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| − | '''Jehovah's Witnesses''', are a religious organization that is headquartered in the [[United States]] and legally known as the ''Watchtower Bible and Tract Society.'' Headquartered in Brooklyn, New York, the Church has about 12,000 churches in the U.S. with 1 million members. Outside the U.S. membership is over 6 million in 90,000 local churches. All baptized members are ordained ministers and share in the preaching and teaching work; there is no paid clergy. | + | '''Jehovah's Witnesses''', are a religious organization that is headquartered in the [[United States]]. There are A number of legal corporations in use by Jehovah's Witnesses worldwide, That publish literature and perform other operational and administrative functions, representing the interests of the religious organization. "The Society" has been used as a collective term for these corporations. The literature of Jehovah's Witnesses has also referred to the religion generally as the "Christian congregation of Jehovah's Witnesses". The oldest and most prominent of their corporation is the 'Watch Tower Society'. |
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| | + | Jehovah's Witnesses have maintained a distinction between their corporations and their religious organizations including, but not limited to: |
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| | + | * Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania |
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| | + | * Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc. |
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| | + | * Christian Congregation of Jehovah's Witnesses |
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| | + | * Religious Order of Jehovah's Witnesses, New York |
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| | + | * Kingdom Support Services, Inc., New York |
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| | + | * International Bible Students Association |
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| | + | * Testigos de Jehová de Venezuela, La Victoria, Venezuela |
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| | + | * Wachtturm-Gesellschaft, Selters/Taunus, Germany |
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| | + | * Watchtower Bible & Tract Society Of Australia, Inc., Australia |
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| | + | * Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Canada |
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| | + | * Congregación Cristiana de los Testigos de Jehová |
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| | + | Headquartered in Brooklyn, New York, the Church has about 12,000 churches in the U.S. with 1 million members. Outside the U.S. membership is over 6 million in 90,000 local churches. All baptized members are ordained ministers and share in the preaching and teaching work; there is no paid clergy. |
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| | The Jehovah's Witnesses were founded in the United States in the 1870s by Charles Taze Russell of Pittsburgh. A small group of non-conformist Christian Adventists who professed loyalty only to Jehovah, they refused to swear allegiance to any government or to serve in the army of any nation. They believed that after the battle of Armageddon they would be the elect in a thousand-year period of heavenly peace. They were disliked for their opposition to the First World War, their door-to-door proselytizing, their disdain toward government, their early support of the return of the Jews to the Holy Land, and their loud criticism of other churches as the work of Satan. | | The Jehovah's Witnesses were founded in the United States in the 1870s by Charles Taze Russell of Pittsburgh. A small group of non-conformist Christian Adventists who professed loyalty only to Jehovah, they refused to swear allegiance to any government or to serve in the army of any nation. They believed that after the battle of Armageddon they would be the elect in a thousand-year period of heavenly peace. They were disliked for their opposition to the First World War, their door-to-door proselytizing, their disdain toward government, their early support of the return of the Jews to the Holy Land, and their loud criticism of other churches as the work of Satan. |
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| | Witnesses do observe an annual celebration of the [[Last Supper]], or Lord's Evening Meal (1 Corinthians 11:20). This event, which they refer to as the Memorial of Christ's Death, falls on the night of Nisan 14 which corresponds with the ancient [[Passover]] celebration observed by Jews. | | Witnesses do observe an annual celebration of the [[Last Supper]], or Lord's Evening Meal (1 Corinthians 11:20). This event, which they refer to as the Memorial of Christ's Death, falls on the night of Nisan 14 which corresponds with the ancient [[Passover]] celebration observed by Jews. |
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| | + | ==Morality== |
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| | + | Their views of morality reflect conservative Christian values. All sexual relations outside of marriage are grounds for expulsion if the individual is not deemed repentant; homosexuality is considered a serious sin, and same-sex marriages are forbidden. Abortion is considered murder. Modesty in dress and grooming is frequently emphasized. Gambling, drunkenness, illegal drugs, and tobacco use are forbidden.Drinking of alcoholic beverages is permitted in moderation. |
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| | + | The family structure is patriarchal. The husband is considered the final authority on family decisions, but is encouraged to solicit his wife's thoughts and feelings, as well as those of his children. Marriages are required to be monogamous. Divorce is discouraged, and remarriage is forbidden unless a divorce is obtained on the grounds of adultery, termed "a scriptural divorce". If a divorce is obtained for any other reason, remarriage is considered adultery while the prior spouse is still alive and has not begun another sexual relationship. Extreme physical abuse, willful non-support of one's family, and what the religion terms "absolute endangerment of spirituality" are considered grounds for legal separation. |
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| | == History == | | == History == |