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In the 1940s Jews comprised 3.7% of the US population. Today the population is about 5 million--under 2% of the national total--and shrinking because of small family sizes and intermarriage.  The largest population centers are the metropolitan areas of New York (2.1 million in 2000), [[Los Angeles]] (668,000), [[Miami]] (331,000), [[Philadelphia]] (285,000), [[Chicago]] (265,000) and [[Boston]] (254,000).  

In the 1940s Jews comprised 3.7% of the US population. Today the population is about 5 million--under 2% of the national total--and shrinking because of small family sizes and intermarriage.  The largest population centers are the metropolitan areas of New York (2.1 million in 2000), [[Los Angeles]] (668,000), [[Miami]] (331,000), [[Philadelphia]] (285,000), [[Chicago]] (265,000) and [[Boston]] (254,000). With the large-scale immigration of [[Jews]] from [[Germany]] in the nineteenth century, Jews established themselves in  many small towns and cities across America. A much larger immigration of Eastern European Jews between 1880-1914  brought a large, poor, traditional Jewish population to [[New York City]]. At [[World War II]] and after a large number of Jewish refugees arrived from Europe; many also arrived from the [[Soviet Union]] after 1970.

 

=== New York  ===

=== New York  ===

New York City's Jewish population in 2001 was near 2 million. New York City is the largest single Jewish community in the world (considering, single as "within municipal limits"). First Jewish presence in New York was formed with Jewish (of Dutch ancestry) relocated from Brazil; arround 1900 the Lower East Side was home to a flourishing Jewish community of Germans, Russians and Greeks. The Lower East Side Tenement Museum, a landmark built in 1863, tells some stories of immigrants.

New York City's Jewish population in 2001 was near 2 million. New York City is the largest single Jewish community in the world (considering, single as "within municipal limits"). First Jewish presence in New York was formed with Jewish (of Dutch ancestry) relocated from Brazil; arround 1900 the Lower East Side was home to a flourishing Jewish community of Germans, Russians and Greeks. The Lower East Side Tenement Museum, a landmark built in 1863, tells some stories of immigrants.

===Miami===

===Miami===

After 1945 many northeastern Jews moved to Florida, especially to Miami, Miami Beach, and nearby cities. They found familiar foods and better weather, and founded more open, less tradition-bound communities, where greater materialism and more leisure-oriented, less disciplined Judaism developed.  Many relaxed their religiosity and attended services only during Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur. In South Florida synagogue affiliation, Jewish community center membership, and per capita contributions to the United Jewish Appeal and the Jewish Federation are among the lowest of any Jewish community in the United States.<ref>Deborah Dash Moore, ''To the Golden Cities: Pursuing the American Jewish Dream in Miami and L.A.'' (1994); Stephen J. Whitfield, "Blood and Sand: the Jewish Community of South Florida." ''American Jewish History'' 1994 82(1-4): 73-96. 0164-0178</ref>

After 1945 many northeastern Jews moved to Florida, especially to Miami, Miami Beach, and nearby cities. They found familiar foods and better weather, and founded more open, less tradition-bound communities, where greater materialism and more leisure-oriented, less disciplined Judaism developed.  Many relaxed their religiosity and attended services only during Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur. In South Florida synagogue affiliation, Jewish community center membership, and per capita contributions to the United Jewish Appeal and the Jewish Federation are among the lowest of any Jewish community in the United States.<ref>Deborah Dash Moore, ''To the Golden Cities: Pursuing the American Jewish Dream in Miami and L.A.'' (1994); Stephen J. Whitfield, "Blood and Sand: the Jewish Community of South Florida." ''American Jewish History'' 1994 82(1-4): 73-96. 0164-0178</ref>

=== Palm Springs, California ===

=== Palm Springs, California ===

About 32,000 Jews are believed to reside in the [[Palm Springs]] area, said the United Jewish Congress of the Desert. The world-famous desert resort community has been widely known for its local history of American Jews starting with Hollywood celebrities and businessmen like [[Walter Annenberg]] visited Palm Springs in the 1930's and 1940's.  

About 32,000 Jews are believed to reside in the [[Palm Springs]] area, said the United Jewish Congress of the Desert. The world-famous desert resort community has been widely known for its local history of American Jews starting with Hollywood celebrities and businessmen like [[Walter Annenberg]] visited Palm Springs in the 1930's and 1940's.