Difference between revisions of "Arab-Israeli conflict"
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The '''Arab-Israeli conflict''' ([[Arabic]] "الصراع العربي الإسرائيلي", [[Hebrew]] "הסכסוך הישראלי ערבי") is a term used to refer to the recurring conflict between the citizens of [[Israel]] and the Arab states of the [[Middle East]] (notably [[Egypt]], [[Syria]], [[Jordan]], [[Iraq]], and [[Lebanon]]). Many wars have been fought between the State of Israel and other Arab nations in the region. Today, Egypt and Jordan recognize Israel while the other Arab states do not. | The '''Arab-Israeli conflict''' ([[Arabic]] "الصراع العربي الإسرائيلي", [[Hebrew]] "הסכסוך הישראלי ערבי") is a term used to refer to the recurring conflict between the citizens of [[Israel]] and the Arab states of the [[Middle East]] (notably [[Egypt]], [[Syria]], [[Jordan]], [[Iraq]], and [[Lebanon]]). Many wars have been fought between the State of Israel and other Arab nations in the region. Today, Egypt and Jordan recognize Israel while the other Arab states do not. | ||
| − | <font size=1>Though, the first Arab attack on a Jewish | + | <font size=1>Though, the first Arab attack on a Jewish settlement was in 1886 in ''Petach Tikva'', that was a case of Arab intruders and the Jews gained the respect by defending themselves.<ref>Benjamin Lee Gordon. (1919). "New Judea: Jewish Life in Modern Palestine and Egypt." J. H. Greenstone, 1919. [https://books.google.com/books?id=vtQoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA174 p. 174]</ref></font> |
The all out campaign dates back to at least 1914, when the [[Ottoman]]s banned the [[Falastin]]<ref>Janrense Boonstra, "[https://books.google.com/books?id=mMEsAQAAIAAJ&q=%22falastin%22+%22racist%22 Antisemitism, a History Portrayed]", SDU / Anne Frank Foundation,' 1989, p. 101.<blockquote> | The all out campaign dates back to at least 1914, when the [[Ottoman]]s banned the [[Falastin]]<ref>Janrense Boonstra, "[https://books.google.com/books?id=mMEsAQAAIAAJ&q=%22falastin%22+%22racist%22 Antisemitism, a History Portrayed]", SDU / Anne Frank Foundation,' 1989, p. 101.<blockquote> | ||
Revision as of 19:53, June 14, 2021
The Arab-Israeli conflict (Arabic "الصراع العربي الإسرائيلي", Hebrew "הסכסוך הישראלי ערבי") is a term used to refer to the recurring conflict between the citizens of Israel and the Arab states of the Middle East (notably Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Iraq, and Lebanon). Many wars have been fought between the State of Israel and other Arab nations in the region. Today, Egypt and Jordan recognize Israel while the other Arab states do not.
Though, the first Arab attack on a Jewish settlement was in 1886 in Petach Tikva, that was a case of Arab intruders and the Jews gained the respect by defending themselves.[1]
The all out campaign dates back to at least 1914, when the Ottomans banned the Falastin[2] newspaper for inciting racist hatred. Then the newspaper was reinstated in April 1921. It caused great anxiety.[3]
Two other incidents in April added to Yishuv anxiety. In Jaffa, citrus-owner. Samuel Tolkowsky complained that Government permission for the reappearance of Falastin, which had been closed down by the Turks for incitement to race-hatred in April 1914, could only be a source of discouragement to 'moderate' Arabs and an official invitation to 'extremists'.
It was about a year after Haj Amin al-Husseini began his incitement to 1920-21 riots and the two worked then in concert.
See also
List of Conflicts
- 1929 Hebron massacre
- 1948 Arab-Israeli War
- Suez Crisis
- Six-Day War
- War of Attrition
- Yom Kippur War
- 1982 Lebanon War
- 1978-2000 South Lebanon conflict
- Gulf War
- Second Intifada
- 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict
- Operation Pillar of Defense
- Guardian of Walls
Further reading
- Tucker, Spencer C., ed. The Encyclopedia of the Arab-Israeli Conflict A Political, Social, and Military History (4 vol. 2008)
Myths and Facts: A Guide to the Arab-Israeli Conflict by Mitchell G. Bard
Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist-Arab Conflict by Benny Morris
The Fight for Jerusalem by Dore Gold
The Case for Israel by Alan M. Dershowitz
Info sites
Myths & Facts: A Guide to the Arab-Israeli Conflict
Fact and Fantasy in the Holy Land
Arab-Israeli conflict - Basic facts
The Smoking Gun: Arab Immigration into Palestine, 1922-1931
Israel Size Comparison Maps m]
Historical Accounts prior to conflict
The vast majority of travelogues and historical accounts of the Middle east describe this area as barren- that does not mean UN -populated- it does mean UNDER populated. Alexander Keith, recalling Volney's 1785 description (quoted above) fifty years later, commented: "In his day [Volney's] the land had not fully reached its last degree of desolation and depopulation." (The Land of Israel).
