U.S. "Party-switch" myth

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The alleged U.S. "party switch" claim made by liberals[1] ,and progressives[2] over decades is a political hoax and conspiracy theory that attempts to smear the Republican Party. The narrative, which has been crafted with the help of Communists (who infiltrated the Democrat Party over the decades[3] and who are known to lie, deceive, and engage in historical revisionism for the sake of being contrarian[4]), typically assumes that the Democrat and Republican parties "switched sides" during the 1960s, where the Republican Party somehow became the party of "racists" and the Democrats suddenly becoming the "champions of civil rights."[5] Many reputable historians and political scientists such as Carol Swain (see this video) and political commentators such as Bob Parks[6][7] strongly agree that the parties did not switch sides,[5] as the Democrats only switched strategies with Communist help.

While many modern leftists will note the liberal policies promoted by the Republican establishment for a while during the 1900s that dissipated in the 1960s to promote their myth, it's important to note the conservative roots of the early foundations of the Republican Party, as mentioned below. Leftists also falsely[8] characterize President Dwight D. Eisenhower as a liberal Republican[9][10] when he tended to favor conservative policies.[11]

Some leftists including the extremist hate group Occupy Democrats imply that the current Republican Party models past racist Democrats in using racially charged baiting to maintain their voter base.[12] This is false, as patriotic conservative Republicans since the party's foundation have consistently advocated for the same pro-civil rights, pro-human rights, pro-free market, pro-business, pro-tariff, and nationalist principles as well as emphasizing on individual responsibility. Furthermore, these liberal charges ignore the fact that the modern-day Democratic Party treats black voters in the same respect it regarded poor Southern whites in the past.

Civil Rights Act

See: Civil Rights Act of 1957 and Civil Rights Act of 1964
Map of electoral votes in the 1968 United States presidential election

Liberals often point to Lyndon B. Johnson's so-called advocacy for civil rights to push the myth. This was despite the fact that Johnson worked to water down the 1957 Civil Rights Act, weakening it down by removing the stringent voting protection clauses[13] in addition to adding a jury trial amendment,[14] which then-senator John F. Kennedy, joining segregationists at the urging of Johnson, voted for.[15] The latter was to ensure that little to no progress on civil rights would be made in the South, as the jury would almost certainly acquit the defendant.[14] It was afterwards that the legislation was passed, in which Johnson then supported in the final Senate floor vote.[16]

One of the most important aspects of perpetuating this myth is the faux talking point surrounding the response by Southern Dixiecrats to the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act.[17] The myth involves looking at a map of the 1960 Electoral map and comparing it to the 1964 Electoral map, all while ignoring the results of the 1968 Presidential Electoral map. Aided by leftist historians,[18] one is supposed to see the Democrats winning the South in 1960, losing it in 1964, and concluding that this must be where the "party switch" took place.

For this myth to hold, Republicans should have won the South in as large of numbers in 1968 as in 1964, though they didn't. In the United States presidential election of 1968, Republicans lost almost the entirety of the South. Democrat George Wallace, running on a third party ticket, took a bulk of the Deep South and Republicans even lost Texas to Humphrey.

Additionally, as correctly noted by Dinesh D'Souza, the passage of the Civil Rights Act had greater Republican support than it did Democrat support.[19]

BarryGoldwater.jpg HICKENLOOPER, BOURKE.jpg Norris Cotton.jpg
Some Republicans including senators Goldwater (left), Hickenlooper (center), and Cotton (right) who voted against the Civil Rights Act of 1964 were principled conservatives/libertarians who adamantly supported civil rights for blacks but opposed sections of the bill that would increase the size and scope of the federal government, despite leftist whitewashing that especially attempts to smear the Arizona senator as "racist".

So if there may have been some Southerners upset that the Civil Rights Act passed while blaming Democrats along the way, they would not have chosen as their home the Republican Party, who were the Act's greatest supporters. Of the 171 Republicans in the House in 1964, 136 of them voted for it.[20] Of the 33 Republicans in the Senate, 27 of them voted for it.[21] This is 79% of House Republicans, and 82% of Senate Republicans. It's furthermore important to note that all three Republican senators opposing the 1964 bill who were also in office during the 1957 Civil Rights Act (Barry Goldwater (R–AZ), Bourke Hickenlooper (R–IA), and Norris Cotton (R–NH)) had voted in favor of the latter.[16] Most Northern Republican representatives who voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act had also supported the 1957 bill,[22] while the Southern Republicans who voted against civil rights legislation were beholden to their constituencies over their party's support for civil rights.

