Difference between revisions of "Pope"

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'''Cross'''
 
'''Cross'''
  
−
The pope moreover does not, like ordinary bishops, use the bent pastoral staff, but only the erect cross. This custom was introduced before the reign of Innocent III (1198-1216) (cap. un. X de sacra unctione, I, 15).  
+
The pope moreover does not, like ordinary [[bishop]]s, use the bent pastoral staff, but only the erect cross. This custom was introduced before the reign of [[Pope Innocent III]] (1198-1216) (cap. un. X de sacra unctione, I, 15).  
  
 
'''Pallium'''
 
'''Pallium'''
  
−
He further uses the pallium at all ecclesiastical functions, and not under the same restrictions as do the archbishops on whom he has conferred it.  
+
He further uses the [[pallium]] at all ecclesiastical functions, and not under the same restrictions as do the [[archbishop]]s on whom he has conferred it.  
 
<ref> [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12260a.htm The Pope] Catholic Encyclopedia </ref>
 
<ref> [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12260a.htm The Pope] Catholic Encyclopedia </ref>
  
 
'''Fisherman's Ring'''  
 
'''Fisherman's Ring'''  
  
−
It is a gold ring decorated with a depiction of St. Peter in a boat casting his net.
+
It is a gold ring decorated with a depiction of [[St. Peter]] in a boat casting his net.
  
 
== Benedict XVI ==
 
== Benedict XVI ==
 
[[Image:BENEDETTO XVI.jpg|right]]
 
[[Image:BENEDETTO XVI.jpg|right]]
−
Today the Pope is [[Pope Benedict XVI]]. On May 11, 2007 he canonized [[Brazil]]'s first native-born saint. During the ceremonies the Holy Father said that today's world "needs transparent lives, clear souls, pure minds"; Christians, must resist the temptation to think of their lives as "mere objects of pleasure."  
+
Today the Pope is [[Pope Benedict XVI]]. On May 11, 2007 he [[canonized]] [[Brazil]]'s first native-born [[saint]]. During the ceremonies the Holy Father said that today's world "needs transparent lives, clear souls, pure minds"; Christians, must resist the temptation to think of their lives as "mere objects of pleasure."  
  
 
''Gerald Fogarty, a [[Jesuit]] priest and professor at the University of Virginia, said that some Catholics were disappointed with Ratzinger's selection because he symbolized the conservative side of the church's ideological split, especially in the United States''.<ref> [http://www.cfr.org/publication/10595/ Benedict XVI: Conservative]</ref>
 
''Gerald Fogarty, a [[Jesuit]] priest and professor at the University of Virginia, said that some Catholics were disappointed with Ratzinger's selection because he symbolized the conservative side of the church's ideological split, especially in the United States''.<ref> [http://www.cfr.org/publication/10595/ Benedict XVI: Conservative]</ref>
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The Pope is claimed to be infallible in matters of doctrine (see [[Dictatus Papae]]). The concept of [[Papal Infallibility]] is used to proclaim articles of faith, which are essential to adhere to be considered a Catholic. These articles are therefore considered to be a Dogmatic definition. Such pronouncements are rare, and the concept does not mean that Catholics are to believe everything that the Pope says is correct. The last issue was asserting the [[Assumption of Mary]].
 
The Pope is claimed to be infallible in matters of doctrine (see [[Dictatus Papae]]). The concept of [[Papal Infallibility]] is used to proclaim articles of faith, which are essential to adhere to be considered a Catholic. These articles are therefore considered to be a Dogmatic definition. Such pronouncements are rare, and the concept does not mean that Catholics are to believe everything that the Pope says is correct. The last issue was asserting the [[Assumption of Mary]].
  
−
[[The First Vatican Council]], of 1870, anathematized all who dispute the Pope's primacy of honor and of jurisdiction (it is lawful to discuss the precise nature of that primacy, provided that such discussion does not violate the terms of the Council's Dogmatic Constitution). [[The Second Vatican Council]] '''modified''' many of the dictates of 1870.
+
[[The First Vatican Council]], of 1870, anathematized all who dispute the Pope's primacy of honor and of jurisdiction (it is lawful to discuss the precise nature of that primacy, provided that such discussion does not violate the terms of the Council's Dogmatic Constitution). [[The Second Vatican Council]] of 1965 '''modified''' many of the dictates of 1870.
  
−
Critics of the papacy claim that past Popes who claimed successorship to St. Peter, such as [[Callixtus III]] and [[Alexander VI]] from the Borgia family, were so corrupt as to be unfit to wield power. An [[omniscient]] and [[omnibenevolent]] [[God]], they claim, would not have given those people the powers claimed for them by the Catholic Church. Opponents of these critics reply that even the worst Popes failed to wreck the traditions of the Church.
+
Critics of the papacy claim that past Popes who claimed successorship to St. Peter, such as [[Pope Callixtus III]] and [[Pope Alexander VI]] from the Borgia family, were so corrupt as to be unfit to wield power. An just and loving [[God]], they claim, would not have given those people the powers claimed for them by the Catholic Church. Opponents of these critics reply that even the worst Popes failed to wreck the traditions of the Church.
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
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<references/>
 
<references/>
  
−
==Previous Popes==
+
==List of Popes==
  
 
Following the name of each Pope is the year of their accession.
 
