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add bibliog
'''George Catlett Marshall''' (Uniontown, PA. 31 Dec 1880 - 16 Oct 1959), was head of the U.S. Army in [[World War II]] and a after the war was prominent diplomat, after whom the "Marshall Plan" was named.
'''George Catlett Marshall''' (Uniontown, PA. 31 Dec 1880 - 16 Oct 1959), was head of the U.S. Army in [[World War II]] and a after the war was prominent diplomat, after whom the "Marshall Plan" was named.
America's top-ranking soldier during World War II, served as chief of staff from 1939 to 1945, building and directing the largest army in history. On September 1, 1939, he was promoted to Chief of Staff with the rank of General, and he was named General of the Army on December 16, 1944. Marshall later became the subject of much criticism after responding to an observer in Hong Kong with the language used by several [[Comintern]] journalists and [[propagandist]]s, referring to Chairman [[Mao Zedong]] and the [[Chinese Communist Party]] as, "These fellows are
==Workd War II==
America's top-ranking soldier during World War II, served as chief of staff from 1939 to 1945, building and directing the largest army in history. On September 1, 1939, he was promoted to Chief of Staff with the rank of General, and he was named General of the Army on December 16, 1944.
[[Image:Marshall42.jpg|thumb|280px|''Time'' Oct 19, 1942]]
==China==
From 1946 to 1947 he was President Truman’s special envoy in China. After that he became Secretary of State. Being unfamiliar with the world of Communist revolutionary activity, Marshall inevitably fell under the influence of the State Department [[China hands]] in Washington and in China.<ref>''While You Slept'', Flynn, pgs. 176-177.</ref> Marshall later became the subject of much criticism after responding to an observer in Hong Kong with the language used by several [[Comintern]] journalists and [[propagandist]]s, referring to Chairman [[Mao Zedong]] and the [[Chinese Communist Party]] as, "These fellows are
just old-fashioned agrarian reformers."<ref>''While You Slept : Our Tragedy in Asia and Who Made It'', John T. Flynn, New York : The Devin - Adair Company, 1951, [http://www.mises.org/books/whileyouslept.pdf pg. 22] pdf.</ref>
just old-fashioned agrarian reformers."<ref>''While You Slept : Our Tragedy in Asia and Who Made It'', John T. Flynn, New York : The Devin - Adair Company, 1951, [http://www.mises.org/books/whileyouslept.pdf pg. 22] pdf.</ref>
==Marshall Plan==
As diplomat, he acted as Secretary of State from 1947 to 1949, formulating the [[Marshall Plan]], an unprecedented program of economic and military aid to in war-ravaged Western Europe. This program became known as the "Marshall Plan" and led to the coalition of free nations under the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) to help revitalize Europe. Marshall received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953 for this work.<ref>[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1953/marshall-bio.html The Nobel Peace Prize 1953]</ref>
As diplomat, he acted as Secretary of State from 1947 to 1949, formulating the [[Marshall Plan]], an unprecedented program of economic and military aid to in war-ravaged Western Europe. This program became known as the "Marshall Plan" and led to the coalition of free nations under the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) to help revitalize Europe. Marshall received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953 for this work.<ref>[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1953/marshall-bio.html The Nobel Peace Prize 1953]</ref>
==Korean war==
Marshall later served as Secretary of Defense under President [[Harry S Truman]] from September 1950 to September 1951.
Marshall later served as Secretary of Defense under President [[Harry S Truman]] from September 1950 to September 1951.
== Personal ==
== Personal ==
Colleagues described Marshall as a humble man, who worked hard and remained dedicated to his nation. His modesty led him to decline to write memoirs.
Colleagues described Marshall as a humble man, who worked hard and remained dedicated to his nation. His modesty led him to decline to write memoirs.
== Honors ==
== Honors ==
President [[Dwight Eisenhower]] designated the new NASA facilities in [[Huntsville, Alabama|Huntsville]] as the George C. Marshall Space Flight Center.
*Time Man of the Year 1943
*Time Man of the Year 1943
*Time Man of the Year 1947
*Time Man of the Year 1947
*Distinguished Service Medal with oak leaf cluster
*Distinguished Service Medal with oak leaf cluster
*[http://www.grolier.com/wwii/wwii_marshall.html George C. Marshall ]
*[http://www.grolier.com/wwii/wwii_marshall.html George C. Marshall ]
*[http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/democrac/57.htm THE MARSHALL PLAN (1947)] U. S. Department of State.
*[http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/democrac/57.htm THE MARSHALL PLAN (1947)] U. S. Department of State.
