Difference between revisions of "All Saints Day"
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| − | '''All Saints Day''' is a feast of Catholic Church observed on November 1. It celebrates the [[saint]]s collectively. [[Pope Gregory III]] | + | [[File:Calavera de la catrina.gif|"Calavera de la catrina" by Mexican artist Posada|thumb]]'''All Saints Day''' is a feast of the Catholic Church observed on November 1. It celebrates the [[saint]]s collectively. [[Pope Gregory III]] recognized the holiday around 731. [[Halloween]], shortened from All Hallow's Eve, got its name as the day before All Saints' Day. |
| − | In Spanish, the holiday is known as '' | + | In several countries, All Saints Day is celebrated together with All Souls Day (Nov. 2) as the [[Day of the Dead]]. In Spanish, the holiday is known as ''Dia de Muertos.'' In Portuguese, it is ''Dia dos Finados.''. Cartoonist José Guadalupe Posada (1851 - 1913) promoted this version of the holiday in Mexico. |
| − | + | Patriarch [[John Chrysostom]] (d. 407) put All Saints' Day on the Sunday after Pentecost. The Orthodox Church still celebrates on this date. | |
| − | The early church remembered saints and martyrs collectively on various dates. Ephrem the Syrian mentions a feast held on May 13 at Edessa around 359. Pope Bonifice IV dedicated the Pantheon in Rome to "Saint Mary and all the martyrs" on this date around 609.<ref>Smith, C., "All Saints' Day," ''New Catholic Encyclopedia'' (2003).<br/>In classical times, the Romans observed Lemuria on May 9, 11, and 13. A ''lemure'' is a restless spirit, similar to a vampire | + | |
| + | ==History== | ||
| + | The early church remembered saints and martyrs collectively on various dates. Ephrem the Syrian mentions a feast held on May 13 at Edessa around 359. Pope Bonifice IV dedicated the Pantheon in Rome to "Saint Mary and all the martyrs" on this date around 609.<ref>Smith, C., "All Saints' Day," ''New Catholic Encyclopedia'' (2003).<br/>In classical times, the Romans observed Lemuria on May 9, 11, and 13. A ''lemure'' is a restless spirit, similar to a vampire.</ref> | ||
Gregory III dedicated a chapel in St. Peter's Basilica to "all the saints" on November 1 around 731. The Northumbrian monk [[Bede]] promoted the new date in his ''Martyrology''. Around 835, Gregory IV asked Frankish Emperor [[Louis the Pious]] to proclaim a feast on this date.<ref>Strayer, Joseph R., "All Saints' Day," ''Dictionary of the Middle Ages'', (1983).<br/>Cross, F. L., and Livingstone, E. A., "All Saints' Day", ''The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church'' (1997).<br/>Smith, C., "All Saints' Day," ''New Catholic Encyclopedia'' (2003).<br/>Some authorities suggest that Gregory IV moved All Saints' Day from May 13 to November 1 to thin out Easter-related crowds in Rome. But May 13 continued to be observed as "All Martyrs' Day" until the 11th century.</ref> | Gregory III dedicated a chapel in St. Peter's Basilica to "all the saints" on November 1 around 731. The Northumbrian monk [[Bede]] promoted the new date in his ''Martyrology''. Around 835, Gregory IV asked Frankish Emperor [[Louis the Pious]] to proclaim a feast on this date.<ref>Strayer, Joseph R., "All Saints' Day," ''Dictionary of the Middle Ages'', (1983).<br/>Cross, F. L., and Livingstone, E. A., "All Saints' Day", ''The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church'' (1997).<br/>Smith, C., "All Saints' Day," ''New Catholic Encyclopedia'' (2003).<br/>Some authorities suggest that Gregory IV moved All Saints' Day from May 13 to November 1 to thin out Easter-related crowds in Rome. But May 13 continued to be observed as "All Martyrs' Day" until the 11th century.</ref> | ||
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All Saints' Day is mentioned by the ''Anglo-Saxon Chronicle'' in its entry for 1083.<ref>1083: O.E. Chron. (Laud MS.) Translated as "And in this same year departed Matilda, queen of King William, on the day after All-Hallow-mass." See "[https://avalon.law.yale.edu/medieval/ang11.asp The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: Eleventh Century]".</ref> | All Saints' Day is mentioned by the ''Anglo-Saxon Chronicle'' in its entry for 1083.<ref>1083: O.E. Chron. (Laud MS.) Translated as "And in this same year departed Matilda, queen of King William, on the day after All-Hallow-mass." See "[https://avalon.law.yale.edu/medieval/ang11.asp The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: Eleventh Century]".</ref> | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
Revision as of 18:12, November 4, 2021
All Saints Day is a feast of the Catholic Church observed on November 1. It celebrates the saints collectively. Pope Gregory III recognized the holiday around 731. Halloween, shortened from All Hallow's Eve, got its name as the day before All Saints' Day.
In several countries, All Saints Day is celebrated together with All Souls Day (Nov. 2) as the Day of the Dead. In Spanish, the holiday is known as Dia de Muertos. In Portuguese, it is Dia dos Finados.. Cartoonist José Guadalupe Posada (1851 - 1913) promoted this version of the holiday in Mexico.
Patriarch John Chrysostom (d. 407) put All Saints' Day on the Sunday after Pentecost. The Orthodox Church still celebrates on this date.
History
The early church remembered saints and martyrs collectively on various dates. Ephrem the Syrian mentions a feast held on May 13 at Edessa around 359. Pope Bonifice IV dedicated the Pantheon in Rome to "Saint Mary and all the martyrs" on this date around 609.[1]
Gregory III dedicated a chapel in St. Peter's Basilica to "all the saints" on November 1 around 731. The Northumbrian monk Bede promoted the new date in his Martyrology. Around 835, Gregory IV asked Frankish Emperor Louis the Pious to proclaim a feast on this date.[2]
All Saints' Day is mentioned by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle in its entry for 1083.[3]
References
- ↑ Smith, C., "All Saints' Day," New Catholic Encyclopedia (2003).
In classical times, the Romans observed Lemuria on May 9, 11, and 13. A lemure is a restless spirit, similar to a vampire. - ↑ Strayer, Joseph R., "All Saints' Day," Dictionary of the Middle Ages, (1983).
Cross, F. L., and Livingstone, E. A., "All Saints' Day", The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (1997).
Smith, C., "All Saints' Day," New Catholic Encyclopedia (2003).
Some authorities suggest that Gregory IV moved All Saints' Day from May 13 to November 1 to thin out Easter-related crowds in Rome. But May 13 continued to be observed as "All Martyrs' Day" until the 11th century. - ↑ 1083: O.E. Chron. (Laud MS.) Translated as "And in this same year departed Matilda, queen of King William, on the day after All-Hallow-mass." See "The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: Eleventh Century".
Sources
- The New American Desk Encyclopedia, Penguin Group, 1989.
- Dia de Muertos UNESCO In the Spotlight: Education and Culture. (Spanish-English)