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Difference between revisions of "Howard Baker, Sr."
 
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{{Officeholder
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|name=Howard H. Baker, Sr.
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|image=Howard Baker, Sr..jpg
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|party=[[Republican]]
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|spouse=Dora Ann Ladd (died 1934)<ref>[https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/69211547/dora-ann-baker Dora Ann Ladd Baker]. ''Find a Grave''. Retrieved June 29, 2021.</ref><br>Edith Irene Bailey
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|religion=
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|offices=
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{{Officeholder/representative
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|state=Tennessee
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|district=2nd
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|terms=January 3, 1951 – January 7, 1964
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|preceded=[[John Jennings, Jr.]]
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|former=y
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|succeeded=[[Irene Baker]]
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}}
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{{Officeholder/misc
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|office=State Representative<br>from [[Tennessee]]
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|terms=1929–1930
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|preceded=???
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|former=y
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|succeeded=???
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}}
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}}
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'''Howard Henry Baker, Sr.''' (January 12, 1902 – January 7, 1964) was a [[Republican]] congressman from [[Tennessee]]'s 2nd congressional district whose tenure spanned from the early 1950s until his death in office. He was previously a state representative from 1929 to 1930.
 
'''Howard Henry Baker, Sr.''' (January 12, 1902 – January 7, 1964) was a [[Republican]] congressman from [[Tennessee]]'s 2nd congressional district whose tenure spanned from the early 1950s until his death in office. He was previously a state representative from 1929 to 1930.
  
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==Political career==
 
==Political career==
 
===U.S. House of Representatives===
 
===U.S. House of Representatives===
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Baker was narrowly elected to the House in the 1950 midterms, defeating Democrat opponent Frank W. Wilson by less than five percentage points in what was otherwise a consistent stronghold for the Republican Party since the late 1800s.<ref>[https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=310777 TN - District 02 Race - Nov 07, 1950]. ''Our Campaigns''. Retrieved June 28, 2021.</ref> His following re-elections faced no serious opponents in the general elections, always managing to garner at least 58% of the vote.<ref>[https://www.ourcampaigns.com/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=37216 Candidate - Howard H. Baker]. ''Our Campaigns''. Retrieved June 28, 2021.</ref>
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Baker was narrowly elected to the House in the 1950 midterms, defeating Democrat opponent Frank W. Wilson by less than five percentage points in what was otherwise a consistent stronghold for the Republican Party since the 1860s.<ref>[https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=310777 TN - District 02 Race - Nov 07, 1950]. ''Our Campaigns''. Retrieved June 28, 2021.</ref> His following re-elections faced no serious opponents in the general elections, always managing to garner at least 58% of the vote.<ref>[https://www.ourcampaigns.com/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=37216 Candidate - Howard H. Baker]. ''Our Campaigns''. Retrieved June 28, 2021.</ref>
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Baker was considered a strong [[conservative]] in the House<ref name=tennesseeencyclopediabio>[https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entries/howard-baker-sr/ Howard H. Baker Sr.]. ''Tennessee Encyclopedia''. Retrieved June 28, 2021.</ref> and supported [[school prayer]].<ref name=irenebakerbio>[https://history.house.gov/People/Detail/8855?ret=True BAKER, Irene Bailey]. ''US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives''. Retrieved June 28, 2021.</ref> However, he backed some programs such as [[Social Security]] and voted with Democrats on several issues.<ref name=nytimesobituary>[https://www.nytimes.com/1964/01/08/archives/howard-h-baker-representative-tennessee-republican-dies-supporter.html HOWARD H. BAKER, REPRESENTATIVE; Tennessee Republican Dies —Supporter of T.V.A.]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved June 28, 2021.</ref> He also adamantly supported the [[Tennessee Valley Authority]], an agency established under President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] in the 1930s.
  
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Baker was considered a strong [[conservative]] in the House<ref name=tennesseeencyclopediabio>[https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entries/howard-baker-sr/ Howard H. Baker Sr.]. ''Tennessee Encyclopedia''. Retrieved June 28, 2021.</ref> though supported some programs such as [[Social Security]] and voted with Democrats on several issues.<ref name=nytimesobituary>[https://www.nytimes.com/1964/01/08/archives/howard-h-baker-representative-tennessee-republican-dies-supporter.html HOWARD H. BAKER, REPRESENTATIVE; Tennessee Republican Dies —Supporter of T.V.A.]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved June 28, 2021.</ref> He was also adamantly backed the [[Tennessee Valley Authority]], an agency established under President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] in the 1930s.
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He supported [[conservative]] [[Robert A. Taft]] in the [[United States presidential election, 1952|1952 presidential election]].<ref name=irenebakerbio/>
  
 
A supporter of [[civil rights]] who maintained strong relationships with black leaders including [[Memphis]] businessman George Washington Lee (also known as "Lieutenant Lee"<ref>[https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entries/george-washington-lee/ George Washington Lee]. ''Tennessee Encyclopedia''. Retrieved June 28, 2021.</ref>),<ref name=tennesseeencyclopediabio/> Baker refused to sign the 1956 [[Southern Manifesto]] which opposed the [[United States Supreme Court]] decision in ''[[Brown v. Board of Education]]'' that ordered the desegregation of all U.S. public schools.<ref name=tennesseeencyclopediabio/><ref>[https://www.congress.gov/84/crecb/1956/03/12/GPO-CRECB-1956-pt4-3.pdf GPO-CRECB-1956-pt4-3.pdf]. ''Congressional Record''. Retrieved June 28, 2021.</ref> He voted in favor of the Civil Rights Act of 1960<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/86-1960/h106 HR 8601. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1960. APPROVAL BY THE HOUSE OF THE SENATE'S AMENDMENTS.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved June 28, 2021.</ref> and the [[24th Amendment]],<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/87-1962/h193 S.J. RES. 29. CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT TO BAN THE USE OF POLL TAX AS A REQUIREMENT FOR VOTING IN FEDERAL ELECTIONS.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved June 28, 2021.</ref> which abolished the [[poll tax]] in all federal-level elections.
 
