Epistle of James

Neo-Byzantine icon of James the Just

The Epistle of James refers to the writings of James, the Bishop of Jerusalem, the Lord's brother and one of the Twelve Apostles. This is one of the earliest written works of the New Testament, probably written by the late 40s prior to the Jerusalem Council held in A.D. 50. The authenticity of this work has been fully accepted since at least the third century, as it was included in lists of the Sacred books.

The style and content of this Epistle are uniquely similar to that of the Epistle to the Hebrews, which reinforces the likelihood that they were written by James and his brother Jesus. The quality of the Greek in the Epistle of James is higher than the Greek written by the Apostles, which further suggests that this Epistle was written by a relative of Jesus rather than by an average disciple. The only higher form of Greek in the New Testament is the Epistle to the Hebrews, as likely written by Jesus himself. See Mystery:Did Jesus Write the Epistle to the Hebrews?

In terms of theological themes of the Epistle of James, the epistle centers on practical Christian living and emphasizes the importance of good works alongside faith. Some key theological themes include: seeking wisdom from God as God is the source of all wisdom, the nature of true faith, emphasizing that it manifests itself in good works and a life transformed by the Holy Spirit (See: Works (theology)). Other themes include enduring suffering and trials, material things will not last, everything belongs to God, caring for the vulnerable such as orphans and widows and the importance of godly speech.

In support of James as the author, as the Epistle indicates, is its simplicity of introduction of the author (who would be familiar to all) and linguistic similarities between this Epistle and a speech given by James in Acts of the Apostles chapter 15.

Martin Luther and the Epistle of James

Martin Luther in 1529, painting by Lucas Cranach the Elder

See also: Martin Luther

Martin Luther had difficulty with the Epistle of James as it did not easily fit his concept of justification by faith alone as James also seems to stress the importance of works. Nevertheless, he kept it as a part of the New Testament canon in Protestant Churches. Luther's tirade against James' Epistle parallels contemporary slanders propagated by apostate Protestantism which brands any emphasis on law-keeping alongside faith as "legalism" and "denying grace."

Martin Luther wrote in his 1599 preface that the St. James Epistle is really "an epistle of straw" compared to Apostle John's Gospel and his first epistle, to St. Paul's epistles, especially Romans, Galatians, and Ephesians, and to Apostle Peter's first Epistle, because of its insistence on works as a requirement for justification to life and its rejection of faith alone without works (sola fide). He afterward removed the "straw" statement, insisting that the Epistle was good.

In the very early Universal Church years (1st and 2nd centuries A.D.), some of this work was disputed as to authenticity and scattered among churches.

Articles:

• Epistle of Straw? - Twelve Tribes (twelvetribes.org)
• Six Points on Luther's "Epistle of Straw", James Swan - Alpha & Omega Ministries (aomin.org).

See also

• Epistle of James (Translated)
• Biblical training - analysis

External links

• Survey of the Epistle of James
• Epistle of James, Biblestudytools.com

Videos:

• Epistle of James - video playlist, Video playlist
• Epistle of James: Full Bible Study - video playlist, Video playlist