Difference between revisions of "Hungary"
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'''Hungary''', officially the Republic of Hungary is located in [[Central Europe]]. Hungary joined the [[European Union]] on May 1, [[2004]]. The native people of Hungary are called [[Magyar]]. The capital city is [[Budapest]]. | '''Hungary''', officially the Republic of Hungary is located in [[Central Europe]]. Hungary joined the [[European Union]] on May 1, [[2004]]. The native people of Hungary are called [[Magyar]]. The capital city is [[Budapest]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==History== | ||
| + | [[Image:Arpadfeszty.jpg|thumb|left|250px|The arrival of the Magyars at the [[Carpathian Basin]].]] | ||
| + | {{main|History of Hungary}} | ||
| + | {{seealso|Kingdom of Hungary|Hungary before the Magyars}} | ||
| + | In the time of the [[Roman Empire]], the region west of the [[Danube river]] was known as [[Pannonia]]. After the [[Western Roman Empire]] collapsed under the stress of the migration of [[Germanic tribes]] and [[Carpia]]n pressure, the [[Migration Period]] continued bringing many invaders to [[Europe]]. Among the first to arrive were the [[Huns]], who built up a powerful empire under [[Attila the Hun|Attila]]. It is presently believed that the origin of the name "Hungary" does not come from the [[Central Asia]]n nomadic invaders called the [[Huns]], but rather originated from a later, [[7th century|seventh century]] [[Bulgar]] alliance called [[On-Ogour]], which in [[Old Turkic language|Old Turkish]] meant "(the) Ten Arrows"<ref name="OSZK">[http://www.oszk.hu/kiadvany/hsr/2000/notes.htm OSZK].</ref><ref name="EB">[http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-34784/Hungary Hungary], Encyclopædia Britannica.</ref>. | ||
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| + | After Hunnish rule faded, the [[Lombards]] and the [[Gepids]] ruled in Pannonia for about 100 years, during which the [[Slavic tribes]] began migrating into the region. In the 560s, the Slavs were supplanted by the [[Eurasian Avars|Avars]], who maintained their supremacy of the land for more than two centuries. The [[Franks]] under [[Charlemagne]] from the west and the [[Bulgars]] from the southeast managed to overthrow the Avars in the early [[9th century|ninth century]]. However, the Franks soon retreated, and the Slavonic kingdom of [[Great Moravia]] and the [[Balaton Principality]] assumed control of much of Pannonia until the end of the century. The [[Magyars]] migrated to Hungary in the late ninth century. | ||
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| + | Magyar tradition holds that the Country of the Magyars (''Magyarország'') was founded by [[Árpád]], who led the [[Magyars]] into the [[Pannonian plain]] in 896 AD. The "Ten Arrows" mentioned above referred to ten tribes, the alliance of which was the foundation of the army of the invading Magyars. | ||
Revision as of 10:35, April 24, 2007
| Republic of Hungary | |
|---|---|
| 250px
Flag of the Republic of Hungary | |
| Capital | Budapest |
| Government | |
| Official Language | Hungarian |
| President | László Sólyom |
| Area | 93,030 km² (109th) |
| Population (2007 estimate) | 10,076,581 (79th) |
| GDP (2007 estimate) | $169.875 billion (48th) |
| GDP per capita (2007 estimate) | $16,823[1] (39th) |
Hungary, officially the Republic of Hungary is located in Central Europe. Hungary joined the European Union on May 1, 2004. The native people of Hungary are called Magyar. The capital city is Budapest.
History
For a more detailed treatment, see History of Hungary.
Template:Seealso
In the time of the Roman Empire, the region west of the Danube river was known as Pannonia. After the Western Roman Empire collapsed under the stress of the migration of Germanic tribes and Carpian pressure, the Migration Period continued bringing many invaders to Europe. Among the first to arrive were the Huns, who built up a powerful empire under Attila. It is presently believed that the origin of the name "Hungary" does not come from the Central Asian nomadic invaders called the Huns, but rather originated from a later, seventh century Bulgar alliance called On-Ogour, which in Old Turkish meant "(the) Ten Arrows"[1][2].
After Hunnish rule faded, the Lombards and the Gepids ruled in Pannonia for about 100 years, during which the Slavic tribes began migrating into the region. In the 560s, the Slavs were supplanted by the Avars, who maintained their supremacy of the land for more than two centuries. The Franks under Charlemagne from the west and the Bulgars from the southeast managed to overthrow the Avars in the early ninth century. However, the Franks soon retreated, and the Slavonic kingdom of Great Moravia and the Balaton Principality assumed control of much of Pannonia until the end of the century. The Magyars migrated to Hungary in the late ninth century.
Magyar tradition holds that the Country of the Magyars (Magyarország) was founded by Árpád, who led the Magyars into the Pannonian plain in 896 AD. The "Ten Arrows" mentioned above referred to ten tribes, the alliance of which was the foundation of the army of the invading Magyars.