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The ''Catholic Irish''' have been a major American ethnic group since they started arriving in the 1840s in the wake of the horrible [[Irish Potato Famine]]. Extremely poor with a strong group cohesiveness, high interest in poltics, and high rates of alcoholism and violence, they settled in the slums of large cities. many worked in construction gangs. The Irish rose rapidly in the ranks of the Democratic party, the Catholic Church, and (after 1880), the labor unions.
==see also==
* [[Protestant Irish]]
==Further reading==
* Glazier, Michael, ed. ''The Encyclopedia of the Irish in America,'' (1999), the best place to start--the most authoritative source, with essays by over 200 experts, covering both Catholics and Protestants.
* Anbinder, Tyler. ''Five Points: The Nineteenth-Century New York City Neighborhood That Invented Tap Dance, Stole Elections and Became the World's Most Notorious Slum'' (2001).
* Bayor, Ronald and Timothy Meagher, eds. ''The New York Irish'' (1996) comprehensive overview by numerous scholars
* Blessing, Patrick J. ''The Irish in America: A Guide to the Literature''. Longaeva Books (1992)
*Clark, Dennis. ''The Irish in Philadelphia: Ten Generations of Urban Experience'' (1973)
* Diner, Hasia R. ''Erin's Daughters in America : Irish Immigrant Women in the Nineteenth Century'' (1983).
* Erie, Steven P. ''Rainbow's End: Irish-Americans and the Dilemmas of Urban Machine Politics, 1840—1985'' (1988).
* Gleeson; David T. ''The Irish in the South, 1815-1877'' University of North Carolina Press, 2001
* Greeley, Andrew M. ''The Irish Americans: The Rise to Money and Power.'' (1993).
* Ignatiev, Noel. ''How the Irish Became White'' (1996). New Left
* [http://tigger.uic.edu/~rjensen/no-irish.htm Jensen, Richard. "No Irish Need Apply": A Myth of Victimization," ''Journal of Social History'' 36.2 (2002) 405-429]
* Kenny, Kevin. ''The American Irish: A History'' (2000), solid scholarly history
* McCaffrey, Lawrence J. ''The Irish Diaspora in America'' (1976).
* Meagher, Timothy J. ''Inventing Irish America: Generation, Class, and Ethnic Identity in a New England City, 1880-1928'' (2000).
* Meagher, Timothy J. ''The Columbia Guide to Irish American History.'' (2005).
* Miller, Kerby M. ''Emigrants and Exiles'' (1985), influential study
* Mitchell, Brian C. ''The Paddy Camps: The Irish of Lowell, 1821—61'' (1988).
* Mulrooney, Margaret M. ed. ''Fleeing the Famine: North America and Irish Refugees, 1845-1851'' (2003). Essays by scholars
* Negra, Diane, ed. ''The Irish in Us'' (2006).
* O'Donnell, L. A. ''Irish Voice and Organized Labor in America: A Biographical Study'' (1997)
* Potter, George W. . ''To the Golden Door: The Story of the Irish in Ireland and America'' (1960). useful survey [http://www.google.com/url?q=http://www.questia.com/library/book/to-the-golden-door-the-story-of-the-irish-in-ireland-and-america-by-george-w-potter.jsp&ei=3_LbSsOCFIeuswPBpIieBg&sa=X&oi=nshc&resnum=1&ct=result&cd=1&ved=0CA8QzgQoAA&usg=AFQjCNGREO3hj08iKBc8FfsY5DQQlneI0Q online edition]
[[Category:Ethnicities]]
==see also==
* [[Protestant Irish]]
==Further reading==
* Glazier, Michael, ed. ''The Encyclopedia of the Irish in America,'' (1999), the best place to start--the most authoritative source, with essays by over 200 experts, covering both Catholics and Protestants.
* Anbinder, Tyler. ''Five Points: The Nineteenth-Century New York City Neighborhood That Invented Tap Dance, Stole Elections and Became the World's Most Notorious Slum'' (2001).
* Bayor, Ronald and Timothy Meagher, eds. ''The New York Irish'' (1996) comprehensive overview by numerous scholars
* Blessing, Patrick J. ''The Irish in America: A Guide to the Literature''. Longaeva Books (1992)
*Clark, Dennis. ''The Irish in Philadelphia: Ten Generations of Urban Experience'' (1973)
* Diner, Hasia R. ''Erin's Daughters in America : Irish Immigrant Women in the Nineteenth Century'' (1983).
* Erie, Steven P. ''Rainbow's End: Irish-Americans and the Dilemmas of Urban Machine Politics, 1840—1985'' (1988).
* Gleeson; David T. ''The Irish in the South, 1815-1877'' University of North Carolina Press, 2001
* Greeley, Andrew M. ''The Irish Americans: The Rise to Money and Power.'' (1993).
* Ignatiev, Noel. ''How the Irish Became White'' (1996). New Left
* [http://tigger.uic.edu/~rjensen/no-irish.htm Jensen, Richard. "No Irish Need Apply": A Myth of Victimization," ''Journal of Social History'' 36.2 (2002) 405-429]
* Kenny, Kevin. ''The American Irish: A History'' (2000), solid scholarly history
* McCaffrey, Lawrence J. ''The Irish Diaspora in America'' (1976).
* Meagher, Timothy J. ''Inventing Irish America: Generation, Class, and Ethnic Identity in a New England City, 1880-1928'' (2000).
* Meagher, Timothy J. ''The Columbia Guide to Irish American History.'' (2005).
* Miller, Kerby M. ''Emigrants and Exiles'' (1985), influential study
* Mitchell, Brian C. ''The Paddy Camps: The Irish of Lowell, 1821—61'' (1988).
* Mulrooney, Margaret M. ed. ''Fleeing the Famine: North America and Irish Refugees, 1845-1851'' (2003). Essays by scholars
* Negra, Diane, ed. ''The Irish in Us'' (2006).
* O'Donnell, L. A. ''Irish Voice and Organized Labor in America: A Biographical Study'' (1997)
* Potter, George W. . ''To the Golden Door: The Story of the Irish in Ireland and America'' (1960). useful survey [http://www.google.com/url?q=http://www.questia.com/library/book/to-the-golden-door-the-story-of-the-irish-in-ireland-and-america-by-george-w-potter.jsp&ei=3_LbSsOCFIeuswPBpIieBg&sa=X&oi=nshc&resnum=1&ct=result&cd=1&ved=0CA8QzgQoAA&usg=AFQjCNGREO3hj08iKBc8FfsY5DQQlneI0Q online edition]
[[Category:Ethnicities]]