Difference between revisions of "Gorsky memo"

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The '''Gorsky memo''' is an internal [[KI]] document, dated December 1948, written by [[Anatoly Gorsky]], chief of [[USSR|Soviet]] intelligence in the [[United States]] during [[World War II]]. It lists 43 Soviet sources and intelligence officers likely to have been identified to U.S. authorities following the defections of [[Whittaker Chambers]], [[Hede Massing]], [[Elizabeth Bentley]],  [[Louis Budenz]] and [[Igor Guzenko]]. It was discovered in the [[KGB]] files by former KGB agent Alexander Vassiliev during the brief opening after the fall of the [[Soviet Union]] in 1993-96, when he was permitted to make notes of some KGB archives. Vassiliev donated his notes the the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, which posted them online in 2009. The translation is by Philip Redko, with annotations by Vassiliev and Library of Congress Cold War historian John Earl Haynes.
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The '''Gorsky memo''' is an internal [[KI]] document, dated December 1948, written by [[Anatoly Gorsky]], chief of [[USSR|Soviet]] intelligence in the [[United States]] during [[World War II]]. It lists 43 Soviet sources and intelligence officers likely to have been identified to U.S. authorities following the defections of [[Whittaker Chambers]], [[Hede Massing]], [[Elizabeth Bentley]],  [[Louis Budenz]] and [[Alexander Koral]]. It was discovered in the [[KGB]] files by former KGB agent [[Alexander Vassiliev]] during the brief opening after the fall of the [[Soviet Union]] in 1993–96, when he was permitted to make notes of some KGB archives. The contents became public as part of ''Vassiliev v Frank Cass & Co Ltd.'', a 2003 libel case in the United Kingdom, identified as "transcript of KGB file 43173 vol.2 (v) pp. 49-55, attached to Alexander Vassiliev to Hartwig, 1 February 2002, in Alexander Vassiliev and Frank Cass & Co Ltd, High Court of Justice Queen's Bench Division Claim No. HQ1X03222, Amended Particulars of
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Claim." Vassiliev donated his original notes the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, which posted them online in 2009. The translation is by Philip Redko, with annotations by Vassiliev and Library of Congress Cold War historian [[John Earl Haynes]].
  
 
=Failures in the USA (1938-48)=
 
=Failures in the USA (1938-48)=
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==“Karl’s” group:==
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==“Karl’s” group==
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1. Karl – Whittaker Chambers, former editor in chief of “Time” magazine. Traitor.
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#Karl – [[Whittaker Chambers]], former editor in chief of “Time” magazine. Traitor.
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2. Jerome – Barna Bukov (Altman), our former cadre employee. Currently in the USSR.
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#Jerome – Barna Bukov (Altman), our former cadre employee. Currently in the USSR.
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3. Leonard – Alger Hiss, former employee of the State Dept.
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#Leonard – [[Alger Hiss]], former employee of the State Dept.
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4. Junior – Donald Hiss, former employee of the Dept. of the Interior
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#Junior – [[Donald Hiss]], former employee of the Dept. of the Interior
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5. 104th – Henry A. Wadleigh – former employee of the State Dept.
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#104th – [[Henry Wadleigh|Henry A. Wadleigh]] – former employee of the State Dept.
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6. 118th – F.V. Reno – former employee of the Aberdeen Proving Ground
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#118th – F.V. Reno – former employee of the Aberdeen Proving Ground
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7. 105th – Henry Collins, former employee of Dept. of Agriculture, at pres., director of the
+
#105th – [[Henry Collins]], former employee of Dept. of Agriculture, at pres., director of the American-Russian Institute in NY
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American-Russian Institute in NY
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#114th – [[Ward Pigman|William W. Pigman]], former employee of the Bureau of Standards
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8. 114th – William W. Pigman, former employee of the Bureau of Standards
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#“Storm” – [[J. Peters|Joseph Peters]] (a.k.a. Isadore Boorstein), former member of the Central Committee of the CP USA
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9. “Storm” – Joseph Peters (a.k.a. Isadore Boorstein), former member of the Central Committee
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#“Vig” – [[Lee Pressman]], former legal adviser of the Congress of Industrial Organizations
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of the CP USA
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#116th – Harry Azizov, former employee of a steel-smelting company in Chicago
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10. “Vig” – Lee Pressman, former legal adviser of the Congress of Industrial Organizations
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#101st – Peter MacLean, journalist and photoreporter, not used since '37
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11. 116th – Harry Azizov, former employee of a steel-smelting company in Chicago
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#103rd – David Carpenter, newspaper employee
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12. 101st – Peter MacLean, journalist and photoreporter, not used since '37
+
#107th – Felix Inslerman, place of employment unknown
−
13. 103rd – David Carpenter, newspaper employee
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#113th – Harry Rosenthal, employee of an insurance company in Philadelphia
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14. 107th – Felix Inslerman, place of employment unknown
+
#115th – Lester Hutm, former employee of the Frankford Arsenal
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15. 113th – Harry Rosenthal, employee of an insurance company in Philadelphia
+
#“Ernst” – [[Noel Field]], former employee of the State Dept.
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16. 115th – Lester Hutm, former employee of the Frankford Arsenal
+
#“Rupert” – V.V. Sveshnikov, former employee of the War Dept.
−
17. “Ernst” – Noel Field, former employee of the State Dept.
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#“Richard” – [[Harry Dexter White|Harry White]], former assistant to Sec. of the Treasury Morgenthau, died in ‘48
−
18. “Rupert” – V.V. Sveshnikov, former employee of the War Dept.
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#“Aileron” – [[George Silverman|G. Silverman]], former chief of the Planning and Statistics Division of the AAF
−
19. “Richard” – Harry White, former assistant to Sec. of the Treasury Morgenthau, died in ‘48
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#“Ruble” – [[Harold Glasser]], former director of the Monetary Division of the Dept. of the Treasury
−
20. “Aileron” – G. Silverman, former chief of the Planning and Statistics Division of the AAF
 