On the Democrat side, 153 of 244 House and 46 of 67 Senate members voted yes. That is 63% of Democrat house members and 69% of Democrat Senate members. These numbers become even more bleak for the "party myth" idea when you compare the yes and no votes from Northern and Southern Democrats. Virtually every Southern Democrat voted against the Civil Rights Act, meaning that Southern voters had no reason to punish them. Additionally, while the bill was on the Senate floor it was the subject of filibustering from Southern Democrats for 57 days,[23] the longest filibuster in U.S. history. It was a Northern Republican, Everett Dirksen of Illinois, who broke the filibuster. Dirksen was a noted conservative, along with then-House Minority Leader Charles A. Halleck, a prominent member of the Conservative Coalition who was also an advocate for the legislation. The two became famous during the time, with the Congressional Leadership Statement then being known as "The Ev and Charlie Show".[24] Other conservative Republicans included Joseph W. Martin, a strong civil rights advocate from Massachusetts and leader of Coalition, though more moderate compared to Halleck; Leslie Arends; and Robert A. Taft.[25]

Democrat Sen. Albert Gore, Sr. fervently opposed the 1964 Civil Rights Act and unsuccessfully sought to weaken the bill.

Barry Goldwater, known for having been a staunch leader of the conservative wing of the Republican Party during the 60s, is often falsely smeared by liberals as a "racist" for having voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Among such, NPR has propagated mischaracterizations of the Arizona senator that have been refuted.[26] In contrast to whitewashing attempts by deceitful leftists, Goldwater was a strong proponent of civil rights, having voted in favor of the 1957 Civil Rights Act.[16] He had also been a member of the NAACP at the time, and his only opposition to the 1964 bill came from his objections to Titles II and VII on a constitutional basis in opposing excessive federal government powers,[27] stating:[28]

"It so happens that I am in agreement with the [anti-racial segregation] objectives of the Supreme Court as stated in the Brown decision. I am not prepared, however, to impose that judgment of mine on the people of Mississippi or South Carolina. . . . That is their business, not mine. I believe that the problem of race relations, like all social and cultural problems, is best handled by the people directly concerned . . . [and] should not be effected by engines of national power."

Note that this represents Goldwater's firm view that federal and state powers as directed by the Constitution and Bill of Rights should be firmly upheld; while liberals claim he was supposedly a "racist", he merely differed from others such as Everett Dirksen in his preferred approach to enacting civil rights.[28] Goldwater furthermore opposed and voted against an amendment introduced by Al Gore, Sr. to weaken the bill,[29][30] yet liberals attack the Arizona senator rather than Gore despite the latter's record in opposing civil rights.[31]

Sens. Hickenlooper and Cotton voted against the final passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act for the same reasons as Goldwater. Both were also strong conservatives who believed that while civil rights legislation was a priority and a necessity, parts of the bill would cause federal government overreach.[32][33] However, the two senators had also voted in favor of invoking cloture to end the Southern filibuster on the bill.[34]

The modern-day Democratic Party is mostly shaped by the party leadership of Lyndon Johnson, who made it much more liberal. Realizing that segregationists getting their way would destroy the party on a national level, he flip-flopped as president from his past opposition to civil rights in publicly announcing his support for and signing the 1964 Civil Rights Act; this ensured that the Democratic Party's history of racism could be whitewashed via deceit.[35] Johnson, a racist who privately held a strong contempt for blacks, was purported by credible accounts to have once said:[36]

“ I'll have them n*****s voting Democratic for 200 years. ”

Southern strategy

For a more detailed treatment, see Southern strategy.

There are several myths surrounding the so called Southern strategy, most notably, out-of-context quotes taken from a taped interview with Lee Atwater. The full context of the interview thoroughly refutes liberal deceit that has been perpetuated by leftists.[37]

Inconsistencies

See also: Liberal logic
Democrat Theodore G. Bilbo was an extremely racist Democrat from Mississippi who blocked anti-lynching legislation and an apologist for racial violence. He was noted as "a real friend of liberal government."[38]

The myth of the parties "switching" is very inconsistent with actual U.S. history. The Republican Party only became much more right-wing during the 1910s, after Theodore Roosevelt and his Republican progressives at the time split with the Taft-supporting conservatives. The Democrat Party arguably (according to some) became much more left-wing during the 1930s during the New Deal coalition era. Progressives who brainwash youth in the modern-day education system erase in history textbooks examples of certain racist liberals such as Hugo Black. They furthermore ignore the fact that many racist Democrats in the 30s were leftists who fervently supported the New Deal,[note 1] including Theodore Bilbo. It should also be noted liberal Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt's support came strongest from the Deep South in his election/re-election victories.

