Difference between revisions of "Pope"

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#Stephen II (752)
 
#Stephen II (752)
 
#Paul I (757)
 
#Paul I (757)
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#Stephen III  
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#Stephen III (768)
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#Adrian I  
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#Adrian I (772)
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#Leo III
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#Leo III (795)
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#Stephen IV  
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#Stephen IV (816)
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#Paschal I  
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#Paschal I (817)
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#Eugene II  
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#Eugene II (824)
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#Valentine  
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#Valentine (827)
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#Gregory IV  
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#Gregory IV (827)
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#Sergius II  
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#Sergius II (844)
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#Leo IV  
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#Leo IV (847)
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#Benedict III  
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#Benedict III (855)
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#Nicholas I  
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#Nicholas I (858)
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#Adrian II  
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#Adrian II (867)
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#John VIII  
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#John VIII (872)
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#Marinus I  
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#Marinus I (882)
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#Adrian III  
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#Adrian III (884)
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#Stephen V  
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#Stephen V (885)
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#Formosus  
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#Formosus (891)
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#Boniface VI  
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#Boniface VI (896)
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#Stephen VI  
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#Stephen VI (896)
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#Romanus  
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#Romanus (897)
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#Theodore II  
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#Theodore II (897)
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#John IX  
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#John IX (898)
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#Benedict IV  
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#Benedict IV (900)
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#Leo V  
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#Leo V (903)
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#Sergius III  
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#Sergius III (904)
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#Anastasius III  
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#Anastasius III (911)
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#John X  
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#Landus (914)
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#Leo VI  
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#John X (914)
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#[[Pope Stephen VII|Stephen VII]]
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#Leo VI (928)
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#John XI  
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#[[Pope Stephen VII|Stephen VII]] (928)
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#Leo VII  
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#John XI (931)
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#Stephen VIII  
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#Leo VII (936)
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#Marinus II  
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#Stephen VIII (939)
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#Agapetus II  
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#Marinus II (942)
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#John XII  
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#Agapetus II (946)
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#Leo VIII  
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#John XII (955)
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#Benedict V  
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#Leo VIII (963)
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#John XIII  
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#Benedict V (964)
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#Benedict VI  
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#John XIII (965)
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#Benedict VII  
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#Benedict VI (973)
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#John XIV  
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#Benedict VII (974)
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#John XV  
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#John XIV (983)
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#Gregory V  
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#John XV (985)
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#Sylvester II  
+
#Gregory V (996)
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#John XVII  
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#Sylvester II (999)
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#John XVIII  
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#John XVII (1003)
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#Sergius IV  
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#John XVIII (1004)
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#Benedict VIII  
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#Sergius IV (1009)
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#John XIX
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#Benedict VIII (1012)
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#Benedict IX  
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#John XIX (1024)
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#Sylvester III  
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#Benedict IX (1032)
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#Benedict IX  
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#Sylvester III (1045)
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#Gregory VI  
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#Benedict IX (1045)
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#Clement II  
+
#Gregory VI (1045)
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#Benedict IX  
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#Clement II (1046)
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#Damasus II  
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#Benedict IX (1047)
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#Leo IX  
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#Damasus II (1048)
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#Victor II  
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#Leo IX (1049)
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#Stephen IX  
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#Victor II (1055)
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#Nicholas II  
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#Stephen IX (1057)
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#Alexander II  
+
#Nicholas II (1059)
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#[[Pope Gregory VII|Gregory VII]]
+
#Alexander II (1061)
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#Victor III  
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#[[Pope Gregory VII|Gregory VII]] (1073)
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#[[Pope Urban II|Urban II]]
+
#Victor III (1086)
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#Paschal II  
+
#[[Pope Urban II|Urban II]] (1088)
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#Gelasius II  
+
#Paschal II (1099)
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#Callixtus II  
+
#Gelasius II (1118)
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#Honorius II  
+
#Callixtus II (1119)
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#Innocent II  
+
#Honorius II (1124)
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#Celestine II  
+
#Innocent II (1130)
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#Lucius II  
+
#Celestine II (1143)
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#Eugene III  
+
#Lucius II (1144)
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#Anastasius IV
+
#Eugene III (1145)
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#[[Adrian IV]]  
+
#Anastasius IV (1153)
−
#Alexander III  
+
#[[Adrian IV]] (1154)
−
#Lucius III  
+
#Alexander III (1159)
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#Urban III  
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#Lucius III (1181)
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#Gregory VIII  
+
#Urban III (1185)
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#Clement III  
+
#Gregory VIII (1187)
−
#Celestine III  