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21. “Ruble” – Harold Glasser, former director of the Monetary Division of the Dept. of the
 
−
Treasury
 
  
 
==“Redhead’s” group==
 
==“Redhead’s” group==
−
1. “Redhead” – Hedwiga Gumpertz, “Vatsek’s” wife. Sent to the USA in ’38 to carry out our
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#“Redhead” – [[Hede Massing|Hedwiga Gumpertz]], “Vatsek’s” wife. Sent to the US in ’38 to carry out our assignments. A traitor since ’48.
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assignments. A traitor since ’48.
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#“Vatsek” – Paul Massing, a scientist at the “Institute for Social Research” at Columbia University. Traitor.
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2. “Vatsek” – Paul Massing, a scientist at the “Institute for Social Research” at Columbia
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#“Oscar” – Oscar Bernstein, a lawyer, used for setting up covers for our workers in the USA.
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University. Traitor.
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#“Prince” – [[Laurence Duggan]] (a.k.a. 19) former employee of the State Dept. Suicide.
−
3. “Oscar” – Oscar Bernstein, a lawyer, used for setting up covers for our workers in the USA.
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#“Ruff” – [[Franz Neumann]], former consultant for the Research and Analysis Branch of the OSS.
−
4. “Prince” – Laurence Duggan (a.k.a. 19) former employee of the State Dept. Suicide.
+
#“Vardo” – E.Y. Zarubina, our former cadre employee. Currently in the USSR.
−
5. “Ruff” – Franz Neumann, former consultant for the Research and Analysis Branch of the OSS.
 
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6. “Vardo” – E.Y. Zarubina, our former cadre employee. Currently in the USSR.
 
  
 
==“Buben’s” group==
 
==“Buben’s” group==
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1. “Buben” – Louis Budenz, former member of the Central Committee of the CP USA, former editor
+
#“Buben” – [[Louis Budenz]], former member of the Central Committee of the CP USA, former editor of the “Daily Worker,” at pres., he is a professor at Fordham Catholic University.
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of the “Daily Worker,” at pres., he is a professor at Fordham Catholic University.
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#“Bob” – Robert Menaker, traveling salesman for various trade firms
−
2. “Bob” – Robert Menaker, traveling salesman for various trade firms
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#“Liberal” – Frank Palmer. Place of employment unknown. Former member of the CP USA, broke with the Comparty in ’37. “Buben” was recruited with his help.
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3. “Liberal” – Frank Palmer. Place of employment unknown. Former member of the CP USA,
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#“Chap” – Franklin Zalmond, no specific occupation. “Rita’s” husband. Used as a courier.
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broke with the Comparty in ’37. “Buben” was recruited with his help.
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#“Rita” – (a.k.a. “Satyr”). Sylvia Caldwell, tech. secretary for a Trotskyite group in NY
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4. “Chap” – Franklin Zalmond, no specific occupation. “Rita’s” husband. Used as a courier.
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#“Harry” – Rabinovich, our former cadre employee. Currently in the USSR.
−
5. “Rita” – (a.k.a. “Satyr”). Sylvia Caldwell, tech. secretary for a Trotskyite group in NY
 
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6. “Harry” – Rabinovich, our former cadre employee. Currently in the USSR.
 