Following the name of each Pope is the year of their accession.
  
−
#[[Peter]] (See Above)
+
#[[Saint Peter]] (30?)
−
#[[Linus]] (67)
+
#[[Pope Linus]] (67)
−
#[[Anacletus]] (76)   
+
#[[Pope Anacletus]] (76)   
−
#[[Clement I]] (88)
+
#[[Pope Clement I]] (88)
−
#[[Evaristus]] (97)
+
#[[Pope Evaristus]] (97)
−
#[[Alexander I]] (105)
+
#[[Pope Alexander I]] (105)
−
#[[Sixtus I]] (115)
+
#[[Pope Sixtus I]] (115)
−
#[[Telesphorus]] (125)
+
#[[Pope Telesphorus]] (125)
−
#[[Hyginus]] (136)
+
#[[Pope Hyginus]] (136)
−
#[[Pius I]] (140)
+
#[[Pope Pius I]] (140)
−
#[[Anicetus]] (155)
+
#[[Pope Anicetus]] (155)
−
#[[Soter]] (166)
+
#[[Pope Soter]] (166)
−
#[[Eleuterus]] (175)
+
#[[Pope Eleuterus]] (175)
−
#[[Victor I]] (189)
+
#[[Pope Victor I]] (189)
−
#[[Zephyrinus]] (199)
+
#[[Pope Zephyrinus]] (199)
−
#[[Callixtus I]] (217)
+
#[[Pope Callixtus I]] (217)
−
#[[Urban I]] (222)
+
#[[Pope Urban I]] (222)
−
#[[Pontian]] (230)
+
#[[Pope Pontian]] (230)
−
#[[Anterus]] (235)
+
#[[Pope Anterus]] (235)
−
#[[Fabian]] (236)
+
#[[Pope Fabian]] (236)
−
#[[Cornelius]] (251)
+
#[[Pope Cornelius]] (251)
−
#[[Lucius I]] (253)
+
#[[Pope Lucius I]] (253)
−
#[[Stephen I]] (254)
+
#[[Pope Stephen I]] (254)
−
#[[Sixtus II]] (257)
+
#[[Pope Sixtus II]] (257)
−
#Dionysius (259)
+
#Pope Dionysius (259)
−
#Felix I (269)
+
#Pope Felix I (269)
−
#Eutychian (275)
+
#Pope Eutychian (275)
−
#Caius (283)
+
#Pope Caius (283)
−
#Marcellinus(296)  
+
#Pope Marcellinus(296)  
−
#Marcellus I (308)
+
#Pope Marcellus I (308)
−
#Eusebius (309)
+
#Pope Eusebius (309)
−
#Miltiades (311)
+
#Pope Miltiades (311)
−
#Sylvester I (314)
+
#Pope Sylvester I (314)
−
#Mark (336)
+
#Pope Mark (336)
−
#Julius I (337)
+
#Pope Julius I (337)
−
#Liberius (352)
+
#Pope Liberius (352)
−
#Damasus I (366)
+
#Pope Damasus I (366)
−
#Siricius (384)
+
#Pope Siricius (384)
−
#Anastasius I (399)  
+
#Pope Anastasius I (399)  
−
#Innocent I (401)
+
#Pope Innocent I (401)
−
#Zosimus (417)
+
#Pope Zosimus (417)
−
#Boniface I (418)
+
#Pope Boniface I (418)
−
#Celestine I (422)
+
#Pope Celestine I (422)
−
#Sixtus III (432)
+
#Pope Sixtus III (432)
−
#[[Leo I]]  (440)
+
#[[Pope Leo I]]  (440)
−
#Hilarius  (461)
+
#Pope Hilarius  (461)
−
#Simplicius (468)
+
#Pope Simplicius (468)
−
#Felix III (483)
+
#Pope Felix III (483)
−
#Gelasius I (492)
+
#Pope Gelasius I (492)
−
#Anastasius II (496)
+
#Pope Anastasius II (496)
−
#Symmachus (498)
+
#Pope Symmachus (498)
−
#Hormisdas (514)
+
#Pope Hormisdas (514)
−
#John I, Martyr (523)  
+
#Pope John I, Martyr (523)  
−
#Felix IV (526)
+
#Pope Felix IV (526)
−
#Boniface II (530)
+
#Pope Boniface II (530)
−
#John II (533)
+
#Pope John II (533)
−
#Agapetus I (535)
+
#Pope Agapetus I (535)
−
#Silverius, Marytr (536)
+
#Pope Silverius, Marytr (536)
−
#Vigilius (537)
+
#Pope Vigilius (537)
−
#Pelagius I (556)
+
#Pope Pelagius I (556)
−
#John III (561)
+
#Pope John III (561)
−
#Benedict I (575)
+
#Pope Benedict I (575)
−
#Pelagius II (579)
+
#Pope Pelagius II (579)
−
#[[Gregory the Great|Gregory I]] (590)
+
