Hezbollah

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Hezbollah (حزب الله, "Party of Allah"; sometimes spelled Hizbullah, Hezbullah, or Hezballah) is a Shi'a Islamic terrorist organization based in Lebanon.[1] Founded in 1982, its primary goal is the elimination of the state of Israel. Its current Secretary General, Hassan Nasrallah, has publicly stated: "if Jews all gather in Israel, it will save us the trouble of going after them worldwide."[2] In 2004, the organization's privately controlled TV broadcast station Al-Manar was banned in France for inciting racial hatred and Holocaust denial.

Overview

Funded and armed by the Islamic Republic of Iran, the group's first major terrorist attacks were the April 1983 U.S. Embassy bombing in which 63 people were killed and the 1983 Beirut barracks bombing in which 241 American military personnel were killed. While Iran is still the major source of their funding, they also receive financial backing from South America and U.S. law enforcement officials estimate that smugglers of illegal cigarettes in the United States provide millions of dollars to the group.

Armed with rockets with ranges varying from 13 to 100 kilometers, the group subjects Israel to constant cross-border bombardment; this led to the 2006 Lebanon War. Hezbollah claims that its attacks are aimed at military bases inside Israel, but most of the attacks are actually directed at civilian areas and have hit pedestrians, hospitals, schools and private homes.[3]

In addition to their military operations, Hezbollah is a Lebanese political party. They hold 14 of the 128 seats in Lebanon's Parliament and 11 of 30 seats in the nation's cabinet.[4]

Funding

Dirty Money, Blood Money

Criminal funding

The Lebanese Shiite Terrorist Organization has been highlighted as a profile in "Crime and Terrorism" - Hezbollah's Criminal activity is widely in Lebanon and worldwide [5], or what researches call: "various criminal enterprises to raise funds for Hezbollah." [6] Among the illegal, criminal methods of the Islamic group is wide fraud, drug trafficking, credit card fraud & cigarette smuggling, it has been known that "Cigarette Smuggling Funds Terrorism." [7] [8] In a 2009 report on "Hezbollah: narco-Islamism Middle East Strategy at Harvard" researchers have found that: 'more than any other Islamist group, Hezbollah has a long record of engaging in criminal activity to support its activities.' [9] [10]

South America

The 'Hezbollah's global finance network' includes "The Triple Frontier" (in South America) - "Argentina, Brasil & Paraguay." [11], [12]

There's an extensive report on "Hezbollah and the Drug Trade in South America" - Hezbollah is active in the drug trade in Colombia, a web of criminality that extends from Lebanon to Africa to South America. [13]

U.S.

The Washington Times had an editorial (2005) on 'Hezbollah in America,' a 41-year-old businessman, was arrested at his Dearborn home on charges of smuggling funds to Hezbollah.[14] In 2009, a grand jury in Philadelphia indicted four men in connection with a plot to support Hezbollah through schemes like buying machine guns.[15]

Europe

There's a serious "Hezbollah's Terrorist Threat to the European Union" writes The Heritage (2007) [16]. From a report on "Hezbollah Around the World" - Arabs, Muslims in Germany have been key fund raising center for Hezbollah. through crimes of: drug trafficking, weapons and people smuggling, document and currency fraud. [17]

U.S. Mexican border

Hezbollah is also accused of using the same southern narcotics routes that Mexican drug kingpins use, that Hezbollah members have entered the U.S. border through drug cartel. [18][19] The Pittsburgh Tribune-Review wrote an article on ‎Apr 10, 2009, "The Hezbollah threat: It's here, now." [20]

Blood diamonds

The Associated Press reported on "Blood diamonds fund Hezbollah" (2004): that Lebanon's Hezbollah guerrilla movement is systematically siphoning profits from West Africa's multimillion-dollar diamond trade, in part by threatening the Lebanese merchants who long have handled much of the region's diamond business, US diplomats in West Africa charge.

The pervasive claim is wider on organised and co-ercive Hezbollah profiteering from West Africa's diamond trade than most US officials have previously acknowledged.

