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| − | '''Edward Louis Bernays''' (November 22, 1891 - March 9, 1995) was a journalist, the nephew of [[Sigmund Freud]], a progressive,<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/story/2010/05/27/glenn-beck-progressives-fight-for-american-hearts-and-minds.html 'Glenn Beck': Progressives' Fight for American Hearts and Minds], [[Fox News]]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=aUM1Hp8ysXUC&pg=PA32 Progressive Intellectuals and the Dilemmas of Democratic Commitment]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=AxIvSfe3DyYC&pg=PT60 Power Systems: Conversations on Global Democratic Uprisings and the New Challenges to U.S. Empire]</ref> and an early innovator in modern techniques of propaganda and social psychology. He is widely regarded as the 'Father of Public Relations'.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/books/98/08/16/specials/bernays-obit.html Edward Bernays, 'Father of Public Relations' And Leader in Opinion Making, Dies at 103]</ref> | + | '''Edward Louis Bernays''' (November 22, 1891 - March 9, 1995) was a journalist, author, the nephew of [[Sigmund Freud]], a progressive,<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/story/2010/05/27/glenn-beck-progressives-fight-for-american-hearts-and-minds.html 'Glenn Beck': Progressives' Fight for American Hearts and Minds], [[Fox News]]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=aUM1Hp8ysXUC&pg=PA32 Progressive Intellectuals and the Dilemmas of Democratic Commitment]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=AxIvSfe3DyYC&pg=PT60 Power Systems: Conversations on Global Democratic Uprisings and the New Challenges to U.S. Empire]</ref> and an early innovator in modern techniques of propaganda and social psychology. He is widely regarded as the 'Father of Public Relations'.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/books/98/08/16/specials/bernays-obit.html Edward Bernays, 'Father of Public Relations' And Leader in Opinion Making, Dies at 103]</ref> |
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| | Bernays was a member of the [[Committee on Public Information]], a position which helped him refine his abilities.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=WacfBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA153 The Americanization of West Virginia: Creating a Modern Industrial State, 1916-1925]</ref> | | Bernays was a member of the [[Committee on Public Information]], a position which helped him refine his abilities.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=WacfBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA153 The Americanization of West Virginia: Creating a Modern Industrial State, 1916-1925]</ref> |
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| | *"The conscious and intelligent manipulation of the organized habits and opinions of the masses is an important element in democratic society. Those who manipulate this unseen mechanism of society constitute an invisible government which is the true ruling power of our country. ...We are governed, our minds are molded, our tastes formed, our ideas suggested, largely by men we have never heard of. This is a logical result of the way in which our democratic society is organized. Vast numbers of human beings must cooperate in this manner if they are to live together as a smoothly functioning society. ...In almost every act of our daily lives, whether in the sphere of politics or business, in our social conduct or our ethical thinking, we are dominated by the relatively small number of persons...who understand the mental processes and social patterns of the masses. It is they who pull the wires which control the public mind." | | *"The conscious and intelligent manipulation of the organized habits and opinions of the masses is an important element in democratic society. Those who manipulate this unseen mechanism of society constitute an invisible government which is the true ruling power of our country. ...We are governed, our minds are molded, our tastes formed, our ideas suggested, largely by men we have never heard of. This is a logical result of the way in which our democratic society is organized. Vast numbers of human beings must cooperate in this manner if they are to live together as a smoothly functioning society. ...In almost every act of our daily lives, whether in the sphere of politics or business, in our social conduct or our ethical thinking, we are dominated by the relatively small number of persons...who understand the mental processes and social patterns of the masses. It is they who pull the wires which control the public mind." |
| | *"There are invisible rulers who control the destinies of millions. It is not generally realized to what extent the words and actions of our most influential public men are dictated by shrewd persons operating behind the scenes." | | *"There are invisible rulers who control the destinies of millions. It is not generally realized to what extent the words and actions of our most influential public men are dictated by shrewd persons operating behind the scenes." |
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| | + | ==Works== |
| | + | * ''The Broadway Anthology'', (1917) |
| | + | * ''Crystallizing Public Opinion'', (1923) |
| | + | * ''An Outline of Careers: A Practical Guide to Achievement by Thirty-Eight Eminent Americans'', (1927) |
| | + | * ''Verdict of Public Opinion on Propaganda'', (1927) |
| | + | * ''Propaganda'', (1928) |
| | + | * ''Public Relations'', (1945) |
| | + | * ''Your Place at the Peace Table: What You Can Do to Win a Lasting United Nations Peace'', (1945) |
| | + | * ''Communism in Guatemala'', (1954) |
| | + | * ''The Engineering of Consent'', (1955)<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=GarJLYMm3A0C&pg=PA175 The Father of Spin: Edward L. Bernays and the Birth of Public Relations]</ref> |
| | + | * ''Your Future in Public Relations'', (1961) |
| | + | * ''Biography of an Idea: Memoirs of Public Relations Counsel'', (1965) |
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| | ==References== | | ==References== |