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[[Image:Kyoto 2.jpg|right|240px]]

[[Image:Kyoto 2.jpg|right|240px]]

'''Kyoto''' is a city in the island of [[Honshu]], in [[Japan]]; an ancient imperial capital. Kyoto has 1.6 million inhabitants, and important Japanese cultural assets (Architecture, gardens, palaces and Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines). Kyoto is part of the [[Osaka]]-[[Kobe]]-Kyoto metropolitan area.

'''Kyoto''' is a city in the island of [[Honshu]], in [[Japan]]. Kyoto served as Japan's imperial capital for more than a thousand years (794-1868) and in the 21st century is still one of Japan's leading cultural centers.  

::''Capital of Japan from 794 until the 1868 "Meiji Restoration", this city is cupped in a ring of mountains and cut through by rivers. It is home of several UNESCO World Heritage sites.'' [http://www.yamasa.org/japan/english/destinations/kyoto/index.html] The UNESCO [[World Heritage Site]]  encompasses several locations in Japan (Kyoto, Otsu, Uji and [[Nikko]] Cities, and Shiretoko, in northeastern [[Hokkaido]]).  

Kyoto today has 1.6 million inhabitants, and important Japanese cultural assets (Architecture, gardens, palaces and Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines). Kyoto is part of the [[Osaka]]-[[Kobe]]-Kyoto metropolitan area.

Kyoto is most well known in the western world for being the city in which the [[Kyoto Protocol]] was drafted.

The city is cupped in a ring of mountains and cut through by rivers. It is home of several UNESCO World Heritage sites.'' [http://www.yamasa.org/japan/english/destinations/kyoto/index.html] The UNESCO [[World Heritage Site]]  encompasses several locations in Japan (Kyoto, Otsu, Uji and [[Nikko]] Cities, and Shiretoko, in northeastern [[Hokkaido]]).

 

Kyoto was the city in which the [[Kyoto Protocol]] of 1989 was drafted.

Located in the central part of [[Honshu]] island and today the capital of [[Kyoto prefecture]], the city served for many centuries as the center of Japanese civilization, a role now held by [[Tokyo]]. Kyoto, with a population of 1,386,000, still plays an important role in the nation's cultural and educational life. The city is well known for its handicraft industries that once catered to the upscale tastes of the imperial court. These include the weaving and dyeing of fine silks and the making of embroidery, ceramics, lacquer and cloisonné ware, and damascene work. Kyoto has long promoted traditional Japanese arts such as Noh drama, flower arrangement, and the tea ceremony. Japan's emperors are still enthroned in the former imperial palace, which is set in spacious grounds in the center of the city.

Located in the central part of [[Honshu]] island and today the capital of [[Kyoto prefecture]], the city served for many centuries as the center of Japanese civilization, a role now held by [[Tokyo]]. Kyoto, with a population of 1,386,000, still plays an important role in the nation's cultural and educational life. The city is well known for its handicraft industries that once catered to the upscale tastes of the imperial court. These include the weaving and dyeing of fine silks and the making of embroidery, ceramics, lacquer and cloisonné ware, and damascene work. Kyoto has long promoted traditional Japanese arts such as Noh drama, flower arrangement, and the tea ceremony. Japan's emperors are still enthroned in the former imperial palace, which is set in spacious grounds in the center of the city.

==Education==

==Education==

Kyoto University, founded 1897, has become one of Japan's leading universities; Ritsumeikan University was founded in 1900.  Doshisha University was founded as a Christian college in 1875 by Niijima Jo, who was educated in New England and grafted Christianity onto traditional samurai morality. Niijima taught the superiority of the West and shaped the distinctiveness of the school by stressing the necessity of replacing the old morality with Christianity. By 1900, however, Doshisha no longer played a different role from other institutes of higher learning.<ref> Keiichiro Yoshinaga, "Fields of Faith: The Struggle of Niijima Jo."  PhD dissertation Columbia U. 1998. 252 pp.  DAI 1999 59(7): 2399-A. DA9839032  Fulltext: [[ProQuest Dissertations & Theses]]</ref>

Kyoto University, founded 1897, has become one of Japan's leading universities; Ritsumeikan University was founded in 1900.  Doshisha University was founded as a Christian college in 1875 by Niijima Jo, who was educated in New England and grafted Christianity onto traditional samurai morality. Niijima taught the superiority of the West and shaped the distinctiveness of the school by stressing the necessity of replacing the old morality with Christianity. By 1900, however, Doshisha no longer played a different role from other institutes of higher learning.<ref> Keiichiro Yoshinaga, "Fields of Faith: The Struggle of Niijima Jo."  PhD dissertation Columbia U. 1998. 252 pp.  DAI 1999 59(7): 2399-A. DA9839032  Fulltext: [[ProQuest Dissertations & Theses]]</ref>

===Guides===

===Guides===

*  Carpenter, Juliet Winter, and S. Sen. ''Seeing Kyoto'' (2005) [http://www.amazon.com/Seeing-Kyoto-Juliet-Winter-Carpenter/dp/4770023383/ref=pd_bbs_7?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1207565308&sr=8-7 excerpt and text search]

*  Carpenter, Juliet Winter, and S. Sen. ''Seeing Kyoto'' (2005) [http://www.amazon.com/Seeing-Kyoto-Juliet-Winter-Carpenter/dp/4770023383/ref=pd_bbs_7?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1207565308&sr=8-7 excerpt and text search]

* Rowthorn, Chris. ''Lonely Planet Kyoto: City Guide'' (2005) [http://www.amazon.com/Lonely-Planet-Kyoto-City-Guide/dp/174104085X/ref=pd_bbs_sr_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1207565308&sr=8-2 excerpt and text search]

* Rowthorn, Chris. ''Kyoto'' (Lonely Planet Guide) (2008) [http://www.amazon.com/Kyoto-City-Guide-Chris-Rowthorn/dp/1740598458/ref=sr_1_5?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1247103346&sr=1-5 excerpt and text search]

* Treib, Marc, and Ron Herman. ''A Guide to the Gardens of Kyoto''(2003) [http://www.amazon.com/Guide-Gardens-Kyoto-Marc-Treib/dp/4770029535/ref=pd_bbs_sr_8?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1207565308&sr=8-8 excerpt and text search]

* Treib, Marc, and Ron Herman. ''A Guide to the Gardens of Kyoto''(2003) [http://www.amazon.com/Guide-Gardens-Kyoto-Marc-Treib/dp/4770029535/ref=pd_bbs_sr_8?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1207565308&sr=8-8 excerpt and text search]

===History===

===History===

*  Kyoto City Council. ''The Official Guide-book to Kyoto and the Allied Prefectures'' (1895) 309pp; [http://books.google.com/books?id=2m0j8se1mfgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=intitle:kyoto+date:0-1923&lr=&num=30&as_brr=0 full text online]

*  Kyoto City Council. ''The Official Guide-book to Kyoto and the Allied Prefectures'' (1895) 309pp; [http://books.google.com/books?id=2m0j8se1mfgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=intitle:kyoto+date:0-1923&lr=&num=30&as_brr=0 full text online]

   

   

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== See also ==

== See also ==