"One thing that's incontrovertible is the financing of Hezbollah. It's not even an open secret; there is no secret," Larry Andre, deputy chief of mission for the US Embassy in diamond-rich Sierra Leone, told The Associated Press. [21][22]

T. Schure wrote in "Blood Diamonds: Still Bloody" (May 14, 2010)

West Africa is a well known transit center for smuggled diamonds, especially for Lebanese traders, with many sales funding criminal and terrorist groups. European and American intelligence sources have long known that Hezbollah has raised significant amounts of money in West Africa through the largely Shiite Muslim Lebanese communities in Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso and Togo. There are an estimated 120,000 Lebanese in West Africa, mostly involved in import-export businesses.</blocklquote>

[23]

Douglas Farah in the Washington Post:"Digging Up Congo's Dirty Gems; Officials Say Diamond Trade Funds Radical Islamic Groups", that diamond dealers and intelligence sources said Hezbollah and other groups buy diamonds in. Congo -- sometimes through middlemen, sometimes directly.

European and American intelligence sources have long known that Hezbollah has raised significant amounts of money in West Africa through the largely Shiite Muslim Lebanese communities in Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso and Togo. There are an estimated 120,000 Lebanese in West Africa, mostly involved in import-export businesses.

"Hezbollah is active in all these countries and are deeply involved in many businesses across the region," said one European official tracking the movement. "It is only a small part of the Lebanese community that is sympathetic, but many people contribute to them just to keep Hezbollah off their backs."

For at least 20 years, Hezbollah had also raised some cash through the sale of diamonds from Sierra Leone, intelligence sources said. Bah, they said, was long suspected of brokering diamond deals through buyers connected to Hezbollah, assisted by sympathetic Lebanese businessmen across the region. [24]

Regional plans

Amongst its stated objectives is the establishment of a Shiite theocracy in Lebanon. [25] Hezbollah's goal is the establishment of an Islamic state encompassing Lebanon and Israel. [26] Many in the Lebanese Christian diaspora, beyond the reach of Hezbollah intimidation, speak out forcefully against turning Lebanon into a Shia theocracy emulating Iran. [27]

Character, racism, fascism

A writer in the Christian Science Monitor explains that "Hizbullah's real goal is racist: To free the Middle East holy lands of Jews... Hizbullah's goal is not the "liberation" of Palestine. Its members are not Palestinian. They are Islamic extremists who want to "liberate" all Islamic land."[28]

Its Al-Manar television is infamous for being racist, Several European countries, including France, Spain, Germany and the Netherlands, as well as Australia, have also taken measures to block Al-Manar. In March 2005, the broadcasting regulators in the European Union agreed to ban satellite broadcasting of Al-Manar on the basis that the channel carried racist material and incitement. As a result, several satellite service providers, most of them European, dropped Al-Manar, making it unavailable in North and South America, Asia and Australia. Al-Manar, is, however, still available in Europe through Arab satellite companies and its Web site offers English, French and Spanish translations of its material. [29]

On its TV, Jews are termed pigs and monkeys (stemming from radical Islamic teaching of "apes & pigs" - branding Christians as pigs, Jews as apes [5][6][7][8][9][10]) and the Holocaust is denied. Participants in a network-sponsored symposium urge that Israel "be completely wiped out" and "just like Hitler fought the Jews" the "great Islamic nation of Jihad" should "fight the Jews and burn them." [30]

It has been written in an article titled "Hezbollah's Nazi roots" that "Hezbollah's Nazi salute evokes memories of Hitler's support for Arab agitators such as the Grand Mufti (al-Husayni) of Jerusalem and the leaders of a pro-Nazi coup."[31]

Iran's arm: "Big Satan, Little Satan" & martyrdom philosophy

Israel and the United States as Portrayed in the Doctrine of Hezbollah: Hatred of Israel (“that vile microbe”) and the Jewish people, --As an arm of Iran it regards, [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] and it seeks to-- Eradicating the 'Little Satan' Hatred of the United States (“the big Satan”) The doctrine of Hezbollah: Suicide attacks (“the shortest road to Allah”) are of supreme value. [38]

Global Plans

The Associated Press reported in May, 2010, that a Muslim cleric calls for 'Greater Iran' - Shi'ite Islamic union would stretch from Afghanistan to Israel. Ayatollah Mohammad Bagher Kharrazi said the creation of what he termed an "Islamic United States" is a central aim of the political party he leads - called Hizbullah, or Party of God. He added that he hoped to make his vision a reality if the party won the next presidential election. "The Islamic United States will be an introduction to the formation of the global village of the oppressed and that will be a prelude to the single global rule of the Mahdi," the newspaper quoted him as saying. [39][40]

