Changes

;1. No change  

;1. No change  

:der '''Lehrer''' (teacher) → die '''Lehrer'''

:der '''Zimmer''' (room) → die '''Zimmer'''

;2. No ending, with Umlaut

;2. No ending, with Umlaut

:der Apfel (apple) → die '''Ä'''pfel

:der Apfel (apple) → die '''Ä'''pfel

;3. Add -e

;3. Add -e

:das Jahr (year) → die Jahr'''e'''

:das Ziel (goal) → die Ziel'''e'''

;4. Add -e, with Umlaut

;4. Add -e, with Umlaut

:die Hand (hand) → die H'''ä'''nd'''e'''

:der Tanz (dance) → die T'''ä'''nz'''e'''

;5. Add -er, with Umlaut

;5. Add -er, with Umlaut

:das Tal (valley) → die T'''ä'''l'''er'''

:das Glas (glass) → die Gl'''ä'''s'''er'''

;6. Add -n or -en

;6. Add -n or -en

:die Frau (woman) → die Frau'''en'''

:die Frau (woman) → die Frau'''en'''

;7. Add -s

;7. Add -s

:das Auto (car) → die Auto'''s'''

:das Tabu (taboo) → die Tabu'''s'''

There is no logical formula to determine which plural form a given noun will take, so the plural form must also be learned as one learns a new noun.

There is no logical formula to determine which plural form a given noun will take, so the plural form must also be learned as one learns a new noun.