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'''Pi''', or '''[[Archimedes]]' constant''', is the most important number in all of [[mathematics]] and engineering.  It is defined as the [[ratio]] of the [[circumference]] of a [[circle]] to its [[diameter]], and represented by the Greek letter '''<big><math>\pi</math></big>'''.  It was first used with its current meaning in 1706 by a [[Welsh]] mathematician, William Jones,<ref name="hist">{{cite web

'''Pi''', or '''[[Archimedes]]' constant''', is the most important number in all of [[mathematics]] and engineering.  It is defined as the [[ratio]] of the [[circumference]] of a [[circle]] to its [[diameter]], and represented by the Greek letter '''<big><math>\pi</math></big>'''.  It was first used with its current meaning in 1706 by a [[Welsh]] mathematician, William Jones,<ref name="hist">{{cite web

| url = http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/HistTopics/Pi_through_the_ages.html  

| url = http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/HistTopics/Pi_through_the_ages.html  

| title = A history or Pi

| title = A history or Pi

| accessdate = 2012-02-11}}</ref> who selected  '''<big><math>\pi</math></big>''' because it is the first letter of the [[Greek]] word for [[perimeter]] (''περίμετρος''), i.e. the circumference of a circle is its perimeter.  A [[Swiss]] mathematician, [[Leonhard Euler]], then popularized the notation in 1737 as he did for other symbols.<ref>https://www.historytoday.com/archive/feature/man-who-invented-pi</ref>  The [[infinite]] length of ostensibly [[random]] decimal points in <math>\pi</math> lead to the assumption that pi is a [[normal number]]: it contains every possible finite sequence of digits, and therefore, every birthday, even the equivalent of every book ever written.  Simply stated, '''''pi contains pi'''''.

| accessdate = 2012-02-11}}</ref> who selected  '''<big><math>\pi</math></big>''' because it is the first letter of the [[Greek]] word for [[perimeter]] (''περίμετρος''), i.e. the circumference of a circle is its perimeter.  A [[Swiss]] mathematician, [[Leonhard Euler]], then popularized the notation in 1737 as he did for other symbols.<ref>https://www.historytoday.com/archive/feature/man-who-invented-pi</ref>  The [[infinite]] length of ostensibly [[random]] decimal points in <math>\pi</math> lead to the assumption that pi is a [[normal number]]: it contains every possible finite sequence of digits, and therefore, every birthday, even the equivalent of every book ever written.  Simply stated, '''''[[Talk:Pi#Pi_contains_pi|Pi contains pi]]'''''.

<big><math>\pi</math></big> is referenced in the [[Bible]], literature, and even as the title of a movie.  It is central to the most famous identity in all of mathematics:  [[Euler's Formula|Euler's Identity]].

<big><math>\pi</math></big> is referenced in the [[Bible]], literature, and even as the title of a movie.  It is central to the most famous identity in all of mathematics:  [[Euler's Formula|Euler's Identity]].