Violence, Bloodshed

Regional: Lebanon, Israel

Their known spreading of violence & bloodshed includes:

Terror attack on US embassy

The attack on the U.S. Embassy in Beirut, Lebanon on April 18, 1983 . The bombing was carried out via a stolen van, carrying 2000 pounds of explosives, slamming into the embassy, killing 63 people. [41] [42] [43][44][45]

Terror attack on peacekeeping US marine

The attack on U.S. Marine Barracks in Oct. 1983. [46] Hezbollah conducted simultaneous suicide truck bombings against the two buildings housing U.S. Marines and French paratroopers in Beirut, killing 241 Marines and 58 French soldiers who were in Lebanon as part of a multinational peacekeeping mission. [47] [48] [49] [50] A US federal judge found (in 2003) Iran liable for the 1983 bombing of a US marine barracks. [51] [52]

Targeting Israeli civilians

Hezbollah has been targeting Israeli civilians, for years. since the 1980s, its main weapon - firing missiles into residential areas.[53][54] [55] [56] [57] [58] [59] [60]

Use of its civilian population in war

Use of Lebanese as human shields [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] [66], (copying the Arab-Palestinian tactics routine [11] [12] [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]), this crime has been categorized as a "Hezbollah specialty" [67], even using the U.N.[68], in their initiated war with Israel, A.) to cause casualties among their own Arab population, especially among children, in order to generate sympathy and an outcry in the Arab world. B.) Hated Israelis' image get tarnished, an "important" goal in it of itself to make the Zionists look as "killers." C.) To cripple Israel's humane army to respond, thus enables them to come out as "heroes." [69] & saviours against the Zionist enemy."

Subjugation, persecution

Hezbollah has a long history of persecuting Christians, decries a Lebanese author.[70]

The writer W. Phares explains on the suffering of civilians, especially since Hezbollah's take over in 2000:

Such takeover by the Jihadist militia was expected to provoke an exodus by thousands of civilians who would have been subjected to Hezbollah’s persecution. However suddenly on May 23, the Israeli Government then under Prime Minister Ehud Barak ordered a quick pull out from the security zone without waiting for the local force, at the time known as ‘South Lebanon Army’ (SLA) to be transferred under the United Nations or to operate as a local force to stop Hezbollah until the UN would decide what to do. The population of the “security zone” was about 150,000 counting the district of Jezzine; and its local forces were about 3,000 strong. the make up of the population was Christian, Shia and Druse with some Sunni villages to the East. To their north Hezbollah had massed its forces backed by Iranian Pasdaran advisors. Between 1984 and 2000 Hezbollah launched several offensives against the SLA positions but was unable to overrun them permanently.

[71]

Civil war

Some of civil war/clashes waged on the Lebanese by the Hezbollah:

In Jan. 2007, clash pits Hezbollah against rule in Lebanon. The police said at least three people died and 100 more were wounded throughout the country in the violence. [72] [73]

"Rival factions return to arms as Lebanon stares into the abyss" in Nov 2007.[74]

eIn May 8, 2008 Clashes erupted as Hezbollah chief Hassan Nasrallah claims 'War' [75], clashes between Hezbollah and Druze continued in Lebanon for the 5th day, it erupted in Lebanon's northern port city of Tripoli, as fighting between the Hezbollah militia and its rivals grew. [76][77] The Lebanese army said it will intervene, it will use force from to stop fighting, which brough the overall toll to 81 dead and about 250 wounded. [78] [79]

In July 2008, fighting among Lebanese government and the Islamic Hezbollah terrrorists categorized as "Sectarian battles," the battles killed six, wounded 50. [80][81][82]

In 28 Aug 2008, Hezbollah has "brazenly attacked the Lebanese Army" – in its shooting-attack on an army helicopter, killing 1st Lt. Samer Hanna and wounding several others – so say the leaders of Lebanon’s pro-democracy movement. This is not the first time Hezbollah has attacked the Lebanese government. But it is one of the boldest attacks to date against the army. Hezbollah kills Lebanese Army Officer. [83]

Iraq

Already in November 24, 2003, The New York Times elaborated in an article: "A region inflamed, the hand of Tehran," Hezbollah, in Iraq, that Hezbollah, the Iranian-backed Shiite group, has established a significant presence in Iraq.[84]

In 2006. U.S. Officials said: "Hezbollah Training Iraqi Shiite Militia Group.“ [85][86]