  
 
==“Sound” and “Myrna’s” group==
 
==“Sound” and “Myrna’s” group==
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1. “Sound” – Jacob Golos (Raisin), our former illegal employee in the USA. Died in ’43.
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#“Sound” – [[Jacob Golos]] (Raisin), our former illegal employee in the USA. Died in ’43.
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2. “Myrna” – Elizabeth Bentley, former vice president of the “United States Service and Shipping
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#“Myrna” – [[Elizabeth Bentley]], former vice president of the “United States Service and Shipping Corporation.” A traitor since ’45.
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Corporation.” A traitor since ’45.
+
#“Tan” – [[Harry Magdoff]], former official at the Dept. of Commerce
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3. “Tan” – Harry Magdoff, former official at the Dept. of Commerce
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#“Ted” – Edward Fitzgerald, former official at the Dept. of Commerce
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4. “Ted” – Edward Fitzgerald, former official at the Dept. of Commerce
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#“Mole” – [[Charles Kramer]], former adviser to Senator Pepper.
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5. “Mole” – Charles Kramer, former adviser to Senator Pepper.
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#“Izra” – [[Donald Wheeler]], former OSS official
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6. “Izra” – Donald Wheeler, former OSS official
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#“Sid” – [[Allan Rosenberg]], former Foreign Economic Administration official
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7. “Sid” – Allan Rosenberg, former Foreign Economic Administration official
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#“Dan” – [[Stanley Graze]], State Dept. intelligence employee
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8. “Dan” – Stanley Graze, State Dept. intelligence employee
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#“Arena” – [[Gerald Graze]], “Dan’s” brother, former employee of the War Dept.
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9. “Arena” – Gerald Graze, “Dan’s” brother, former employee of the War Dept.
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#“Boy” – [[Charles Flato]], former employee of the Foreign Economic Administration
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10. “Boy” – Charles Flato, former employee of the Foreign Economic Administration
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#“Raid” – [[Victor Perlo]], former War Production Board official
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11. “Raid” – Victor Perlo, former War Production Board official
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#“Robert” – [[Gregory Silvermaster]], former official of the Reconstruction Financial Corporation at the Dept. of Commerce
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12. “Robert” – Gregory Silvermaster, former official of the Reconstruction Financial Corporation at
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#“Vim” (a.k.a. “Page”) – [[Lauchlin Currie]], former aide to President Roosevelt
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the Dept. of Commerce
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#“Peak” – [[Frank Coe]], former chief of the Monetary Section of the Dept. of the Treasury
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13. “Vim” (a.k.a. “Page”) – Lauchlin Currie, former aide to President Roosevelt
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#“Acorn” – [[Bela Gold]], former Dept. of Commerce official
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14. “Peak” – Frank Coe, former chief of the Monetary Section of the Dept. of the Treasury
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#“Zhenya” – Sonia Gold, former secretary to the chief of the Monetary Research Division of the Dept. of the Treasury
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15. “Acorn” – Bela Gold, former Dept. of Commerce official
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#“Tino” – [[Irving Kaplan]], former employee of the Foreign Economic Administration
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16. “Zhenya” – Sonia Gold, former secretary to the chief of the Monetary Research Division of the
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#“Sachs” – [[Solomon Adler]], former employee of the U.S. Dept. of the Treasury
