| − | * Naturalism: atheists believe that the universe ''only'' operates through natural processes, and is limited to what can be observed. Most scientists, (from [[Newton]] to [[Einstein]] to present) on the other hand, assert that while the observable universe follows natural processes, [[first causes]] are unknowable, and our knowledge is limited to what we can detect, leaving open the potential for the spiritual, the soul, and divine acts of God. | + | * Naturalism: atheists believe that the universe ''only'' operates through natural processes, and is limited to what can be observed. Most scientists, (from [[Isaac Newton]] to [[Albert Einstein]] to present) on the other hand, assert that while the observable universe follows natural processes, [[first causes]] are unknowable, and our knowledge is limited to what we can detect, leaving open the potential for the spiritual, the soul, and divine acts of God. |
| | * Scientism: atheists believe that all knowledge and aspects of life can be refined to a science (see [[Comte]] and [[positivism]]), including religious belief, ethics, morality, and the soul. | | * Scientism: atheists believe that all knowledge and aspects of life can be refined to a science (see [[Comte]] and [[positivism]]), including religious belief, ethics, morality, and the soul. |