The Wall Street Journal wrote (2007) on Iran's Proxy War, The involvement of Hezbollah in Iraq. [87]

The BBC reported on additional proof, US officials had in 2007 of the link. [88] In an article on Iran in Iraq, the Washington Post wrote on Iran's Hezbollah soldiers and methods in the war in Iraq.[89] the CNN reported on a Hezbollah agent played deaf before confessing, the top special operations officer with Lebanon's Hezbollah militia pretended to be deaf and mute when he was captured in Iraq.[90]

In 2008, there were reports on Hezbollah training Iraqis in Iran[91] Iraqi president Jalal Talabani charged (May, 2008) Hezbollah interference, in a Baghdad interview, he accused the leader of the Lebanon-based Hezbollah of meddling in Iraq's affairs.[92]

In May, 2010, the US said that Syria must curb arm shipments to Hezbollah, top US diplomat has urged Syria to do more to prevent arms shipments to the militant Lebanese Hezbollah and stem the flow of militants into Iraq.[93]

Somalia

The New York Times reported on Hezbollah in Somalia. [94] From NPR (November 15, 2006), the "U.N. Report ties Somali Islamists to Hezbollah," in an alarming report about the situation in Somalia. [95]

Afghanistan

Hezbollah Link in the war in Afghanistan have been found. [96]

Sudan

The Hezbollah, reportedly, is very supportive of Al-Bashir's genocide in the Sudan. [97]

Egypt

In 2009, the BBC reported that Egypt was 'hunting Hezbollah suspects'[98], prosecutor accused Hezbollah of plotting attacks in Egypt, of sending operatives to Egypt to carry out attacks in the country and to smuggle weapons.[99] [100] [101] On Apr 2010 An Egyptian court convicted 26 men of belonging to a Hezbollah cell. [102] The Hezbollah Plot exposed Egypt's shared interests with Israel.[103] Analysts said that the Egypt-Hezbollah standoff dents Egypt-Iran relations.[104]

Azerbaijan

Hezbollah plotted embassy attack' in Azerbaijan - was revealed in 2009. A trial under way in Azerbaijan of two Hezbollah members and four Azeris, where prosecutors drew a link between Iranian-backed Hezbollah terror missions. [105][106]

Europe

Among the highlighted terror crimes of the Hezbollah is the: TWA Hijacking, June 14, 1985: A Trans-World Airlines flight was hijacked en route to Rome from Athens by two Lebanese Hizballah terrorists, (the two terrorists were brandishing grenades and pistols) and forced to fly to Beirut. The eight crew members and 145 passengers were held for seventeen days, during which one American hostage, a U.S. Navy sailor, was murdered. After being flown twice to Algiers, the aircraft was returned to Beirut after Israel released 435 Lebanese and Palestinian prisoners. [107][108][109][110] [111][112]

In 2009, there was a report of a "Massive Hezbollah Terror Attack Against Israeli Target In Europe," that has been thwarted. [113]

South America

US designated two Hezbollah operatives in Venezuela as terrorists- Hezbollah has used the tri-border region between Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay to recruit, train, raise and launder money, and plot attacks. [114]

Venezuela's Hugo Chavez (Called a dictator & has close ties with the Mullahcracy theocracy dictatorship of the Islamic Republic of Iran [115] [116]) has publicly supported a Hezbollah candidate for the Lebanese government, he was a supporter of Hezbollah during the 2006 war in Lebanon; afterward, the group placed signs in Lebanon proclaiming "Gracias, Chavez!" He openly invited Hezbollah members to live in Venezuela. Venezuela's embassies in the Middle East have been used to launder Hezbollah's dirty money, per investigation by the U.S. Treasury Dept In January 2010, Israeli intelligence released information that Chavez shipped heavy arms to Hezbollah the year before; the ship originated in Venezuela, stopped in Iran and docked in Lebanon. [117]

Chavez has a close relationship with Iran's President Ahmedinejad. The two leaders regularly visit each other. In 2007, they instituted weekly flights between Tehran and Caracas. Interestingly, the aircraft stops one place - Damascus, Syria. Journalists and others have tried to book a seat on the aircraft and have been denied. The passenger and cargo manifests are kept secret.