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Dept. of the Treasury
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#“Pilot” – [[William Ludwig Ullman|Ludwig Ullman]], former employee of the U.S. Dept. of War
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17. “Tino” – Irving Kaplan, former employee of the Foreign Economic Administration
+
#“Bak” – [[David Weintraub]], former employee of the UNRRA
−
18. “Sachs” – Solomon Adler, former employee of the U.S. Dept. of the Treasury
+
#“X” – [[Joseph Katz]], our old agent/group handler, co-owner of a cover that we set up — a glovemaking factory. Currently in Italy, forming a company on our instructions to cover the illegal courier line between Europe and the USA.
−
p.53 19. “Pilot” – Ludwig Ullman, former employee of the U.S. Dept. of War
+
#“Adam” – Eva Getzov, employee of the “Jewish Welfare Board”
−
20. “Bak” – David Weintraub, former employee of the UNRRA
+
#“Hare” – [[Maurice Halperin]], former OSS employee
−
21. “X” – Joseph Katz, our old agent/group handler, co-owner of a cover that we set up — a glovemaking factory. Currently in Italy, forming a company on our
+
#“Koch” – [[Duncan Lee]], former OSS employee
−
instructions to cover the illegal courier line between Europe and the USA.
+
#“Muse” – [[Helen Tenney]], former OSS employee
−
22. “Adam” – Eva Getzov, employee of the “Jewish Welfare Board”
+
#“Flora” – [[Ruth Rivkin]], f. UNRRA employee
−
23. “Hare” – Maurice Halperin, former OSS employee
+
#“Mon” – Bernard Redmont, f. employee of the “Rockefeller Committee”
−
24. “Koch” – Duncan Lee, former OSS employee
+
#“Mirage” – [[Robert Miller]], f. State Dept. official
−
25. “Muse” – Helen Tenney, former OSS employee
+
#“Dir” – [[Mary Price]], f. secretary to American journalist Lippmann
−
26. “Flora” – Ruth Rivkin, f. UNRRA employee
+
#“Gor” – [[Joseph Gregg]], f. “Rockefeller Committee” official
−
27. “Mon” – Bernard Redmont, f. employee of the “Rockefeller Committee”
+
#“Fedya” – [[William Remington]], f. War Production Board official
−
28. “Mirage” – Robert Miller, f. State Dept. official
+
#“Cautious” – [[Julius Joseph]], f. OSS employee
−
29. “Dir” – Mary Price, f. secretary to American journalist Lippmann
+
#“Echo” – S. Schuster, staff member of the Central Committee of the CP USA
−
30. “Gor” – Joseph Gregg, f. “Rockefeller Committee” official
+
#“Irma” – [[Ray Elson]], f. vice president of the “United States Service and Shipping Corporation”
−
31. “Fedya” – William Remington, f. War Production Board official
+
#“Grin” – John Spivak, journalist, used on the Trotskyites until ’41
−
32. “Cautious” – Julius Joseph, f. OSS employee
+
#“Vadim” – [[Anatoly Gorsky|A.V. Gorsky]], f. station chief of the MGB USSR in Washington, currently in the USSR.
−
33. “Echo” – S. Schuster, staff member of the Central Committee of the CP USA
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#“Lucy” – Pravdina, f. Amtorg employee, wife of the former station chief in NY, “Sergey.” Currently in the USSR.
−
34. “Irma” – Ray Elson, f. vice president of the “United States Service and Shipping Corporation”
+
#“Sergey” – [[Vladimir Pravdin|V. Pravdin]], f. station chief of the MGB USSR in NY. Currently in the USSR.
−
35. “Grin” – John Spivak, journalist, used on the Trotskyites until ’41
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#“Stock” – our cadre employee M. Shalyapin. Currently in the USSR.
−
35. “Vadim” – A.V. Gorsky, f. station chief of the MGB USSR in Washington, currently in the USSR.
+
#“Gennady” – [[Gaik Ovakimian|G.B. Ovakimyan]], f. station chief of the MGB USSR in NY. Currently in the USSR.
−
36. “Lucy” – Pravdina, f. Amtorg employee, wife of the former station chief in NY, “Sergey.”
+
#“Albert” – [[Ishkak Akhmerov|A.I. Akhmerov]], f. illegal station chief of the MGB in NY. Currently in the USSR.
−
Currently in the USSR.
+
#“Elsa” – Akhmerova, Albert's wife, American, a Soviet citizen. Currently in the USSR.
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37. “Sergey” – V. Pravdin, f. station chief of the MGB USSR in NY. Currently in the USSR.
+
#“Mushroom” – [[Willard Park]], f. employee of the “Rockefeller Committee”
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38. “Stock” – our cadre employee M. Shalyapin. Currently in the USSR.
+
#“Charlie” – [[Cedric Belfrage]], f. employee of the English intelligence station in NY. At pres., he is a
−
39. “Gennady” – G.B. Ovakimyan, f. station chief of the MGB USSR in NY. Currently in the USSR.
 
−
40. “Albert” – A.I. Akhmerov, f. illegal station chief of the MGB in NY. Currently in the USSR.
 