+
#Clement III (1187)
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#Innocent III  
+
#Celestine III (1191)
−
#Honorius III  
+
#Innocent III (1198)
−
#Gregory IX  
+
#Honorius III (1216)
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#Celestine IV  
+
#Gregory IX (1227)
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#Innocent IV  
+
#Celestine IV (1241)
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#Alexander IV  
+
#Innocent IV (1243)
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#Urban IV  
+
#Alexander IV (1254)
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#Clement IV  
+
#Urban IV (1261)
−
#Gregory X  
+
#Clement IV (1265)
−
#Innocent V  
+
#Gregory X (1271)
−
#Adrian V  
+
#Innocent V (1276)
−
#John XXI  
+
#Adrian V (1276)
−
#Nicholas III  
+
#John XXI (1276)
−
#Martin IV  
+
#Nicholas III (1277)
−
#Honorius IV  
+
#Martin IV (1281)
−
#Nicholas IV  
+
#Honorius IV (1285)
−
#Celestine V
+
#Nicholas IV (1288)
−
#Boniface VIII  
+
#Celestine V (1294)
−
#Benedict XI  
+
#Boniface VIII (1294)
−
#Clement V  
+
#Benedict XI (1303)
−
#John XXII  
+
#Clement V ()
−
#Benedict XII  
+
#John XXII ()
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#Clement VI  
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#Benedict XII ()
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#Innocent VI  
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#Clement VI ()
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#Urban V  
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#Innocent VI ()
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#Gregory XI  
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#Urban V ()
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#Urban VI  
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#Gregory XI ()
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#Boniface IX  
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#Urban VI ()
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#Innocent VII  
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#Boniface IX ()
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#Gregory XII  
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#Innocent VII ()
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#Martin V  
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#Gregory XII ()
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#Eugene IV  
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#Martin V ()
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#Nicholas V  
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#Eugene IV ()
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#Callixtus III  
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#Nicholas V ()
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#Pius II  
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#Callixtus III ()
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#Paul II  
+
#Pius II ()
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#Sixtus IV  
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#Paul II ()
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#Innocent VIII  
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#Sixtus IV ()
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#[[Pope Alexander VI|Alexander VI]]
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#Innocent VIII ()
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#Pius III  
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#[[Pope Alexander VI|Alexander VI]] ()
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#Julius II
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#Pius III ()
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#Leo X  
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#Julius II ()
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#Adrian VI  
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#Leo X ()
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#Clement VII  
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#Adrian VI ()
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#Paul III  
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#Clement VII ()
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#Julius III  
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#Paul III ()
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#Marcellus II  
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#Julius III ()
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#Paul IV  
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#Marcellus II ()
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#Pius IV  
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#Paul IV ()
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#Pius V  
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#Pius IV ()
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#[[Pope Gregory XIII|Gregory XIII]]  
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#Pius V ()
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#Sixtus V  
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#[[Pope Gregory XIII|Gregory XIII]] ()
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#Urban VII  
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#Sixtus V ()
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#Gregory XIV  
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#Urban VII ()
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#Innocent IX  
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#Gregory XIV ()
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#Clement VIII  
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#Innocent IX ()
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#Leo XI  
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#Clement VIII ()
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#Paul V  
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#Leo XI ()
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#Gregory XV  
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#Paul V ()
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#Urban VIII  
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#Gregory XV ()
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#Innocent X  
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#Urban VIII ()
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#Alexander VII  
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#Innocent X ()
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#Clement IX  
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#Alexander VII ()
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#Clement X  
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#Clement IX ()
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#Innocent XI
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#Clement X ()
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#Alexander VIII  
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#Innocent XI ()
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#Innocent XII  
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#Alexander VIII ()
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#Clement XI  
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#Innocent XII ()
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#Innocent XIII  
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#Clement XI ()
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#Benedict XIII  
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#Innocent XIII ()
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#Clement XII  
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#Benedict XIII ()
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#Benedict XIV  
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#Clement XII ()
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#Clement XIII  
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#Benedict XIV ()
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#Clement XIV  
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#Clement XIII ()
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#Pius VI  
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#Clement XIV ()
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#Pius VII  
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#Pius VI ()
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#Leo XII  
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#Pius VII ()
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#Pius VIII  
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#Leo XII ()
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#Gregory XVI  
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#Pius VIII ()
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#Pius IX  
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#Gregory XVI ()
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#Leo XIII  
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#Pius IX ()
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#Pius X  
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#Leo XIII ()
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#Benedict XV  
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#Pius X ()
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#Pius XI  
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#Benedict XV ()
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#Pius XII  
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#Pius XI ()
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#[[John XXIII]]
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#Pius XII ()
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#[[Paul VI]]  
+
#[[John XXIII]] ()
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#[[Pope John Paul I|John Paul I]]
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#[[Paul VI]] ()
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#[[Pope John Paul II|John Paul II]]
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#[[Pope John Paul I|John Paul I]] ()
 +
#[[Pope John Paul II|John Paul II]] ()
  
