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'''Population genetics''' is the study of [[allele]] distribution, transmission, and change in frequency within a population.  Because mathematical models of population genetics rely on the effects of the major [[evolution|evolutionary]] forces ([[natural selection]], [[genetic drift]], [[mutation|random mutation]], and [[gene flow]]) on the behavior of alleles within populations over time, population genetics forms one of the cornerstones of the [[modern evolutionary synthesis]] that is, the current scientific understanding of the [[theory of evolution]].

'''Population genetics''' is the study of [[allele]] distribution, transmission, and change in frequency within a population.   

As a biological discipline, the foundation of population genetics is often considered to be dated to the early 1920s to early 1930s, when scientists such as J.B.S. Haldane, Sewall Wright, and R.A. Fisher applied previous work in genetic inheritance by investigators such as [[Thomas Hunt Morgan]] to quantitative models of allele behavior in populations such as the [[Hardy-Weinberg principle]].  With modern advances in [[molecular biology]], such as [[molecular cloning]], the [[polymerase chain reaction]], [[DNA fingerprinting]], and the completion of the [[human genome project]], population genetics has come to occupy a central role in biomedical research (where it has led to numerous life-saving discoveries in the past couple decades), [[evolutionary biology]], [[ecology]], and even seemingly distantly-related fields such as [[animal husbandry]], [[epidemiology]], [[paleoanthropology]], and [[archaeology]].

As a biological discipline, the foundation of population genetics is often considered to be dated to the early 1920s to early 1930s, when scientists such as J.B.S. Haldane, Sewall Wright, and R.A. Fisher applied previous work in genetic inheritance by investigators such as [[Thomas Hunt Morgan]] to quantitative models of allele behavior in populations such as the [[Hardy-Weinberg principle]].  With modern advances in [[molecular biology]], such as [[molecular cloning]], the [[polymerase chain reaction]], [[DNA fingerprinting]], and the completion of the [[human genome project]], population genetics has come to occupy a central role in biomedical research (where it has led to numerous life-saving discoveries in the past couple decades), [[evolutionary biology]], [[ecology]], and even seemingly distantly-related fields such as [[animal husbandry]], [[epidemiology]], [[paleoanthropology]], and [[archaeology]].