Former Sen. James William Fulbright of Arkansas, a noted segregationist, represents many aspects of the modern-day Democratic Party beyond racism; favoring globalist policies, promoting anti-Zionism, and especially becoming increasingly liberal over time. His legacy received the praise of Bill Clinton.[39]

With respect to the 1960s and the era when the parties are rumored to have "switched sides" en masse, a review of the senators and governors at the time tells a completely different story.[40] Since the end of Reconstruction in 1874 and 1967, Arkansas had no Republican governors; in the 53 years after 1967, Republicans have only occupied the governorship for 17 years. In fact, since the founding of the GOP until 2020, Republicans have only occupied the governors office in Arkansas for 21 out of 152 years. During the 93 years of an unbroken string of Democrat governors from 1874 until 1967, Democrat terrorists committed at least 237 known lynchings.[41]

It should be noted that the Congressional districts representing eastern Tennessee and northern Arkansas, during the Democrat "Solid South" days, voted reliably Republican and have since before the Civil War; as examples, the two Congressional Districts of Tennessee representing eastern Tennessee have voted Republican in every Congressional election since before the Civil War (with the exception of the 1st District electing a Democrat twice in the 1870's; the 2nd District's voting record is unbroken). This is because both areas were mountainous and thus not suited to plantation farming and the accompanying Democrat slave power. The shift in party loyalty from Democrat to Republican within the rest of the South had no change on party loyalty in these areas; they remain solidly Republican.[7]

Additionally, below is are tables showing the votes of Southern Democrat senators and congressmen on the Civil Rights Act. Many of those served for years both before and after the Act. Looking at the senators table, only one switched parties, and did so due to disenchantment toward the Democrats over racially-motivated Great Society programs and preference toward big government. Moreover, where Democrats did have their terms in office come to an end, for any number of reasons, their successors were also largely Democrats.

Despite referred to erroneously by many leftists as a "conservative Democrat", segregationist politician Richard Russell, Jr. favored liberal policies as a senator, including federal government initiatives/programs.[42]
Segregationist John Sparkman of Alabama held a liberal tenure in both the House and Senate.[43][44]

It was not until the Republican Revolution of 1994 that for the first time in modern American History the Republicans held a majority of Southern congressional seats, a full three decades after the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.[45] As the South became less racist, it became more Republican.[39]