  
 
[[Category:Catholic Church]]
 
[[Category:Catholic Church]]
 
[[Category:Popes|Popes]]
 
[[Category:Popes|Popes]]

Revision as of 00:26, January 25, 2008

The Pope (from Greek papas, father) is the head of the Catholic Church and the Head of State of the State of the Vatican City; the Bishop of Rome, who, as successor of St. Peter, is the chief pastor of the whole Church, the Vicar of Christ upon earth. Pontifex summus is a title of dignity.

Blessed art thou, Simon Bar-Jona: because flesh and blood hath not revealed it to thee, but my Father who is in heaven. And I say to thee: That thou art Peter; and upon this rock (Cepha) I will build my Church. Matthew 16:17-19. Be the shepherd of my sheep. John 21:16.

The Pope ecclesiastical jury is called the Holy See. Since 1059 The Pope is chosen by the Cardinals of the Holy Roman Catholic Church.

His Holiness Benedict XVI


Insignia

Tiara

The pope is distinguished by the use of the tiara or triple crown. At what date the custom of crowning the pope was introduced is unknown. It was certainly previous to the forged donation of Constantine, which dates from the commencement of the ninth century, for mention is there made of the pope's coronation. The triple crown is of much later origin. (it remains only a symbol)

Cross

The pope moreover does not, like ordinary bishops, use the bent pastoral staff, but only the erect cross. This custom was introduced before the reign of Innocent III (1198-1216) (cap. un. X de sacra unctione, I, 15).

Pallium

He further uses the pallium at all ecclesiastical functions, and not under the same restrictions as do the archbishops on whom he has conferred it. [1]

Fisherman's Ring

It is a gold ring decorated with a depiction of St. Peter in a boat casting his net.

Benedict XVI

File:BENEDETTO XVI.jpg

Today the Pope is Pope Benedict XVI. On May 11, 2007 he canonized Brazil's first native-born saint. During the ceremonies the Holy Father said that today's world "needs transparent lives, clear souls, pure minds"; Christians, must resist the temptation to think of their lives as "mere objects of pleasure."

Gerald Fogarty, a Jesuit priest and professor at the University of Virginia, said that some Catholics were disappointed with Ratzinger's selection because he symbolized the conservative side of the church's ideological split, especially in the United States.[2]


Controversy

The Pope is claimed to be infallible in matters of doctrine (see Dictatus Papae). The concept of Papal Infallibility is used to proclaim articles of faith, which are essential to adhere to be considered a Catholic. These articles are therefore considered to be a Dogmatic definition. Such pronouncements are rare, and the concept does not mean that Catholics are to believe everything that the Pope says is correct. The last issue was asserting the Assumption of Mary.

The First Vatican Council, of 1870, anathematized all who dispute the Pope's primacy of honor and of jurisdiction (it is lawful to discuss the precise nature of that primacy, provided that such discussion does not violate the terms of the Council's Dogmatic Constitution). The Second Vatican Council modified many of the diktats of 1870.