−
41. “Elsa” – Akhmerova, Albert’s wife, American, a Soviet citizen. Currently in the USSR.
 
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42. “Mushroom” – Willard Park, f. employee of the “Rockefeller Committee”
 
−
43. “Charlie” – Cedric Belfrage, f. employee of the English intelligence station in NY. At pres., he is a
 
 
journalist.
 
journalist.
  
 
==“Berg” and “Art’s” group==
 
==“Berg” and “Art’s” group==
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1. “Berg” – Alexander Koral, f. engineer of the municipality of NY
+
#“Berg” – [[Alexander Koral]], f. engineer of the municipality of NY
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2. “Art” – Helen Koral, “Berg’s” wife. Housewife.
+
#“Art” – Helen Koral, “Berg’s” wife. Housewife.
−
3. “San” – Richard Koral, son. Student.
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#“San” – Richard Koral, son. Student.
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4. “Long” –Norman Hait, engineer for the “Sperry Gyroscope Company” in New Jersey.
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#“Long” –Norman Hait, engineer for the “Sperry Gyroscope Company” in New Jersey.
−
p.55 5. “Smart” – Elliot Goldberg, engineer for an oil equipment manufacturing company in NY.
+
#“Smart” – Elliot Goldberg, engineer for an oil equipment manufacturing company in NY.
−
6. “Huron” – Byron T. Darling, engineer for the “Rubber” Company
+
#“Huron” – Byron T. Darling, engineer for the “Rubber” Company
−
7. “Teacher” – Melamed, teacher at a music school in NY
+
#“Teacher” – Melamed, teacher at a music school in NY
−
8. “Cora” – Emma Phillips, housewife
+
#“Cora” – Emma Phillips, housewife
−
9. “Lok” – Sylvia Koral, former employee of the Code Section of the Office of War Information.
+
#“Lok” – Sylvia Koral, former employee of the Code Section of the Office of War Information.
−
10. “Siskin” – Eduardo Pequeño, businessman in Caracas (Venezuela)
+
#“Siskin” – Eduardo Pequeño, businessman in Caracas (Venezuela)
−
11. “Express Messenger” – Richard Setaro, journalist/writer, f. employee of the “Columbia
+
#“Express Messenger” – Richard Setaro, journalist/writer, f. employee of the “Columbia Broadcasting System.” Currently in Buenos Aires.
−
Broadcasting System.” Currently in Buenos Aires.
+
#“Artem” – A. Slavyagin, our cadre employee. Currently in the USSR.
−
12. “Artem” – A. Slavyagin, our cadre employee. Currently in the USSR.
+
#“Twain” – S.M. Semenov, station chief of KI tech. intelligence in Paris. At pres.- on leave in Moscow.
−
13. “Twain” – S.M. Semenov, station chief of KI tech. intelligence in Paris. At pres.- on leave in
+
#“Aleksey”– A.A. Yatskov, our cadre employee, currently in the USSR.
−
Moscow.
+
#“Julia” – O.V. Shimmel, our cadre employee, currently in the USSR.
−
14. “Aleksey”– A.A. Yatskov, our cadre employee, currently in the USSR.
+
#“Shah” – K.A. Chugunov, our cadre employee, currently in the USSR.
−
15. “Julia” – O.V. Shimmel, our cadre employee, currently in the USSR.
 
−
16. “Shah” – K.A. Chugunov, our cadre employee, currently in the USSR.
 
  
 +
==Signature and Date==
 
A. Gorsky (Dec. ’48)
 
A. Gorsky (Dec. ’48)
  
−
==Source==
+
==Sources==
−
* Alexander Vassiliev, Black Notebook ([http://www.wilsoncenter.org/index.cfm?topic_id=1409&fuseaction=topics.documents&group_id=511603 The Vassiliev Notebooks], Cold War International History Project, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars)
+
* Alexander Vassiliev, Black Notebook ([https://web.archive.org/web/20090630062819/http://www.wilsoncenter.org/index.cfm?topic_id=1409&fuseaction=topics.documents&group_id=511603 The Vassiliev Notebooks] (Archive), Cold War International History Project, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars)
−
:* [http://www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/docs/Black%20Notebook%20Original.pdf Original], p. 39
+
:* [http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/Black%2520Notebook%2520Original.pdf Original], pp. 39-40
−
:* [http://www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/docs/Black%20Notebook%20Transcribed.pdf Transcribed], p. 77
+
:* [http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/Black%2520Notebook%2520Transcribed.pdf Transcribed], pp. 77-79
−
:* [http://www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/docs/Black%20Notebook%20Translated1.pdf Translated] p. 77
+
:* [http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/Black%2520Notebook%2520Translated1.pdf Translated] pp. 77-79
 
