Difference between revisions of "Middle-income countries"
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== Innovation and countries going from middle-income countries to high-income countries == | == Innovation and countries going from middle-income countries to high-income countries == | ||
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Below are articles on innovation and countries going from middle-income countries to high-income countries: | Below are articles on innovation and countries going from middle-income countries to high-income countries: | ||
Revision as of 06:42, April 12, 2024
According to Investopedia, middle-income countries are defined as: "According to the World Bank, middle-income countries (MICs) are defined as economies with a gross national income (GNI) per capita between $1,136 and $13,845 as of 2024. MICs consist of lower-middle-income countries and upper-middle-income countries, both of which are part of the income categories that the World Bank uses to classify economies for operational and analytical purposes."[1]
Asian Development Bank: The middle-income countries transition to high-income counties around the globe: Characteristics of graduation and slowdown
The abstract for the Asian Development Bank 2015 paper entitled The Middle-Income Transition around the Globe: Characteristics of Graduation and Slowdown indicates:
| “ | The paper investigates the situation of middle-income economies around the world. Since 1965, only 18 economies with a population of more than 3 million and not dependent on oil exports have made the transition to being high income. Many more have not been able to move beyond the middle-income stage. We conduct statistical tests of differences between two groups of economies across a range of growth and development variables. The results suggest that middle-income economies are particularly weak in the following areas: governance, infrastructure, savings and investment, inequality, and quality—but not quantity—of education. The findings are used to suggest whether the People’s Republic of China is successfully progressing through the middle-income stage or whether it may get caught in a middle-income trap.[2] | ” |
Innovation and countries going from middle-income countries to high-income countries
See also: Innovation
Below are articles on innovation and countries going from middle-income countries to high-income countries:
- Innovation key to avoiding middle-income trap, Daily Star, 2024
- Escaping the Middle-Income Trap: Innovate or Perish, Asian Development Bank, 2017
References
- ↑ Middle-Income Countries (MICs): Characteristics and Significance, Investopedia
- ↑ The Middle-Income Transition around the Globe: Characteristics of Graduation and Slowdown by Paul Vandenberg, Lilibeth Poot, and Jeffrey Miyamoto. Asian Development Bank. ADBI Working Paper Series. No. 519. March 2015