Critics of the papacy claim that past Popes who claimed successorship to St. Peter, such as Callixtus III and Alexander VI from the Borgia family, were so corrupt as to be unfit to wield power. An omniscient and omnibenevolent God, they claim, would not have given those people the powers claimed for them by the Catholic Church. Opponents of these critics reply that even the worst Popes failed to wreck the traditions of the Church.

See also

External links

References

  1. ↑ The Pope Catholic Encyclopedia
  2. ↑ Benedict XVI: Conservative

Previous Popes

Following the name of each Pope is the year of their accession.

  1. Peter (See Above)
  2. Linus (67)
  3. Anacletus (76)
  4. Clement I (88)
  5. Evaristus (97)
  6. Alexander I (105)
  7. Sixtus I (115)
  8. Telesphorus (125)
  9. Hyginus (136)
  10. Pius I (140)
  11. Anicetus (155)
  12. Soter (166)
  13. Eleuterus (175)
  14. Victor I (189)
  15. Zephyrinus (199)
  16. Callixtus I (217)
  17. Urban I (222)
  18. Pontian (230)
  19. Anterus (235)
  20. Fabian (236)
  21. Cornelius (251)
  22. Lucius I (253)
  23. Stephen I (254)
  24. Sixtus II (257)
  25. Dionysius (259)
  26. Felix I (269)
  27. Eutychian (275)
  28. Caius (283)
  29. Marcellinus(296)
  30. Marcellus I (308)
  31. Eusebius (309)
  32. Miltiades (311)
  33. Sylvester I (314)
  34. Mark (336)
  35. Julius I (337)
  36. Liberius (352)
  37. Damasus I (366)
  38. Siricius (384)
  39. Anastasius I (399)
  40. Innocent I (401)
  41. Zosimus (417)
  42. Boniface I (418)
  43. Celestine I (422)
  44. Sixtus III (432)
  45. Leo I (440)
  46. Hilarius (461)
  47. Simplicius (468)
  48. Felix III (483)
  49. Gelasius I (492)
  50. Anastasius II (496)
  51. Symmachus (498)
  52. Hormisdas (514)
  53. John I, Martyr (523)
  54. Felix IV (526)
  55. Boniface II (530)
  56. John II (533)
  57. Agapetus I (535)
  58. Silverius, Marytr (536)
  59. Vigilius (537)
  60. Pelagius I (556)
  61. John III (561)
  62. Benedict I (575)
  63. Pelagius II (579)
  64. Gregory I (590)
  65. Sabinian (604)
  66. Boniface III (607)
  67. Boniface IV (608)
  68. Adeodatus I (615)
  69. Boniface V (619)
  70. Honorius I (625)
  71. Severinus (640)
  72. John IV (640)
  73. Theodore I (642)
  74. Martin I, Marytr (649)
  75. Eugene I (654)
  76. Vitalian (657)
  77. Adeodatus II (672)
  78. Donus (676)
  79. Agatho (678)
  80. Leo II (682)
  81. Benedict II (684)
  82. John V (685)
  83. Conon (686)
  84. Sergius I (687)
  85. John VI (701)
  86. John VII (705)
  87. Sisinnius (706)
  88. Constantine (708)
  89. Gregory II (715)
  90. Gregory III (731)
  91. Zachary (741)
  92. Stephen II (752)
  93. Paul I (757)
  94. Stephen III (768)
  95. Adrian I (772)
  96. Leo III (795)
  97. Stephen IV (816)
  98. Paschal I (817)
  99. Eugene II (824)
  100. Valentine (827)
  101. Gregory IV (827)
  102. Sergius II (844)
  103. Leo IV (847)
  104. Benedict III (855)
  105. Nicholas I (858)
  106. Adrian II (867)
  107. John VIII (872)
  108. Marinus I (882)
  109. Adrian III (884)
  110. Stephen V (885)
  111. Formosus (891)
  112. Boniface VI (896)
  113. Stephen VI (896)
  114. Romanus (897)
  115. Theodore II (897)
  116. John IX (898)
  117. Benedict IV (900)
  118. Leo V (903)
  119. Sergius III (904)
  120. Anastasius III (911)
  121. Landus (914)
