]] with strong [[CPUSA]] backing in 1948. [[Vernon Jarrett]] (right) had high praise for [[Barack Obama]]'s Illinois Project Vote sponsored by the ''Chicago Defender''.<ref>"Project Vote...registered 2,000 during the ''Chicago Defender'''s annual Bud Billiken Parade...If Project Vote is to reach its goal of registering 150,000 out of an estimated 400,000 unregistered blacks statewide, "it must average 10,000 rather than 7,000 every week," says Barack Obama, the program's executive director."{{cite news|author=Jarrett, Vernon|date=August 11, 1992|title='Project Vote' brings power to the people|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=CSTB&p_theme=cstb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&s_dispstring=(Vernon%20Jarrett)%20AND%20date(8/11/1992%20to%208/11/1992)&p_field_date-0=YMD_date&p_params_date-0=date:B,E&p_text_date-0=8/11/1992%20to%208/11/1992)&p_field_advanced-0=&p_text_advanced-0=(Vernon%20Jarrett)&xcal_numdocs=20&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&xcal_useweights=no|work=Chicago Sun-Times|page=23|}} </ref>  Jarrett's daughter-in-law, [[Valerie Jarrett]], is the Senior Advisor to [[President Obama]] for Intergovernmental Affairs. [http://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/staff/valerie_jarrett/] ]]

Davis was involved in Chicago's South Side Community Art Center, "a meeting place for young African American writers and artists during the 1940s".<ref>[http://www.newberry.org/outspoken/exhibit/objectlist_section2.html "Outspoken," A Newberry Library and Chicago Historical Society Exhibit]</ref>  An outgrowth of the [[New Deal]] Federal Art Project, the Art Center was a hangout for the "Culture Group,"<ref>FBI file Frank Marshall Davis, v.4 pp.78-81 pdf.</ref> a circle of Communist Party members and sympathisers including [[Richard Wright]], Margaret Burroughs, Marion Perkins and Arna Bontemps.  Another center regular was a young journalist named [[Vernon Jarrett]]. Davis and Jarrett worked together on the black run newspaper, the ''Chicago Defender''.<ref>[http://newzeal.blogspot.com/2008/10/obama-file-38-barack-obama-frank.html Obama File 38], Trevor Louden, Barack Obama, October 17, 2008.</ref>  Even throughout World War II, when the CPUSA "soft-pedaled" the fight against racism the editorial policies of the ''Defender'' were virtually indistinguishable from those of the ''Daily Worker''.<ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2838/is_1_35/ai_74410624/?tag=content;col1 Popular Fronts: Chicago and American Cultural Politics, 1935-46], African American Review, Spring, 2001 by Barbara Foley.</ref>

Davis was involved in Chicago's South Side Community Art Center, "a meeting place for young African American writers and artists during the 1940s".<ref>[http://www.newberry.org/outspoken/exhibit/objectlist_section2.html "Outspoken," A Newberry Library and Chicago Historical Society Exhibit]</ref>  An outgrowth of the [[New Deal]] Federal Art Project, the Art Center was a hangout for the "Culture Group,"<ref>FBI file Frank Marshall Davis, v.4 pp.78-81 pdf.</ref> a circle of Communist Party members and sympathisers including [[Richard Wright]], Margaret Burroughs, Marion Perkins and Arna Bontemps.  Another center regular was a young journalist named [[Vernon Jarrett]]. Davis and Jarrett worked together on the black run newspaper, the ''Chicago Defender''.<ref>[http://newzeal.blogspot.com/2008/10/obama-file-38-barack-obama-frank.html Obama File 38], Trevor Louden, Barack Obama, October 17, 2008.</ref>  Even throughout World War II, when the CPUSA "soft-pedaled" the fight against racism the editorial policies of the ''Defender'' were virtually indistinguishable from those of the ''Daily Worker''.<ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2838/is_1_35/ai_74410624/?tag=content;col1 Popular Fronts: Chicago and American Cultural Politics, 1935-46], African American Review, Spring, 2001 by Barbara Foley.</ref>

According to Davis he met [[CPUSA]] Central Committeeman [[Harry Bridges]] in 1945 while on the faculty of the [[Abraham Lincoln School]]<ref>Frank Marshall Davis, [http://books.google.com/books?id=BabHjAEzkdwC&dq=Frank+Marshall+Davis,+Livin'+the+Blues,+Memoirs+of+a+Black+Journalist+and+Poet,+University+of+Wisconsin+Press,+Madison,+1992&printsec=frontcover&source=bn&hl=en&ei=EHN_Supoj4y0A4qwje8K&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4#v=onepage&q=&f=false ''Livin' the Blues, Memoirs of a Black Journalist and Poet'',] University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, 1992, p 311.</ref> in Chicago, cited as a [[subversive]] organization by U.S. Attorney General [[Tom Clark]]<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/guidetosubversiv1951aunit/guidetosubversiv1951aunit_djvu.txt Guide to subversive organizations and publications (and appendix) (1951)] United States. Congress. [[House Committee on Un-American Activities]]. Washington U.S. Govt. Print. Office.  "1. Cited as an adjunct of the Communist Party. (Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review Board, released December 4, 1947.) 2. Successor of the Workers School as a "Communist educational medium" in Chicago. (Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report, March 29, 1944, V- 82.) 3. Cited as a "Communist institution." (California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,  