* See also:
 
* See also:
−
:* Ronald Bachman and Harold Leich (tr.), with John Earl Haynes, [http://h-net.msu.edu/cgi-bin/logbrowse.pl?trx=vx&list=h-hoac&month=0503&week=b&msg=ycrsVT7M1e2L9EECiLFskg&user=&pw= Alexander Vassiliev's Notes on Anatoly Gorsky's December 1948 Memo on Compromised American Sources and Networks], History of American Communism (H-HOAC) Discussion Network, March 14, 2005
+
:* Gorsky Symposium, History of American Communism (H-HOAC) Discussion Network, March 14–20, 2005
−
:* David Lowenthal with Svetlana A. Chervonnaya, [http://hnn.us/articles/11581.html Gorsky Report: Dec 23, 1949], History News Network (George Mason University), May 2, 2005
+
::* Ronald Bachman and Harold Leich (tr.), with John Earl Haynes, [http://h-net.msu.edu/cgi-bin/logbrowse.pl?trx=vx&list=h-hoac&month=0503&week=b&msg=ycrsVT7M1e2L9EECiLFskg&user=&pw= Alexander Vassiliev's Notes on Anatoly Gorsky's December 1948 Memo on Compromised American Sources and Networks], March 14, 2005
 +
::* Svetlana Chervonnaya, [http://h-net.msu.edu/cgi-bin/logbrowse.pl?trx=vx&list=h-hoac&month=0503&week=c&msg=czBexT36qyqr0oCHBC%2b8sQ&user=&pw= Gorsky memo], March 15, 2005
 +
:* The Alger Hiss Story: Search for the Truth
 +
::*[http://homepages.nyu.edu/~th15/gorskynotesscans.html Scans of Vassiliev's notes on "Gorsky's List"],
 +
::* [http://homepages.nyu.edu/~th15/gorskytransliteration.html "Gorsky's List" Transliterated], March–April 2005
 +
::* [http://homepages.nyu.edu/~th15/gorskylist.html "Gorsky's List"], April 2005
 +
:* David Lowenthal with Svetlana A. Chervonnaya, [http://hnn.us/articles/11581.html Gorsky Report], History News Network (George Mason University), May 2, 2005
 +
 
 +
[[Category:KGB]]
 +
[[Category:Cold War]]

Latest revision as of 14:57, April 28, 2026

The Gorsky memo is an internal KI document, dated December 1948, written by Anatoly Gorsky, chief of Soviet intelligence in the United States during World War II. It lists 43 Soviet sources and intelligence officers likely to have been identified to U.S. authorities following the defections of Whittaker Chambers, Hede Massing, Elizabeth Bentley, Louis Budenz and Alexander Koral. It was discovered in the KGB files by former KGB agent Alexander Vassiliev during the brief opening after the fall of the Soviet Union in 1993–96, when he was permitted to make notes of some KGB archives. The contents became public as part of Vassiliev v Frank Cass & Co Ltd., a 2003 libel case in the United Kingdom, identified as "transcript of KGB file 43173 vol.2 (v) pp. 49-55, attached to Alexander Vassiliev to Hartwig, 1 February 2002, in Alexander Vassiliev and Frank Cass & Co Ltd, High Court of Justice Queen's Bench Division Claim No. HQ1X03222, Amended Particulars of Claim." Vassiliev donated his original notes the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, which posted them online in 2009. The translation is by Philip Redko, with annotations by Vassiliev and Library of Congress Cold War historian John Earl Haynes.