Other travelers and pilgrims recorded similar reports of the dreary state of the Land around the middle of the nineteenth century. Here are just a few examples:
Alphonse de Lamartine, in 1835: "...a complete eternal silence reigns in the town, on the highways, in the country ... the tomb of a whole people" (Recollections of the East, Vol. I, p. 308).
A contemporary German encyclopedia (Brockhaus, "Allegmeine deutsche Real- Encyklopaidie", Vol. VIII, p. 206, Leipzig, 1827) calls Palestine "desolate and roamed through by Arab robber-bands."
In 1849, the American W. F. Lynch described the desertion of Palestinian villages "caused by the frequent forays of the wandering Bedouin" (Narrative of the United States Expedition to the River Jordan and the Dead Sea, p. 489).
And again H. B. Tristram, in 1865: "... both in the north and south (of the Sharon plain), land is going out of cultivvation, and whole villages ar rapidly disappearing from the face of the earth. Since the year 1838, no less than 20 villages have been thus erased from the map (by the Bedouin) and the stationary population extirpated" (p. 490).
Mark Twain, 'Innocents Abroad' 1867:
""Desolate country whose soil is rich enough but is given over wholly to weeds - a silent mournful expanse ... We reached Tabor safely ... We never saw a human being on the whole route" (p. 451, 480); "There is not a solitary village throughout its (the Jezreel Valley's) whole extent - not for thirty miles in either direction. There are two or three small clusters of Bedouin tents but not a single permanent habitation. One may ride ten miles, hereabouts, and not see ten human beings" (p. 448); "Of all the lands there are for dismal scenery, I think Palestine must be the prince. The hills are barren ... the valleys are unsightly deserts... It is a hopeless, dreary, heartbroken land... Palestine is desolate and unlovely... Palestine is no more of this workday world. It is sacred to poetry and tradition - it is dreamland" (pp. 564, 567).
Referring to the same era, the Christian historian James Parkes writes in Whose Land?: "Peasant and Bedouin alike have contributed to the ruin of the countryside on which both depend for a livelihood... In spite of the immense fertility of the soil, it is probable that in the first half of the nineteenth century the population sank to the lowest level it had ever known in historic times."
In 1738, the land was described by the English archaeologist Thomas Shaw as "lacking in people to till its fertile soil" (Travels and Observations Relating to Several Parts of Barbary and the Levant). The French historian Conte Constantine Francois Volney writes:
"The peasants are incessantly making inroads on each other's lands, destroying their corn, durra, sesame and olive-trees, and carrying off their sheep, goats and camels. The Turks, who are everywhere negligent in repressing similar disorders, are attentive to them here, since their authority is very precarious. The Bedouin, whose camps occupy the level country, are continually at open hostility Alexander Keith, recalling Volney's 1785 description (quoted above) fifty years later, commented: "In his day [Volney's] tthe land had not fully reache its last degree of desolation and depopulation." (The Land of Israel).
Other travelers and pilgrims recorded similar reports of the dreary state of the Land around the middle of the nineteenth century. Here are just a few examples:
Alphonse de Lamartine, in 1835: "...a complete eternal silence reigns in the town, on the highways, in the country ... the tomb of a whole people" (Recollections of the East, Vol. I, p. 308).
A contemporary German encyclopedia (Brockhaus, "Allegmeine deutsche Real- Encyklopaidie", Vol. VIII, p. 206, Leipzig, 1827) calls Palestine "desolate and roamed through by Arab robber-bands."
In 1849, the American W. F. Lynch described the desertion of Palestinian villages "caused by the frequent forays of the wandering Bedouin" (Narrative of the United States Expedition to the River Jordan and the Dead Sea, p. 489).
And again H. B. Tristram, in 1865: "... both in the north and south (of the Sharon plain), land is going out of cultivvation, and whole villages ar rapidly disappearing from the face of the earth. Since the year 1838, no less than 20 villages have been thus erased from the map (by the Bedouin) and the stationary population extirpated" (p. 490).
Mark Twain, 'Innocents Abroad' 1867:
""Desolate country whose soil is rich enough but is given over wholly to weeds - a silent mournful expanse ... We reached Tabor safely ... We never saw a human being on the whole route" (p. 451, 480); "There is not a solitary village throughout its (the Jezreel Valley's) whole extent - not for thirty miles in either direction. There are two or three small clusters of Bedouin tents but not a single permanent habitation. One may ride ten miles, hereabouts, and not see ten human beings" (p. 448); "Of all the lands there are for dismal scenery, I think Palestine must be the prince. The hills are barren ... the valleys are unsightly deserts... It is a hopeless, dreary, heartbroken land... Palestine is desolate and unlovely... Palestine is no more of this workday world. It is sacred to poetry and tradition - it is dreamland" (pp. 564, 567).