  122. John X (914)
  123. Leo VI (928)
  124. Stephen VII (928)
  125. John XI (931)
  126. Leo VII (936)
  127. Stephen VIII (939)
  128. Marinus II (942)
  129. Agapetus II (946)
  130. John XII (955)
  131. Leo VIII (963)
  132. Benedict V (964)
  133. John XIII (965)
  134. Benedict VI (973)
  135. Benedict VII (974)
  136. John XIV (983)
  137. John XV (985)
  138. Gregory V (996)
  139. Sylvester II (999)
  140. John XVII (1003)
  141. John XVIII (1004)
  142. Sergius IV (1009)
  143. Benedict VIII (1012)
  144. John XIX (1024)
  145. Benedict IX (1032)
  146. Sylvester III (1045)
  147. Benedict IX (1045)
  148. Gregory VI (1045)
  149. Clement II (1046)
  150. Benedict IX (1047)
  151. Damasus II (1048)
  152. Leo IX (1049)
  153. Victor II (1055)
  154. Stephen IX (1057)
  155. Nicholas II (1059)
  156. Alexander II (1061)
  157. Gregory VII (1073)
  158. Victor III (1086)
  159. Urban II (1088)
  160. Paschal II (1099)
  161. Gelasius II (1118)
  162. Callixtus II (1119)
  163. Honorius II (1124)
  164. Innocent II (1130)
  165. Celestine II (1143)
  166. Lucius II (1144)
  167. Eugene III (1145)
  168. Anastasius IV (1153)
  169. Adrian IV (1154)
  170. Alexander III (1159)
  171. Lucius III (1181)
  172. Urban III (1185)
  173. Gregory VIII (1187)
  174. Clement III (1187)
  175. Celestine III (1191)
  176. Innocent III (1198)
  177. Honorius III (1216)
  178. Gregory IX (1227)
  179. Celestine IV (1241)
  180. Innocent IV (1243)
  181. Alexander IV (1254)
  182. Urban IV (1261)
  183. Clement IV (1265)
  184. Gregory X (1271)
  185. Innocent V (1276)
  186. Adrian V (1276)
  187. John XXI (1276)
  188. Nicholas III (1277)
  189. Martin IV (1281)
  190. Honorius IV (1285)
  191. Nicholas IV (1288)
  192. Celestine V (1294)
  193. Boniface VIII (1294)
  194. Benedict XI (1303)
  195. Clement V ()
  196. John XXII ()
  197. Benedict XII ()
  198. Clement VI ()
  199. Innocent VI ()
  200. Urban V ()
  201. Gregory XI ()
  202. Urban VI ()
  203. Boniface IX ()
  204. Innocent VII ()
  205. Gregory XII ()
  206. Martin V ()
  207. Eugene IV ()
  208. Nicholas V ()
  209. Callixtus III ()
  210. Pius II ()
  211. Paul II ()
  212. Sixtus IV ()
  213. Innocent VIII ()
  214. Alexander VI ()
  215. Pius III ()
  216. Julius II ()
  217. Leo X ()
  218. Adrian VI ()
  219. Clement VII ()
  220. Paul III ()
  221. Julius III ()
  222. Marcellus II ()
  223. Paul IV ()
  224. Pius IV ()
  225. Pius V ()
  226. Gregory XIII ()
  227. Sixtus V ()
  228. Urban VII ()
  229. Gregory XIV ()
  230. Innocent IX ()
  231. Clement VIII ()
  232. Leo XI ()
  233. Paul V ()
  234. Gregory XV ()
  235. Urban VIII ()
  236. Innocent X ()
  237. Alexander VII ()
  238. Clement IX ()
  239. Clement X ()
  240. Innocent XI ()
  241. Alexander VIII ()
  242. Innocent XII ()
  243. Clement XI ()
  244. Innocent XIII ()
  245. Benedict XIII ()
  246. Clement XII ()
  247. Benedict XIV ()
  248. Clement XIII ()
  249. Clement XIV ()
  250. Pius VI ()
  251. Pius VII ()
  252. Leo XII ()
  253. Pius VIII ()
  254. Gregory XVI ()
  255. Pius IX ()
  256. Leo XIII ()
  257. Pius X ()
  258. Benedict XV ()
  259. Pius XI ()
  260. Pius XII ()
  261. John XXIII ()
  262. Paul VI ()
  263. John Paul I ()
  264. John Paul II ()
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