Difference between revisions of "October Revolution"
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The '''October Revolution''' or '''Bolshevik Revolution''', led by [[Bolshevik]] leader [[Vladimir Lenin]], took place in [[Russia]] in 1917. Lenin returned from exile when the [[czar|tsarist]] (czarist) rule ended and by a coup against the social-democratic government of [[Alexander Kerensky]] he led the Bolsheviks into power. | The '''October Revolution''' or '''Bolshevik Revolution''', led by [[Bolshevik]] leader [[Vladimir Lenin]], took place in [[Russia]] in 1917. Lenin returned from exile when the [[czar|tsarist]] (czarist) rule ended and by a coup against the social-democratic government of [[Alexander Kerensky]] he led the Bolsheviks into power. | ||
| − | The Congress of [[Soviet]]s, in 1917, was made up of representatives of local soviets which, in turn, were supposedly elected primarily by workers and peasants in the various local districts; in reality, the Bolsheviks secured the delegates by the use of violence and intimidation. In the Congress of Soviets which met at the beginning of November, 1917, the Bolshevik party had a majority. This Congress then declared itself to be "the government": that is to say, it claimed sovereignty and declared that sovereignty was no longer possessed by the [[Kerensky government]] which was based upon the remnants of the old Russian Duma and had been in power since the [[February Revolution]]. The Soviet Congress then proceeded to enact the chief initial measures of the new regime and to elect an executive - the Council of Commissars. <ref>James Burnham, ''The Managerial Revolution'', Indiana University Press, Bloomingham 1966. </ref> | + | The Congress of [[Soviet]]s, in 1917, was made up of representatives of local soviets which, in turn, were supposedly elected primarily by workers and peasants in the various local districts; in reality, the Bolsheviks secured the delegates by the use of violence and intimidation. In the Congress of Soviets which met at the beginning of November, 1917, the Bolshevik party had a majority. This Congress then declared itself to be "the government": that is to say, it claimed sovereignty and declared that sovereignty was no longer possessed by the [[Kerensky government]] which was based upon the remnants of the old Russian Duma and had been in power since the [[February Revolution]]. The Soviet Congress then proceeded to enact the chief initial measures of the new regime and to elect an executive - the Council of Commissars.<ref>James Burnham, ''The Managerial Revolution'', Indiana University Press, Bloomingham 1966.</ref> |
Lenin was dictator of the Soviet state under a system of [[Marxism-Leninism]], involving iron control of the party and the people, until his death in 1924. After his death, a power struggle between [[Leon Trotsky]] and [[Joseph Stalin]] ostracized Trotsky and brought Stalin to power. Stalin would eventually have Trotsky assassinated; and his increasing paranoia was manifested in a bloody series of [[purges]] from the mid 1930s onwards. | Lenin was dictator of the Soviet state under a system of [[Marxism-Leninism]], involving iron control of the party and the people, until his death in 1924. After his death, a power struggle between [[Leon Trotsky]] and [[Joseph Stalin]] ostracized Trotsky and brought Stalin to power. Stalin would eventually have Trotsky assassinated; and his increasing paranoia was manifested in a bloody series of [[purges]] from the mid 1930s onwards. | ||
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==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
| − | [[ | + | [[Category:Soviet Union]] |
[[Category:Russian History]] | [[Category:Russian History]] | ||
[[Category:Communism]] | [[Category:Communism]] | ||
Revision as of 06:45, June 27, 2016
The October Revolution or Bolshevik Revolution, led by Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin, took place in Russia in 1917. Lenin returned from exile when the tsarist (czarist) rule ended and by a coup against the social-democratic government of Alexander Kerensky he led the Bolsheviks into power.
The Congress of Soviets, in 1917, was made up of representatives of local soviets which, in turn, were supposedly elected primarily by workers and peasants in the various local districts; in reality, the Bolsheviks secured the delegates by the use of violence and intimidation. In the Congress of Soviets which met at the beginning of November, 1917, the Bolshevik party had a majority. This Congress then declared itself to be "the government": that is to say, it claimed sovereignty and declared that sovereignty was no longer possessed by the Kerensky government which was based upon the remnants of the old Russian Duma and had been in power since the February Revolution. The Soviet Congress then proceeded to enact the chief initial measures of the new regime and to elect an executive - the Council of Commissars.[1]
Lenin was dictator of the Soviet state under a system of Marxism-Leninism, involving iron control of the party and the people, until his death in 1924. After his death, a power struggle between Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin ostracized Trotsky and brought Stalin to power. Stalin would eventually have Trotsky assassinated; and his increasing paranoia was manifested in a bloody series of purges from the mid 1930s onwards.
Calendar confusion
- The confusion about the naming of the October or November Revolution is because at the time the Russians still used the Julian calendar, which meant that it was around a month behind the more modern states who used the Gregorian calendar, so for the other states the revolution occurred in November, but to the Russians it occurred in October.
- Bolshevik, in Russian, means majority, while Menshevik means minority.
References
- Pipes, Richard. A Concise History of the Russian Revolution (1996), by a leading conservative scholar excerpt and text search
Notes
- ↑ James Burnham, The Managerial Revolution, Indiana University Press, Bloomingham 1966.