  Southern Democrat senators  
State Name Vote[21] First took office Left office Joined Republicans? Successor's party affiliation
Alabama J. Lister Hill Nay April 26, 1938 January 3, 1969 Never Democrat
John Sparkman Nay November 6, 1946 January 3, 1979 Never Democrat
Arkansas J. William Fulbright Nay January 3, 1945 December 31, 1974 Never Democrat
John McClellan Nay January 3, 1943 November 28, 1977 Never Democrat
Florida Spessard Holland Nay September 25, 1946 January 3, 1971 Never Democrat
George Smathers Nay January 3, 1967 January 3, 1969 Never Democrat
Georgia Richard Russell, Jr. Nay January 12, 1933 January 21, 1971 Never Democrat
Herman Talmadge Nay January 3, 1957 January 3, 1981 Never Republican
Louisiana Allen J. Ellender Nay January 3, 1937 July 27, 1972 Never Democrat
Russell Long Nay December 31, 1948 January 3, 1981 Never Democrat
Mississippi James Eastland Nay January 3, 1943 December 27, 1978 Never Republican
John Stennis Nay November 5, 1947 January 3, 1989 Never Republican
North Carolina Sam Ervin Nay June 5, 1954 December 31, 1974 Never Democrat
Benjamin Jordan Nay April 19, 1958 January 3, 1973 Never Republican
South Carolina Olin Johnston Nay January 3, 1945 April 18, 1965 Never Democrat
Strom Thurmond Nay November 7, 1956 January 3, 2003 September 16, 1964 Republican
Tennessee Albert Gore, Sr. Nay January 3, 1953 January 3, 1971 Never Republican
Herbert Walters Nay August 20, 1963 November 3, 1964 Never Democrat
Texas[note 2] Ralph Yarborough Yea April 29, 1957 January 3, 1971 Never Democrat
Virginia Harry F. Byrd Nay March 4, 1933 November 10, 1965 Never Democrat
Absalom Robertson Nay November 6, 1946 December 30, 1966 Never Democrat
West Virginia Robert Byrd Nay January 3, 1959 June 28, 2010 Never Democrat
Jennings Randolph Nay November 5, 1958 January 3, 1985 Never Democrat
  Southern Democrat congressmen  
State Name Vote[20] First took office Left office Joined Republicans? Successor's party affiliation
Alabama George Andrews Nay March 14, 1944 December 25, 1971 Never Democrat
Carl Elliott Nay January 3, 1949 January 3, 1965 Never Republican
George Grant Nay June 14, 1938 January 3, 1965 Never Republican
George Huddleston, Jr. Nay 1954 1965 Never Republican
Robert E. Jones, Jr. Nay January 28, 1947 January 3, 1977 Never Democrat
Albert Rains Nay January 3, 1945 January 3, 1965 Never Democrat
Kenneth Roberts Nay January 3, 1951 January 3, 1965 Never Republican
Armistead Selden Nay January 3, 1953 January 3, 1969 1979 Democrat
Arkansas Ezekiel Gathings Nay January 3, 1939 January 3, 1969 Never Democrat
Wilbur Mills Nay January 3, 1939 January 3, 1977 Never Democrat
James Trimble Nay January 3, 1945 January 3, 1967 Never Republican
Oren Harris Nay January 3, 1941 February 3, 1966 Never Democrat
Florida Robert Sikes Nay January 3, 1941 January 3, 1979 Never Democrat
Charles E. Bennett Nay January 3, 1949 January 3, 1993 Never Republican
Claude Pepper Yea January 3, 1963 May 30, 1989 Never Republican
Dante Fascell Nay January 3, 1955 January 3, 1993 Never Democrat
Albert Herlong Nay January 3, 1949 January 3, 1969 1985 Democrat
Paul Rogers Nay January 3, 1955 January 3, 1979 Never Democrat
James A. Haley Nay January 3, 1953 January 3, 1977 Never Democrat (switched to Republican in 1984)
Billy Matthews Nay January 3, 1953 January 3, 1967 Never Republican
Don Fuqua Nay January 3, 1963 January 3, 1987 Never Democrat (switched to Republican in 1989)
Sam Gibbons Nay January 3, 1963 January 3, 1997 Never Democrat
Georgia George E. Hagan Nay January 3, 1961 January 3, 1973 Never Democrat
John L. Pilcher No vote February 4, 1953 January 3, 1965 Never Democrat
Elijah Forrester Nay January 3, 1951 January 3, 1965 Never Republican (since 1964)
John Flynt Nay November 2, 1954 January 3, 1979 Never Republican
Charles Weltner Yes January 3, 1963 January 3, 1967 Never Republican
Carl Vinson Nay November 3, 1914 January 3, 1965 Never Democrat
John Davis Nay January 3, 1961 January 3, 1975 Never Democrat
James Russell Tuten Nay January 3, 1963 January 3, 1967 Never Democrat
Philip Landrum Nay January 3, 1953 January 3, 1977 Never Democrat
Robert Stephens Nay January 3, 1961 January 3, 1977 Never Democrat
Louisiana Felix Edward Hébert No vote January 3, 1941 January 3, 1977 Never Democrat
Hale Boggs Nay January 3, 1947 January 3, 1973 Never Democrat
Edwin Willis Nay January 3, 1949 January 3, 1969 Never Democrat
Joseph D. Waggonner Nay December 19, 1961 January 3, 1979 Never Democrat