Failures in the USA (1938-48)

“Karl’s” group

  1. Karl – Whittaker Chambers, former editor in chief of “Time” magazine. Traitor.
  2. Jerome – Barna Bukov (Altman), our former cadre employee. Currently in the USSR.
  3. Leonard – Alger Hiss, former employee of the State Dept.
  4. Junior – Donald Hiss, former employee of the Dept. of the Interior
  5. 104th – Henry A. Wadleigh – former employee of the State Dept.
  6. 118th – F.V. Reno – former employee of the Aberdeen Proving Ground
  7. 105th – Henry Collins, former employee of Dept. of Agriculture, at pres., director of the American-Russian Institute in NY
  8. 114th – William W. Pigman, former employee of the Bureau of Standards
  9. “Storm” – Joseph Peters (a.k.a. Isadore Boorstein), former member of the Central Committee of the CP USA
  10. “Vig” – Lee Pressman, former legal adviser of the Congress of Industrial Organizations
  11. 116th – Harry Azizov, former employee of a steel-smelting company in Chicago
  12. 101st – Peter MacLean, journalist and photoreporter, not used since '37
  13. 103rd – David Carpenter, newspaper employee
  14. 107th – Felix Inslerman, place of employment unknown
  15. 113th – Harry Rosenthal, employee of an insurance company in Philadelphia
  16. 115th – Lester Hutm, former employee of the Frankford Arsenal
  17. “Ernst” – Noel Field, former employee of the State Dept.
  18. “Rupert” – V.V. Sveshnikov, former employee of the War Dept.
  19. “Richard” – Harry White, former assistant to Sec. of the Treasury Morgenthau, died in ‘48
  20. “Aileron” – G. Silverman, former chief of the Planning and Statistics Division of the AAF
  21. “Ruble” – Harold Glasser, former director of the Monetary Division of the Dept. of the Treasury

“Redhead’s” group

  1. “Redhead” – Hedwiga Gumpertz, “Vatsek’s” wife. Sent to the US in ’38 to carry out our assignments. A traitor since ’48.
  2. “Vatsek” – Paul Massing, a scientist at the “Institute for Social Research” at Columbia University. Traitor.
  3. “Oscar” – Oscar Bernstein, a lawyer, used for setting up covers for our workers in the USA.
  4. “Prince” – Laurence Duggan (a.k.a. 19) former employee of the State Dept. Suicide.
  5. “Ruff” – Franz Neumann, former consultant for the Research and Analysis Branch of the OSS.
  6. “Vardo” – E.Y. Zarubina, our former cadre employee. Currently in the USSR.

“Buben’s” group

  1. “Buben” – Louis Budenz, former member of the Central Committee of the CP USA, former editor of the “Daily Worker,” at pres., he is a professor at Fordham Catholic University.
  2. “Bob” – Robert Menaker, traveling salesman for various trade firms
  3. “Liberal” – Frank Palmer. Place of employment unknown. Former member of the CP USA, broke with the Comparty in ’37. “Buben” was recruited with his help.
  4. “Chap” – Franklin Zalmond, no specific occupation. “Rita’s” husband. Used as a courier.
  5. “Rita” – (a.k.a. “Satyr”). Sylvia Caldwell, tech. secretary for a Trotskyite group in NY
  6. “Harry” – Rabinovich, our former cadre employee. Currently in the USSR.