According to Davis he met [[CPUSA]] Central Committeeman [[Harry Bridges]] in 1945 while on the faculty of the [[Abraham Lincoln School]]<ref>Frank Marshall Davis, [http://books.google.com/books?id=BabHjAEzkdwC&dq=Frank+Marshall+Davis,+Livin'+the+Blues,+Memoirs+of+a+Black+Journalist+and+Poet,+University+of+Wisconsin+Press,+Madison,+1992&printsec=frontcover&source=bn&hl=en&ei=EHN_Supoj4y0A4qwje8K&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4#v=onepage&q=&f=false ''Livin' the Blues, Memoirs of a Black Journalist and Poet'',] University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, 1992, p. 311.</ref> in Chicago, cited as a [[subversive]] organization by U.S. Attorney General [[Tom Clark]]<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/guidetosubversiv1951aunit/guidetosubversiv1951aunit_djvu.txt Guide to subversive organizations and publications (and appendix) (1951)] United States. Congress. [[House Committee on Un-American Activities]]. Washington U.S. Govt. Print. Office.  "1. Cited as an adjunct of the Communist Party. (Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review Board, released December 4, 1947.) 2. Successor of the Workers School as a "Communist educational medium" in Chicago. (Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report, March 29, 1944, V- 82.) 3. Cited as a "Communist institution." (California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,  

1948, pp. 95 and 120.)"</ref> and again under Executive Order 10450.<ref>[http://www.usasurvival.org/docs/davis.FBI.File.pdf FBI file Frank Marshall Davis], Summary file edited by Cliff Kincaid, p. 11, 14, 16, 17.</ref><ref>[http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/codification/executive-order/10450.html Executive Order 10450]--Security requirements for Government employment.</ref>  Davis was associated with several other organizations on the [[Attorney General's List of Totalitarian, Fascist, Communist, Subversive, and Other Organizations]] including the [[American Youth for Democracy]], [[National Federation for Constitutional Liberties]], [[League of American Writers]],<ref>The Summer (1938) issue of the ''The Bulletin'' listed Frank Marshall Davis as Treasurer of the Chicago Chapter of the League of American Writers.  He signed the "Call to the Fourth Congress, June 6-8, 1941, New York City," sponsored by the League. (See ''[[New Masses]]'', April 22 1941, page 25). Cited in Report prepared from the files of the House Committee on Un-American Activities for Senator William E. Jenner, Chairman of the Senate Subcommittee on Internal Security, October 20 1953, FBI file Frank Marshall Davis, v.5 pp.9-11 pdf.</ref> and the [[National Negro Congress]], according to the Reports of the Commission on Subversive Activities of the Territory of Hawaii.  Davis also was the Executive Editor of the communist publication the ''[[Chicago Star]]''.<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/testimonyofwalte1947unit#page/35/mode/1up Testimony of Walter S. Steele regarding Communist activities in the United States]. Hearings before the Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Eightieth Congress, first session, on H. R. 1884 and H. R. 2122, bills to curb or outlaw the Communist Party in the United States. Public law 601 (section 121, subsection Q (2) July 21, 1947, page 35.</ref>  

1948, pp. 95 and 120.)"</ref> and again under Executive Order 10450.<ref>[http://www.usasurvival.org/docs/davis.FBI.File.pdf FBI file Frank Marshall Davis], Summary file edited by Cliff Kincaid, p. 11, 14, 16, 17.</ref><ref>[http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/codification/executive-order/10450.html Executive Order 10450]--Security requirements for Government employment.</ref>  Davis was associated with several other organizations on the [[Attorney General's List of Totalitarian, Fascist, Communist, Subversive, and Other Organizations]] including the [[American Youth for Democracy]], [[National Federation for Constitutional Liberties]], [[League of American Writers]],<ref>The Summer (1938) issue of the ''The Bulletin'' listed Frank Marshall Davis as Treasurer of the Chicago Chapter of the League of American Writers.  He signed the "Call to the Fourth Congress, June 6-8, 1941, New York City," sponsored by the League. (See ''[[New Masses]]'', April 22 1941, page 25). Cited in Report prepared from the files of the House Committee on Un-American Activities for Senator William E. Jenner, Chairman of the Senate Subcommittee on Internal Security, October 20 1953, FBI file Frank Marshall Davis, v.5 pp.9-11 pdf.</ref> and the [[National Negro Congress]], according to the Reports of the Commission on Subversive Activities of the Territory of Hawaii.  Davis also was the Executive Editor of the communist publication the ''[[Chicago Star]]''.<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/testimonyofwalte1947unit#page/35/mode/1up Testimony of Walter S. Steele regarding Communist activities in the United States]. Hearings before the Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Eightieth Congress, first session, on H. R. 1884 and H. R. 2122, bills to curb or outlaw the Communist Party in the United States. Public law 601 (section 121, subsection Q (2) July 21, 1947, page 35.</ref>