Otto Passman Nay January 3, 1947 January 3, 1977 Never Democrat
James Hobson Morrison Nay January 3, 1943 January 3, 1967 Never Democrat
Theo A. Thompson Nay January 3, 1953 July 1, 1965 Never Democrat
Gillis Long Nay January 3, 1963 January 3, 1965 Never Democrat
Mississippi Thomas Abernethy Nay January 3, 1943 January 3, 1973 Never Democrat
Jamie Whitten Nay November 4, 1941 January 3, 1995 Never Republican
John Bell Williams Nay January 3, 1947 January 16, 1968 Never Democrat
William Arthur Winstead Nay January 3, 1943 January 3, 1965 Never Republican
William Colmer Nay March 4, 1933 January 3, 1973 Never Republican (since 1972)
North Carolina Herbert C. Bonner Nay November 5, 1940 November 7, 1965 Never Democrat
Lawrence Fountain Nay January 3, 1953 January 3, 1983 Never Democrat
David Henderson Nay January 3, 1961 January 3, 1977 Never Democrat
Harold Cooley Nay July 7, 1934 December 30, 1966 Never Republican
Ralph Scott Nay January 3, 1957 January 3, 1967 Never Democrat
Horace Kornegay Nay January 3, 1961 January 3, 1969 Never Democrat
Alton A. Lennon Nay January 3, 1957 January 3, 1973 Never Democrat
Basil L. Whitener Nay January 3, 1957 January 3, 1969 Never Republican
Roy Arthur Taylor Nay June 25, 1960 January 3, 1977 Never Democrat
South Carolina Lucius Mendel Rivers Nay January 3, 1941 December 28, 1970 Never Democrat
Albert Watson Nay January 3, 1963 January 3, 1971 June 15, 1965 Republican (since 1962)
William Dorn Nay January 3, 1951 December 31, 1974 Never Democrat
Robert Ashmore Nay June 2, 1953 January 3, 1969 Never Democrat
John McMillan Nay January 3, 1939 January 3, 1973 Never Republican (since early 1960s)
Tennessee Joseph E. Evins Nay January 3, 1947 January 3, 1977 Never Democrat
Richard Fulton Yea January 3, 1963 August 14, 1975 Never Democrat
Ross Bass Yea January 3, 1955 November 3, 1964 Never Democrat
Thomas J. Murray Nay January 3, 1943 December 30, 1966 Never Democrat
Robert A. Everett Nay February 1, 1958 January 26, 1969 Never Democrat
Clifford Davis Nay February 14, 1940 January 3, 1965 Never Democrat
Texas Joseph R. Pool Nay January 3, 1963 July 14, 1968 Never Republican
John Wright Patman Nay March 4, 1929 March 7, 1976 Never Democrat
Jack Brooks Yea January 3, 1953 January 3, 1995 Never Republican
Lindley Beckworth Nay January 3, 1957 January 3, 1967 Never Democrat
Herbert Ray Roberts Nay January 30, 1962 January 3, 1981 Never Democrat (switched to Republican in 2004)
Olin Earl Teague Nay August 24, 1946 December 31, 1978 Never Democrat (switched to Republican in 1983)
John Dowdy Nay September 23, 1952 January 3, 1973 Never Democrat
Albert Richard Thomas Yea January 3, 1937 February 15, 1966 Never Democrat
Clark Thompson Nay August 23, 1947 December 30, 1966 Never Democrat
James Jarrell Pickle Yea December 21, 1963 January 3, 1995 Never Democrat
William Poage Nay January 3, 1937 December 31, 1978 Never Democrat
James C. Wright, Jr. Nay January 3, 1955 June 30, 1989 Never Democrat
Graham Purcell, Jr. Nay January 27, 1962 January 3, 1973 Never Republican
John A. Young Nay January 3, 1957 January 3, 1979 Never Democrat
Joseph Kilgore Nay January 3, 1955 January 3, 1965 Never Democrat
Omar Burleson Nay January 3, 1947 December 31, 1978 Never Democrat
Walter E. Rogers No vote January 3, 1951 January 3, 1967 Never Republican
George Mahon Nay January 3, 1935 January 3, 1979 Never Democrat (switched to Republican in 1985)
Henry B. González Yea November 4, 1961 January 3, 1999 Never Democrat
Ovie Clark Fisher Nay January 3, 1943 December 31, 1974 Never Democrat
Robert R. Casey Nay January 3, 1959 January 22, 1976 Never Republican
Virginia Thomas Downing Nay January 3, 1959 January 3, 1977 Never Republican
Porter Hardy Nay January 3, 1947 January 3, 1969 Never Republican
Julian Gary Nay March 6, 1945 January 3, 1965 Never Democrat
Watkins Abbitt Nay February 17, 1948 January 3, 1973 Never Republican
William Tuck Nay April 14, 1953 January 3, 1969 Never Democrat
John Marsh Nay January 3, 1963 January 3, 1971 1980s Republican
Howard W. Smith Nay March 4, 1931 January 3, 1967 Never Republican
William Pat Jennings Nay January 3, 1955 January 3, 1967 Never Republican
West Virginia Harley Staggers Yea January 3, 1949 January 3, 1981 Never Republican
John M. Slack, Jr. Yea January 3, 1963 March 17, 1980 Never Democrat
Kenneth Hechler Yea January 3, 1959 January 3, 1977 Never Democrat
Maude Elizabeth Kee Yea July 17, 1951 January 3, 1965 Never Democrat