“Sound” and “Myrna’s” group

  1. “Sound” – Jacob Golos (Raisin), our former illegal employee in the USA. Died in ’43.
  2. “Myrna” – Elizabeth Bentley, former vice president of the “United States Service and Shipping Corporation.” A traitor since ’45.
  3. “Tan” – Harry Magdoff, former official at the Dept. of Commerce
  4. “Ted” – Edward Fitzgerald, former official at the Dept. of Commerce
  5. “Mole” – Charles Kramer, former adviser to Senator Pepper.
  6. “Izra” – Donald Wheeler, former OSS official
  7. “Sid” – Allan Rosenberg, former Foreign Economic Administration official
  8. “Dan” – Stanley Graze, State Dept. intelligence employee
  9. “Arena” – Gerald Graze, “Dan’s” brother, former employee of the War Dept.
  10. “Boy” – Charles Flato, former employee of the Foreign Economic Administration
  11. “Raid” – Victor Perlo, former War Production Board official
  12. “Robert” – Gregory Silvermaster, former official of the Reconstruction Financial Corporation at the Dept. of Commerce
  13. “Vim” (a.k.a. “Page”) – Lauchlin Currie, former aide to President Roosevelt
  14. “Peak” – Frank Coe, former chief of the Monetary Section of the Dept. of the Treasury
  15. “Acorn” – Bela Gold, former Dept. of Commerce official
  16. “Zhenya” – Sonia Gold, former secretary to the chief of the Monetary Research Division of the Dept. of the Treasury
  17. “Tino” – Irving Kaplan, former employee of the Foreign Economic Administration
  18. “Sachs” – Solomon Adler, former employee of the U.S. Dept. of the Treasury
  19. “Pilot” – Ludwig Ullman, former employee of the U.S. Dept. of War
  20. “Bak” – David Weintraub, former employee of the UNRRA
  21. “X” – Joseph Katz, our old agent/group handler, co-owner of a cover that we set up — a glovemaking factory. Currently in Italy, forming a company on our instructions to cover the illegal courier line between Europe and the USA.
  22. “Adam” – Eva Getzov, employee of the “Jewish Welfare Board”
  23. “Hare” – Maurice Halperin, former OSS employee
  24. “Koch” – Duncan Lee, former OSS employee
  25. “Muse” – Helen Tenney, former OSS employee
  26. “Flora” – Ruth Rivkin, f. UNRRA employee
  27. “Mon” – Bernard Redmont, f. employee of the “Rockefeller Committee”
  28. “Mirage” – Robert Miller, f. State Dept. official
  29. “Dir” – Mary Price, f. secretary to American journalist Lippmann
  30. “Gor” – Joseph Gregg, f. “Rockefeller Committee” official
  31. “Fedya” – William Remington, f. War Production Board official
  32. “Cautious” – Julius Joseph, f. OSS employee
  33. “Echo” – S. Schuster, staff member of the Central Committee of the CP USA
  34. “Irma” – Ray Elson, f. vice president of the “United States Service and Shipping Corporation”
  35. “Grin” – John Spivak, journalist, used on the Trotskyites until ’41
  36. “Vadim” – A.V. Gorsky, f. station chief of the MGB USSR in Washington, currently in the USSR.
  37. “Lucy” – Pravdina, f. Amtorg employee, wife of the former station chief in NY, “Sergey.” Currently in the USSR.
  38. “Sergey” – V. Pravdin, f. station chief of the MGB USSR in NY. Currently in the USSR.
  39. “Stock” – our cadre employee M. Shalyapin. Currently in the USSR.
  40. “Gennady” – G.B. Ovakimyan, f. station chief of the MGB USSR in NY. Currently in the USSR.
  41. “Albert” – A.I. Akhmerov, f. illegal station chief of the MGB in NY. Currently in the USSR.
  42. “Elsa” – Akhmerova, Albert's wife, American, a Soviet citizen. Currently in the USSR.
  43. “Mushroom” – Willard Park, f. employee of the “Rockefeller Committee”
  44. “Charlie” – Cedric Belfrage, f. employee of the English intelligence station in NY. At pres., he is a

journalist.

“Berg” and “Art’s” group

  1. “Berg” – Alexander Koral, f. engineer of the municipality of NY
  2. “Art” – Helen Koral, “Berg’s” wife. Housewife.
  3. “San” – Richard Koral, son. Student.
  4. “Long” –Norman Hait, engineer for the “Sperry Gyroscope Company” in New Jersey.
  5. “Smart” – Elliot Goldberg, engineer for an oil equipment manufacturing company in NY.
  6. “Huron” – Byron T. Darling, engineer for the “Rubber” Company
  7. “Teacher” – Melamed, teacher at a music school in NY
  8. “Cora” – Emma Phillips, housewife
  9. “Lok” – Sylvia Koral, former employee of the Code Section of the Office of War Information.
  10. “Siskin” – Eduardo Pequeño, businessman in Caracas (Venezuela)
  11. “Express Messenger” – Richard Setaro, journalist/writer, f. employee of the “Columbia Broadcasting System.” Currently in Buenos Aires.
  12. “Artem” – A. Slavyagin, our cadre employee. Currently in the USSR.
  13. “Twain” – S.M. Semenov, station chief of KI tech. intelligence in Paris. At pres.- on leave in Moscow.
  14. “Aleksey”– A.A. Yatskov, our cadre employee, currently in the USSR.
  15. “Julia” – O.V. Shimmel, our cadre employee, currently in the USSR.
  16. “Shah” – K.A. Chugunov, our cadre employee, currently in the USSR.

Signature and Date

A. Gorsky (Dec. ’48)

Sources

  • Alexander Vassiliev, Black Notebook (The Vassiliev Notebooks (Archive), Cold War International History Project, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars)
  • See also:
  • Gorsky Symposium, History of American Communism (H-HOAC) Discussion Network, March 14–20, 2005
  • The Alger Hiss Story: Search for the Truth
  • David Lowenthal with Svetlana A. Chervonnaya, Gorsky Report, History News Network (George Mason University), May 2, 2005
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