In an article (2009) in Forbes Magazine it was discussed how an attack by Israel against Gaza could be fought asymmetrically by Hezbollah - with help from Venezuela and Chavez. [118]

Hezbollah & Iran attacked the Israel's embassy in Argentina in 1992, in which 29 people were killed. [119] [120] [121] [122]

Hezbollah and Iran both are also charged, via clear evidence, by Argentinian court, with the (civilian building) Amia terror bombing which killed 85 and wounded 300. [123][124][125][126], furthermore, Argentina accuses Iran of meddling in probe of the 1994 Jewish center bombing[127], the investigation finds Iranian, Hezbollah and Syrian involvement. [128]

Haaretz wrote in detail on "How Iran planned the Buenos Aires blast - 1994" [129]

External links

  • Hezbollah builds a Western base, From inside South America’s Tri-border area, Iran-linked militia targets U.S. By Pablo Gato and Robert Windrem, NBC News, May 9, 2007. Retrieved from MSNBC.com June 4 2007.

References

  1. ↑ It has been declared a terrorist organization by the United States, Canada, Israel, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Australia. See:
  2. ↑ The Daily Star (Beirut) October 23, 2002
  3. ↑ Rocket Attacks on Civilians in Israel Are War Crimes 5 August 2006 "Israel/Lebanon: Hezbollah Must End Attacks on Civilians". Accessed 17 February 2008
  4. ↑ Hezbollah information from the Council on Foreign Relations
  5. ↑ http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/malam_multimedia/English/eng_n/html/hezbollah.htm
  6. ↑ http://www.amazon.com/Lightning-Out-Lebanon-Hezbollah-Terrorists/dp/0345475682
  7. ↑ http://www.newsmax.com/archives/articles/2005/2/13/135754.shtml
  8. ↑ http://www.goofigure.com/UserGoofigureDetail.asp?gooID=5094
  9. ↑ http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/mesh/2009/03/hezbollah-narco-islamism/
  10. ↑ http://counterterrorismblog.org/2007/11/hezbollah_financing_through_cr.php
  11. ↑ http://www.meib.org/articles/0201_l2.htm
  12. ↑ http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Front_Page/HH03Aa01.html
  13. ↑ http://www.investigativeproject.org/documents/testimony/313.pdf
  14. ↑ http://www.washtimes.com/op-ed/20050519-092915-7312r.htm
  15. ↑ http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/25/us/25philly.html?_r=1
  16. ↑ http://www.heritage.org/Research/Testimony/Hezbollahs-Terrorist-Threat-to-the-European-Union
  17. ↑ http://www.adl.org/main_Terrorism/hezbollah_overview.htm?Multi_page_sections=sHeading_7
  18. ↑ http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2009/mar/27/hezbollah-uses-mexican-drug-routes-into-us/print/
  19. ↑ http://www.marketwatch.com/news/story/hezbollah-using-drug-smuggling-routes/story.aspx?guid=%7BA14CB7E3-86EE-4ECE-A417-E31BF77E65FD%7D&dist=msr_2
  20. ↑ http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/opinion/s_620146.html
  21. ↑ http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/Blood-diamonds-fund-Hezbollah-20040629
  22. ↑ http://archive.wn.com/2004/07/02/1400/diamond/sale.html
  23. ↑ http://www.worldpress.org/Africa/3543.cfm
  24. ↑ D. Farah, "Digging Up Congo's Dirty Gems; Officials Say Diamond Trade Funds Radical Islamic Groups," Washington Post, 30 December, 2001 [1][2] [3] qdt in:[4]
  25. ↑ http://www.aph.gov.au/Library/pubs/rn/2002-03/03rn42.htm
  26. ↑ http://www.adl.org/terrorism/symbols/hezbollah.asp
  27. ↑ http://www.boston.com/news/world/middleeast/articles/2006/08/08/death_and_destruction_are_hezbollahs_goals/
  28. ↑ http://www.csmonitor.com/2006/0727/p09s01-coop.html
  29. ↑ http://www.adl.org/main_terrorism/hezbollah_overview.htm?Multi_page_sections=sHeading_8
  30. ↑ http://www.boston.com/news/world/middleeast/articles/2006/08/08/death_and_destruction_are_hezbollahs_goals/
  31. ↑ http://www.canada.com/nationalpost/news/issuesideas/story.html?id=e3157f0d-21ad-41e9-b26e-a3c06a460e73
  32. ↑ http://archive.newsmax.com/archives/articles/2007/3/30/204228.shtml?s=lh
  33. ↑ http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/GC25Ak04.html
  34. ↑ http://www.ict.org.il/Articles/tabid/66/Articlsid/231/currentpage/10/Default.aspx
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  43. ↑ http://www.americanmemorialsite.com/beirutembassy.html