Many progressive revisionist historians try to point to Senator Strom Thurmond as proof to their claim of some mass "party switch".[46] However, because Thurmond was among very few who did, he is an outlier. Conversely, several notable Senators remained as Democrats well into the 1970s. Two were Albert Gore, Sr. and J. William Fulbright, the latter of which was a mentor to future President Bill Clinton.[39]

Some liberal sources including The Guardian[47] and Vox Media[48] attempt to deceptively whitewash the historical context of the 60s by claiming that the issue was much more attributed to region than party, showing statistics that Northern Democrats were more supportive of civil rights than Northern Republicans and likewise for the South. However, it's important to note that there were very few Southern Republicans during the time in contrast to a higher proportion of Southern Democrats, deeming such an outlook entirely misleading. Furthermore, as the Republican Party barely held any significant political power in the South during the time, the few congressional Republicans in the area who opposed civil rights were mostly outliers compared to the party's overall strong backing of civil rights.

Party platforms

See also: Democrat plantation

Early history

The Democratic Platform Is For The White Man, 1869
See also: Democratic party

Despite sleazy left-wing smears, it is important to note that the first Republican Party platform in 1856 advocated "inalienable right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" in the idea that it applied to everyone and not just some.[49] In addition, it stressed the violations of due process, the right to bear arms, the right to freedom of speech, all that were "done with the knowledge, sanction, and procurement of the present National Administration". It also rejected rule by the sheer mighty, scoffing it as shameful and dishonoring.

Important notes to mention about the similarities between the Republican Party at the time of its foundation and in its present day are more numerous than many liberal Democrats would like to admit. Founded as a party opposed to slavery on the basis of universal human rights regardless of certain physical traits and characteristics, Republicans continue using the argument in the present day against abortion (see: Slavery and abortion). In addition, many early Republicans had recognized the right to bear arms as being vital, including black anti-lynching advocates such as Ida B. Wells, who said:

“ The lesson this teaches and which every Afro-American should ponder well, is that a Winchester rifle should have a place of honor in every black home, and it should be used for that protection which the law refuses to give.[50] ”
On the issue of trade, Republicans then supported economic protectionist measures and higher tariffs on foreign goods, as similar to the current economic nationalist wing of the Republican Party today led by Donald Trump. The early Republicans criticized polygamy in their first party platform as well, calling it a "twin relic of barbarism", similar to their opposition to the homosexual agenda today.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ While several Southern Democrats broke from FDR and joined the Conservative Coalition, it was a relatively small number.
  2. ↑ Note: Texas only had one Democrat senator in 1964; after Johnson resigned to become vice president, William Blakley was appointed as the interim. He lost in the 1961 special election to Republican John Tower, who would serve in the Senate until the mid-1980s.