History of Israel, from 1850-present
Further sites
In Memory of the Victims of Palestinian Violence and Terrorism in Israel - MFA
Scholars for Peace in the Middle East
Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs
Israel's War Against 'Palestinian' Terror
MEMRI: Middle East Media Research Institute (translating Arab media)
Amin Al Husseini - The Grand Mufti and father of today's jihad
In November 1941, the Mufti met with Hitler, who told him the Jews were his foremost enemy. The Nazi dictator rebuffed the Mufti's requests for a declaration in support of the Arabs, however, telling him the time was not right. The Mufti offered Hitler his “thanks for the sympathy which he had always shown for the Arab and especially Palestinian cause, and to which he had given clear expression in his public speeches....The Arabs were Germany's natural friends because they had the same enemies as had Germany, namely....the Jews....” Hitler replied. The Mufti and the Fuhrer
1941 The Farhud, the Mufti inspired Krystallnacht in Iraq
In 1948, nearly 900,000 Jews - indigenous to the Middle East and North Africa - lived in what are now known as the "Arab States." ~ Today, 99% of these indigenous Jewish communities no longer exist. ~ Arab governments forced us to leave, confiscated our personal and communal property and stripped us of our citizenships.
Jews Indigenous to the Middle East and North Africa
Basic articles
Twenty facts about Israel and the Middle East
Arab terrorism came before the (so called) "occupation"
Israel Is The Victim And The Arabs Are The Indefensible Aggressors In the Middle East
Who caused the Arab "refugee" problem? Refugee: Arab leaders told us to flee Israel in 1948
Israel's Right to Exist Questioned, Anti-Zionism or Anti-Semitism?
Israel and the Palestinians: no moral contest
The Next Screwing: Two causes of the Arab-Israeli conflict. The first is Arab racism, rejects any presence that isn't Arab in its neighborhood; the second is Islamic intolerance which leads to same rejection (JWR, April 14, 2003) [1]
How Strong Is the Arab Claim to Palestine?
The Arabs in the Holy Land - Natives or Aliens?
"Flaubert's Observations of Jerusalem and the Jews Living There [1850]"
Israel Has A Moral Right To Its Life Why reason and justice are on Israel's side
British National Archives unveil presence of Nazi S.S. agents in Mandatory Palestine, working closely with Palestinian leaders. Historical documents in Britain's National Archives in London show Nazis shipped arms to Palestinians
When being anti-Israel is anti-Semitic
March 2006 - 120 Years to first of Arabs' attack on Jews in "palestine" Israel, Petach Tikva 1886
As grand mufti, al Husseini presided as the Imam of the Al Aqsa mosque in ... 1929. Hebron Massacre, Amin Al-Husseini organizes more riots in Palestine
From Al Husseini to Hitler Radical Islam and the Nazi connection
Munich & morality tale of good vs. evil
The Islamization of Bethlehem by Arafat
The Islamization of the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict by M Litvak, 1998
Palestinian Crimes against Christian Arabs and their manipulation against Israel
THE BELEAGUERED CHRISTIANS OF THE PALESTINIAN-CONTROLLED AREAS
Gaza Christians sense pressure to convert to Islam - Reuters. Jul 26, 2012
Arabs Recognized Israel - 1919
The Middleeast porblem explained by the Prager University
- ↑ Benjamin Lee Gordon. (1919). "New Judea: Jewish Life in Modern Palestine and Egypt." J. H. Greenstone, 1919. p. 174
- ↑ Janrense Boonstra, "Antisemitism, a History Portrayed", SDU / Anne Frank Foundation,' 1989, p. 101.
The Grand Mufti of Jerusalem
In 1914, the periodical Falastin – with its extremist Arab nationalist slant - was abolished by the Ottoman authorities because of its racist hate propaganda. The periodical had agitated against the immigration of Jewish refugees from Russia.
In the Twenties, the publication reappeared and led campaigns against Jewish immigration.
As a result of anti-Jewish propaganda and terror, the British government took measures between the Twenties and the Forties to restrict Jewish immigration to Palestine.
In 1921, an extremist, pan-Arab nationalist , Haji Amin al-Huseini, was appointed Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, a religious leader.
Three weeks after his appointment, he led a pogrom in which forty-three Jews were murdered.
From the beginning of the Second World War the Mufti led a rebellion of Iraqis, Syrians and Lebanese with support from Nazi Germany against the Allied Forces...
- ↑ Elie Kedourie, Sylvia G. Haim: 'Zionism and Arabism in Palestine and Israel' (RLE Israel and Palestine), Taylor & Francis, 2015. p. 8 [2]