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  45. ↑ http://www.americans-working-together.com/american_veterans/id93.html
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  47. ↑ http://www.stratfor.com/hezbollah_irans_ace_hole
  48. ↑ http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/textual/topics/marinesleb.htm
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  50. ↑ http://www.nydailynews.com/news/us_world/2008/02/14/2008-02-14_hezbollah_terror_thug_behind_83_lebanon_.html
  51. ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/2951938.stm
  52. ↑ http://www.cnn.com/2003/LAW/05/30/iran.barracks.bombing/
  53. ↑ http://www.haaretz.com/news/barak-to-un-hezbollah-arms-target-israeli-civilians-1.266260
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  56. ↑ http://www.wnd.com/?pageId=37034
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  60. ↑ http://www.mfa.gov.il/NR/exeres/9EE216D7-82EF-4274-B80D-6BBD1803E8A7,frameless.htm?NRMODE=Published
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  70. ↑ http://www.independentconservative.com/2006/08/02/hezbollah_kills_christians_part2/
  71. ↑ http://www.familysecuritymatters.org/publications/id.6309/pub_detail.asp
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  83. ↑ http://www.analyst-network.com/article.php?art_id=2389
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  97. ↑ http://www.istockanalyst.com/article/viewiStockNews+articleid_2432545&title=Lebanese_Hezbollah_Holds.html
  98. ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7996665.stm
  99. ↑ http://www.monstersandcritics.com/news/middleeast/news/article_1469836.php/Prosecutor_accuses_Hezbollah_of_plotting_attacks_in_Egypt__Roundup
  100. ↑ http://uk.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUKL8213444
  101. ↑ http://www.voanews.com/english/2009-04-08-voa48.cfm
  102. ↑ http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/29/world/middleeast/29cairo.html
  103. ↑ http://www.forward.com/articles/104793/
  104. ↑ http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-04/13/content_11180887.htm
  105. ↑ http://www.ijn.com/ijn-news/international/1017-iran-hezbollah-plotted-embassy-attack-in-azerbaijan
  106. ↑ http://jta.org/news/article/2009/05/31/1005514/hezbollah-plot-to-bomb-azerbaijan-embassy-foiled
  107. ↑ http://www.fas.org/irp/threat/terror_chron.html
  108. ↑ http://www.fbi.gov/page2/jan06/longarm010506.htm
  109. ↑ http://army.mil/terrorism/1989-1980/index.html
  110. ↑ http://terrorism.grady.uga.edu/history/analysistwa.html
  111. ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/30/newsid_2527000/2527337.stm
  112. ↑ http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/10/20011010-1.html
  113. ↑ http://www.nationalterroralert.com/updates/2009/01/28/report-massive-hezbollah-terror-attack-against-israeli-target-in-europe-thwarted/
  114. ↑ http://www.treas.gov/press/releases/hp1036.htm
  115. ↑ http://www.doublex.com/blog/xxfactor/adios-democracy
  116. ↑ http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2010/03/08/sean-penn-wants-reporters-jailed-calling-chavez-dictator/
  117. ↑ http://www.israeltoday.co.il/default.aspx?tabid=178&nid=20408
  118. ↑ http://www.forbes.com/2009/01/21/venezuela-iran-terror-oped-cx_mr_des_0121rowanschoen.html
  119. ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7242383.stm
  120. ↑ http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/para/hizballah.htm
  121. ↑ http://www.haaretz.com/news/argentina-iran-behind-bombs-at-israeli-embassy-jewish-center-1.235493
  122. ↑ http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Terrorism/argentina.html
  123. ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6085768.stm
  124. ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/3179861.stm
  125. ↑ http://www.intelligence.org.il/eng/eng_n/argentina_e.htm
  126. ↑ http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4188/is_20061026/ai_n16818404
  127. ↑ http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/787765.html
  128. ↑ http://www.adl.org/Terror/terror_buenos_aries_attack.asp
  129. ↑ http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/pages/ShArt.jhtml?itemNo=273898&contrassID=2&subContrassID=1&sbSubContrassID=0:
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