References

  1. ↑ Why Did the Democratic and Republican Parties Switch Platforms?
  2. ↑ JPEG Image
  3. ↑ Multiple references:
  4. ↑ Lying, the Essence of Communism
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Republicans and Democrats Did Not Switch Sides on Race
  6. ↑ The Democrat Race Lie at Black & Blonde Media
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 The Dixiecrat Myth at Black & Blonde Media
  8. ↑ Dwight D. Eisenhower on tax cuts, and a balanced budget
  9. ↑ Eisenhower: The Last True Republican
  10. ↑ https://external-content.duckduckgo.com/iu/?u=https%3A%2F%2Fengineerofknowledge.files.wordpress.com%2F2012%2F01%2Fikes-warning.jpg&f=1&nofb=1
  11. ↑ Dwight Eisenhower on the Issues
  12. ↑ https://pics.me.me/understanding-trump-supporters-when-lbj-was-asked-why-poor-and-29382746.png
  13. ↑ The Civil Rights Act of 1957. history.house.gov.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 DiEugenio, James (October 7, 2018). The Kennedys and Civil Rights: How the MSM Continues to Distort History, Part 2. Kennedys and King. Retrieved February 14, 2021.
  15. ↑ HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957. AMENDMENT TO GUARANTEE JURY TRIALS IN ALL CASES OF CRIMINAL CONTEMPT AND PROVIDE UNIFORM METHODS FOR SELECTING FEDERAL COURT JURIES.. GovTrack.us. Retrieved February 14, 2021.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957.. GovTrack.us.
  17. ↑ The Great Party Switch,
  18. ↑ How the ‘Party of Lincoln’ Won Over the Once Democratic South
  19. ↑ Dinesh D'Souza: The secret history of the Democratic Party
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 H.R. 7152. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964. ADOPTION OF A RESOLUTION (H. RES. 789) PROVIDING FOR HOUSE APPROVAL OF THE BILL AS AMENDED BY THE SENATE.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 HR. 7152. PASSAGE.
  22. ↑ HR 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957.. GovTrack.us. Retrieved February 12, 2021.
  23. ↑ How the South Came to Rise Again: The Civil Rights Act of 1964
  24. ↑ "The Ev and Charlie Show"
  25. ↑ Edwards, Lee (October 29, 2020). The Political Thought of Robert A. Taft. Heritage Foundation. Retrieved February 14, 2021.
  26. ↑ NPR Wrong on Goldwater '64, Civil Rights, Say 4 Who Were There
  27. ↑ Barry M. Goldwater: The Most Consequential Loser in American Politics. Heritage Foundation.
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 Barry Goldwater on the Civil Rights Act: The Antecedent to Rand Paul
  29. ↑ Blacks “Gored” By a Lie: Al Gore Sr., the GOP and the Civil Rights Act of 1964, by R.D. Davis
  30. ↑ HR. 7152. GORE MOTION TO RECOMMIT TO THE JUDICIARY COMM. W/INSTRUCTIONS THAT IT REPORT IT BACK "FORTHWITH" W/THE AMEND. STATING THAT FEDERAL FUNDS SHOULD NOT BE W/DRAWN FROM ANY SCHOOL DISTRICT UNLESS THAT DISTRICT HAD DISOBEYED A COURT ORDER THAT IS DESEGREGATE. . GovTrack.us. Retrieved February 12, 2021.
  31. ↑ The Gore civil rights record. Washington Times.
  32. ↑ The First Hickenlooper. fascinatingpolitics.com. Retrieved February 19, 2021.
  33. ↑ The Pragmatism of Politics: Senator Norris Cotton and the Civil Rights Legislation in the 1960s. University of New Hampshire. Retrieved February 19, 2021.
  34. ↑ HR. 7152. MANSFIELD DIRKSEN MOTION THAT THE SENATE INVOKE CLOTURE ON THE SOUTHERN FILIBUSTER.. GovTrack.us. Retrieved February 19, 2021.
  35. ↑ Ehret, Jonathan (August 19, 2015). Lyndon Baines Johnson: Face of the Modern Democratic Party. American Thinker. Retrieved February 14, 2021. (Warning: Article contains foul language)
  36. ↑ Emery, David (July 27, 2016). Did LBJ Say ‘I’ll Have Those N*****s Voting Democratic for 200 Years’?. Snopes. Retrieved February 14, 2021. (Warning: Article contains foul, inappropriate language)
  37. ↑ Lee Atwater (1981): Interview with Alexander P. Lamis: Rough Transcript: Weekend Reading (Warning: Quotes in article contain foul, inappropriate language)
  38. ↑ Williamson, Kevin D. (June 23, 2019). New Deal . . . Conservatives?. National Review. Retrieved January 2, 2021.
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 39.2 Whitewashing the Democratic Party’s History. National Review.
  40. ↑ The Myth of Republican Racism
  41. ↑ http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/5467/
  42. ↑ Williamson, Kevind. (August 29, 2018). Was Senator Russell a ‘Conservative’ Democrat?/ National Review. Retrieved February 14, 2021.
  43. ↑ John J. Sparkman. Encyclopedia of Alabama. Retrieved February 14, 2021.
  44. ↑ JOHN SPARKMAN, 85, EX-SENATOR, DIES. The New York Times. Retrieved February 14, 2021.
  45. ↑ The Myth of the Republican-Democrat 'Switch', Dan O'Donnell
  46. ↑ The Republican Party’s Race Problem and Strom Thurmond’s Legacy
  47. ↑ Were Republicans really the party of civil rights in the 1960s?
  48. ↑ How the Republican Party went from Lincoln to Trump
  49. ↑ Republican Party Platform of 1856
  50. ↑ Ida B. Quote: The lesson...
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