A supporter of [[civil rights]] who maintained strong relationships with black leaders including [[Memphis]] businessman George Washington Lee (also known as "Lieutenant Lee"<ref>[https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entries/george-washington-lee/ George Washington Lee]. ''Tennessee Encyclopedia''. Retrieved June 28, 2021.</ref>),<ref name=tennesseeencyclopediabio/> Baker refused to sign the 1956 [[Southern Manifesto]] which opposed the [[United States Supreme Court]] decision in ''[[Brown v. Board of Education]]'' that ordered the desegregation of all U.S. public schools.<ref name=tennesseeencyclopediabio/><ref>[https://www.congress.gov/84/crecb/1956/03/12/GPO-CRECB-1956-pt4-3.pdf GPO-CRECB-1956-pt4-3.pdf]. ''Congressional Record''. Retrieved June 28, 2021.</ref> He voted in favor of the Civil Rights Act of 1960<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/86-1960/h106 HR 8601. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1960. APPROVAL BY THE HOUSE OF THE SENATE'S AMENDMENTS.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved June 28, 2021.</ref> and the [[24th Amendment]],<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/87-1962/h193 S.J. RES. 29. CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT TO BAN THE USE OF POLL TAX AS A REQUIREMENT FOR VOTING IN FEDERAL ELECTIONS.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved June 28, 2021.</ref> which abolished the [[poll tax]] in all federal-level elections.
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Baker, Howard}}
 
[[Category:Tennessee]]
 
[[Category:Tennessee]]
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[[Category:Kentucky]]
 
[[Category:Republicans]]
 
[[Category:Republicans]]
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[[Category:State Representatives]]
 
[[Category:Former United States Representatives]]
 
[[Category:Former United States Representatives]]
 
[[Category:Conservatives]]
 
[[Category:Conservatives]]
 
[[Category:Civil Rights]]
 
[[Category:Civil Rights]]
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[[Category:Old Republicans (The South)]]

Latest revision as of 02:55, October 30, 2021

Howard Henry Baker, Sr. (January 12, 1902 – January 7, 1964) was a Republican congressman from Tennessee's 2nd congressional district whose tenure spanned from the early 1950s until his death in office. He was previously a state representative from 1929 to 1930.

Howard H. Baker, Sr.
Howard Baker, Sr..jpg
Former U.S. Representative from Tennessee's 2nd Congressional District
From: January 3, 1951 – January 7, 1964
Predecessor John Jennings, Jr.
Successor Irene Baker
Former State Representative
from Tennessee
From: 1929–1930
Predecessor ???
Successor ???
Information
Party Republican
Spouse(s) Dora Ann Ladd (died 1934)[1]
Edith Irene Bailey

He was the father of Tennessee U.S. senator Howard Henry Baker, Jr., a Moderate Republican.

Political career

U.S. House of Representatives

Baker was narrowly elected to the House in the 1950 midterms, defeating Democrat opponent Frank W. Wilson by less than five percentage points in what was otherwise a consistent stronghold for the Republican Party since the 1860s.[2] His following re-elections faced no serious opponents in the general elections, always managing to garner at least 58% of the vote.[3]

Baker was considered a strong conservative in the House[4] and supported school prayer.[5] However, he backed some programs such as Social Security and voted with Democrats on several issues.[6] He also adamantly supported the Tennessee Valley Authority, an agency established under President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1930s.

He supported conservative Robert A. Taft in the 1952 presidential election.[5]

A supporter of civil rights who maintained strong relationships with black leaders including Memphis businessman George Washington Lee (also known as "Lieutenant Lee"[7]),[4] Baker refused to sign the 1956 Southern Manifesto which opposed the United States Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education that ordered the desegregation of all U.S. public schools.[4][8] He voted in favor of the Civil Rights Act of 1960[9] and the 24th Amendment,[10] which abolished the poll tax in all federal-level elections.

Baker died in office in early January 1964 due to a heart attack.[6] Among those present at his funeral services included Governor Frank Clement and Republican Senate leader Everett Dirksen.[11]

Quotes

“ You should always go through life working on the assumption that the other guy might be right.[12] ”

See also

References

  1. ↑ Dora Ann Ladd Baker. Find a Grave. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  2. ↑ TN - District 02 Race - Nov 07, 1950. Our Campaigns. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  3. ↑ Candidate - Howard H. Baker. Our Campaigns. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Howard H. Baker Sr.. Tennessee Encyclopedia. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 BAKER, Irene Bailey. US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 HOWARD H. BAKER, REPRESENTATIVE; Tennessee Republican Dies —Supporter of T.V.A.. The New York Times. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  7. ↑ George Washington Lee. Tennessee Encyclopedia. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  8. ↑ GPO-CRECB-1956-pt4-3.pdf. Congressional Record. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  9. ↑ HR 8601. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1960. APPROVAL BY THE HOUSE OF THE SENATE'S AMENDMENTS.. GovTrack.us. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  10. ↑ S.J. RES. 29. CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT TO BAN THE USE OF POLL TAX AS A REQUIREMENT FOR VOTING IN FEDERAL ELECTIONS.. GovTrack.us. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  11. ↑ Congressmen Attend Rites For Representative Baker. The New York Times. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  12. ↑ Hunt, Keel (June 29, 2014). Howard Baker's legacy: 'The other guy might be right'. Tennessean. Retrieved June 28, 2021.

External links

  • Profile at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
  • Profile at Find a Grave
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