==Bibliography==
* Bland, Larry; Jeans, Roger B.; and Wilkinson, Mark, eds. ''George C. Marshall's Mediation Mission to China, December 1945-January 1947.'' (1998). 661 pp. 24 essays by scholars
* Bland, Larry I., and James B. Barber. ''George C. Marshall: Soldier of Peace'' (1997) [http://www.amazon.com/George-C-Marshall-Soldier-Peace/dp/0801858143/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1214271659&sr=1-2 online edition]
* Bryan, Ferald J. "George C. Marshall at Harvard: a Study of the Origins and Construction of the 'Marshall Plan' Speech." ''Presidential Studies Quarterly'' 1991 21(3): 489-502. Issn: 0360-4918
* Condit, Doris M. ''The Test of War, 1950-1953: History of the Office of the Secretary of Defense.'' (1988). 701 pp.
*Cray, Ed. ''General of the Army: George C. Marshall, Soldier and Statesman.'' (1990). 847 pp.
*Gullan, Harold I. "Expectations of Infamy: Roosevelt and Marshall Prepare for War, 1938-41." ''Presidential Studies Quarterly'' Volume: 28#3 1998. pp 510+ [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5001392305 online edition]
*Levine, Steven I. "A New Look at American Mediation in the Chinese Civil War: the Marshall Mission and Manchuria." ''Diplomatic History'' 1979 3(4): 349-375. Issn: 0145-2096
*Matloff, Maurice, and Edwin M. Snell, ‘’Strategic Planning for Coalition Warfare 1941-1942'’ (1952) [http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/Sp1941-42/index.htm online edition] grand strategy
*Matloff, Maurice. ‘’Strategic Planning for Coalition Warfare, 1943-1944'’ (1958) [http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/USA-WD-Strategic2/index.html online edition], grand strategy
*May, Ernest R. "1947-48: When Marshall Kept the U.S. out of War in China." ''Journal of Military History'' 2002 66(4): 1001-1010. Issn: 0899-3718 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/3093261 in Jstor]
* Mosley, Leonard. ''Marshall: Hero for Our Times.'' (1982). 570 pp.
*Parrish, Thomas. ''Roosevelt and Marshall: Partners in Politics and War.'' (1989). 608 pp.
*Pogue, Forrest. ''George C. Marshall'' (1963–87) Four-volume authorized biography: complete text is online
**''[http://www.marshallfoundation.org/library/poguecollection.htm George C. Marshall: Education of a General, 1880-1939]''
**''[http://www.marshallfoundation.org/Library/PogueCollection.htm George C Marshall: Ordeal and Hope, 1939-1943]''
**''[http://www.marshallfoundation.org/Library/PogueCollection.htm George C. Marshall: Organizer of Victory 1943-1945]''
**''[http://www.marshallfoundation.org/Library/PogueCollection.htm George C. Marshall: Statesman 1945-1959]''
*Steele, Richard W. ''The First Offensive, 1942: Roosevelt, Marshall, and the Making of American Strategy.'' 1973. 239 pp.
*Stoler, Mark C. ''George C. Marshall: Soldier-Statesman of the American Century. '' (1989) 252pp
== References ==
===Primary Sources===
* [http://76.7.58.34/gsdl274/cgi-bin/library?a=p&p=home&l=en&w=utf-8 primary sources at Marshall Library]
* Marshall, George C. ''The Papers of George Catlett Marshall,'' ed. Larry I. Bland et al.; [http://76.7.58.34/gsdl274/cgi-bin/library?e=p-00000-00---off-0themarsh--00-1--0-10-0---0---0prompt-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---01-3-1-00-0-0-11-1-0utfZz-8-00&a=d&cl=CL2 complete contents are online]
**Volume 1: The Soldierly Spirit, December 1880 - June 1939
**Volume 2: We Cannot Delay, July 1, 1939-December 6, 1941
** Volume 3: The Right Man for the Job, December 7, 1941-May 31, 1943
** Volume 4: Aggressive and Determined Leadership, June 1, 1943-December 31, 1944
** Volume 5: The Finest Soldier, January 1, 1945--January 7, 1947
* Marshall, George C. ''George C. Marshall: Interviews and Reminiscences for Forrest C. Pogue.'' ed. by Larry I. Bland, Joellen K. Bland, and Sharon Ritenour Stevens; (1991) 698 pp. [http://76.7.58.34/gsdl274/cgi-bin/library?site=localhost&a=p&p=about&c=intervie&l=en&w=utf-8 searchable online]
* Marshall, George Catlett. ''Memoirs of My Services in the World War, 1917-1918'' (1976)
* Stimson, Henry L., and McGeorge Bundy.''On Active Services In Peace And War'' (1948, 2007) [http://www.amazon.com/Active-Services-Peace-War/dp/1406741930/ref=sr_1_5?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1214271756&sr=1-5 excerpt and text search]
====notes====
<references/>
<references/>
[[Category:Nobel laureates in Peace]]
[[Category:Nobel laureates in Peace]]
[[Category:Military]]
[[Category:Military history]]
[[Category:diplomacy]]
[[Category:diplomacy]]
[[Category:United States History]]
[[Category:United States History]]
[[Category:Cold War]]
[[Category:Cold War]]