Difference between revisions of "America First Committee"

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The '''American First Committee''' was an [[isolationist]] organization that opposed [[United States]] involvement in [[World War II]].  Founded by [[R. Douglas Stuart, Jr.]] in September 1940, its supporters grew to number 800,000 including the [[Hearst newspapers]], Sen. [[Robert M. LaFollette, Jr.]], [[Socialist]] leader [[Norman Thomas]], and aviation hero [[Charles Lindbergh]].  
 
The '''American First Committee''' was an [[isolationist]] organization that opposed [[United States]] involvement in [[World War II]].  Founded by [[R. Douglas Stuart, Jr.]] in September 1940, its supporters grew to number 800,000 including the [[Hearst newspapers]], Sen. [[Robert M. LaFollette, Jr.]], [[Socialist]] leader [[Norman Thomas]], and aviation hero [[Charles Lindbergh]].  
  
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Sen. LaFollette remarked after the collapse of the [[Communazi pact]] when [[Hitler]] invaded the [[Soviet Union]] in 1941,  
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The committee collapsed after Japan [[Attack on Pearl Harbor|attacked Pearl Harbor]] on December 7, 1941.  It had been thoroughly discredited and most of the activists reversed positions. Intervenionists for years attacked their opponents as "America Firsters".
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:"The fighting [[interventionist]]s will now put on the greatest whitewash in history. The American people will be told to forget the [[Great Purge|purges]], the [[OGPU]], the confiscation of property, the [[persecution]] of [[religion]], the [[World_War_II#Finnish_War|invasion of Finland]], the [[World_War_II#Polish_Partition|seizing of half of Poland]], and all of [[Western_betrayal#Baltic_States|Latvia, Estonia and Lithuania]]. These will be made to seem the acts of a [[democracy]] fighting Hitler."<ref>''[[New York Times]]'', June 23, 1941.  Quoted in ''While You Slept : Our Tragedy in Asia and Who Made It'', John T. Flynn,  New York : The Devin - Adair Company, 1951, [http://www.mises.org/books/whileyouslept.pdf pg. 55] pdf.</ref>
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==Supporters==
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The movement was quite weak in the South, where both liberals and conservatives (and whites and blacks) supported FDR's foreign policy. America First did try to organize local chapters in the South, sponsor noninterventionist rallies, distribute pamphlets and solicit cash. None of the chapters became effective units and no major rallies were held in the South.<ref> See Wayne S. Cole, "America First and the South, 1940-1941." ''Journal of Southern History'' 1956 22(1): 36-47. [http://www.jstor.org/stable/2955258  in JSTOR]</ref>
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==See also==
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*[[Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies]], 1940
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==Bibliography==
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* [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=98186825 Cole, Wayne S. ''Charles A. Lindbergh and the Battle against American Intervention in World War II'' (1974)]
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* [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=85979197 Cole, Wayne S. ''America First: The Battle against Intervention, 1940-41'' (1953)]
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* Doenecke, Justus D. ''The Battle Against Intervention, 1939-1941'' (1997), includes short narrative and primary documents.
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* Doenecke, Justus D. ''Storm on the Horizon: The Challenge to American Intervention, 1939-1941'' (2000).
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* Doenecke, Justus D. "American Isolationism, 1939-1941" Journal of Libertarian Studies, Summer/Fall 1982, 6(3), pp. 201-216. [http://www.mises.org/journals/jls/6_3/6_3_1.pdf  online version]
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* Doenecke, Justus D. "Explaining the Antiwar Movement, 1939-1941: The Next Assignment" Journal of Libertarian Studies, Winter 1986, 8(1), pp. 139-162. [http://www.mises.org/journals/jls/8_1/8_1_10.pdf online version]
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* Doenecke, Justus D. "Literature of Isolationism, 1972-1983: A Bibliographic Guide" Journal of Libertarian Studies, Spring 1983, 7(1), pp. 157-184. [http://www.mises.org/journals/jls/7_1/7_1_10.pdf  online version]
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* Doenecke, Justus D. "Anti-Interventionism of Herbert Hoover" Journal of Libertarian Studies, Summer 1987, 8(2), pp. 311-340. [http://www.mises.org/journals/jls/8_2/8_2_10.pdf online version]
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* Gordon, David. ''America First: the Anti-War Movement, Charles Lindbergh and the Second World War, 1940-1941''; [http://libraryautomation.com/nymas/americafirst.html presentation] to The [[New York Military Affairs Symposium]] in 2003
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* Jonas, Manfred. ''Isolationism in America, 1935-1941'' (1966).
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* S. Everett Gleason and William L. Langer; ''The Undeclared War, 1940-1941'' 1953 Policy toward war in Europe; pro FDR
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* Kauffman, Bill, ''America First! Its History, Culture, and Politics'' (1995)  ISBN 0-87975-956-9
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* Parmet, Herbert S.,  and Marie B. Hecht; ''Never Again: A President Runs for a Third Term'' 1968.
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* [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=105486029 Schneider, James C. ''Should America Go to War? The Debate over Foreign Policy in Chicago, 1939-1941'' (1989)]
  
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The committee collapsed after [[Japan]] [[Attack on Pearl Harbor|attacked Pearl Harbor]].
 
  
 
== References ==
 
== References ==
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
  
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The New American Desk Encyclopedia, Penguin Group, 1989
 
  
 
[[Category: World War II]]
 
[[Category: World War II]]
 
[[Category:United States Political Organizations]]
 
[[Category:United States Political Organizations]]

Revision as of 10:26, May 15, 2009

The American First Committee was an isolationist organization that opposed United States involvement in World War II. Founded by R. Douglas Stuart, Jr. in September 1940, its supporters grew to number 800,000 including the Hearst newspapers, Sen. Robert M. LaFollette, Jr., Socialist leader Norman Thomas, and aviation hero Charles Lindbergh.

The committee collapsed after Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. It had been thoroughly discredited and most of the activists reversed positions. Intervenionists for years attacked their opponents as "America Firsters".

Supporters

The movement was quite weak in the South, where both liberals and conservatives (and whites and blacks) supported FDR's foreign policy. America First did try to organize local chapters in the South, sponsor noninterventionist rallies, distribute pamphlets and solicit cash. None of the chapters became effective units and no major rallies were held in the South.[1]

See also

Bibliography


References

  1. ↑ See Wayne S. Cole, "America First and the South, 1940-1941." Journal of Southern History 1956 22(1): 36-47. in JSTOR
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