#[[Gregory the Great|Pope Gregory I]] (590)
−
#Sabinian (604)
+
#Pope Sabinian (604)
−
#Boniface III (607)
+
#Pope Boniface III (607)
−
#Boniface IV (608)
+
#Pope Boniface IV (608)
−
#Adeodatus I (615)
+
#Pope Adeodatus I (615)
−
#Boniface V (619)
+
#Pope Boniface V (619)
−
#Honorius I (625)
+
#Pope Honorius I (625)
−
#Severinus (640)
+
#Pope Severinus (640)
−
#John IV (640)
+
#Pope John IV (640)
−
#Theodore I (642)
+
#Pope Theodore I (642)
−
#Martin I, Marytr (649)
+
#Pope Martin I, Marytr (649)
−
#Eugene I (654)
+
#Pope Eugene I (654)
−
#Vitalian (657)
+
#Pope Vitalian (657)
−
#Adeodatus II (672)
+
#Pope Adeodatus II (672)
−
#Donus (676)
+
#Pope Donus (676)
−
#Agatho (678)
+
#Pope Agatho (678)
−
#Leo II (682)
+
#Pope Leo II (682)
−
#Benedict II (684)
+
#Pope Benedict II (684)
−
#John V (685)
+
#Pope John V (685)
−
#Conon (686)
+
#Pope Conon (686)
−
#Sergius I (687)
+
#Pope Sergius I (687)
−
#John VI (701)
+
#Pope John VI (701)
−
#John VII  (705)
+
#Pope John VII  (705)
−
#Sisinnius (706)
+
#Pope Sisinnius (706)
−
#Constantine (708)
+
#Pope Constantine (708)
−
#Gregory II (715)
+
#Pope Gregory II (715)
−
#Gregory III (731)
+
#Pope Gregory III (731)
−
#Zachary (741)
+
#Pope Zachary (741)
−
#Stephen II (752)
+
#Pope Stephen II (752)
−
#Paul I (757)
+
#Pope Paul I (757)
−
#Stephen III (768)
+
#Pope Stephen III (768)
−
#Adrian I (772)
+
#Pope Adrian I (772)
−
#Leo III (795)
+
#Pope Leo III (795)
−
#Stephen IV (816)
+
#Pope Stephen IV (816)
−
#Paschal I (817)
+
#Pope Paschal I (817)
−
#Eugene II (824)
+
#Pope Eugene II (824)
−
#Valentine (827)
+
#Pope Valentine (827)
−
#Gregory IV (827)
+
#Pope Gregory IV (827)
−
#Sergius II (844)
+
#Pope Sergius II (844)
−
#Leo IV (847)
+
#Pope Leo IV (847)
−
#Benedict III (855)  
+
#Pope Benedict III (855)  
−
#Nicholas I (858)
+
#Pope Nicholas I (858)
−
#Adrian II (867)
+
#Pope Adrian II (867)
−
#John VIII (872)
+
#Pope John VIII (872)
−
#Marinus I (882)
+
#Pope Marinus I (882)
−
#Adrian III (884)
+
#Pope Adrian III (884)
−
#Stephen V (885)
+
#Pope Stephen V (885)
−
#Formosus (891)
+
#Pope Formosus (891)
−
#Boniface VI (896)
+
#Pope Boniface VI (896)
−
#Stephen VI (896)
+
#Pope Stephen VI (896)
−
#Romanus (897)
+
#Pope Romanus (897)
−
#Theodore II (897)
+
#Pope Theodore II (897)
−
#John IX (898)
+
#Pope John IX (898)
−
#Benedict IV (900)
+
#Pope Benedict IV (900)
−
#Leo V (903)
+
#Pope Leo V (903)
−
#Sergius III (904)  
+
#Pope Sergius III (904)  
−
#Anastasius III (911)  
+
#Pope Anastasius III (911)  
−
#Landus (914)
+
#Pope Landus (914)
−
#John X (914)
+
#Pope John X (914)
−
#Leo VI (928)
+
#Pope Leo VI (928)
−
#[[Pope Stephen VII|Stephen VII]] (928)
+
#[[Pope Stephen VII]] (928)
−
#John XI (931)
+
#Pope John XI (931)
−
#Leo VII (936)
+
#Pope Leo VII (936)
−
#Stephen VIII (939)  
+
#Pope Stephen VIII (939)  
−
#Marinus II (942)
+
#Pope Marinus II (942)
−
#Agapetus II (946)
+
#Pope Agapetus II (946)
−
#John XII (955)
+
#Pope John XII (955)
−
#Leo VIII (963)
+
#Pope Leo VIII (963)
−
#Benedict V (964)  
+
#Pope Benedict V (964)  
−
#John XIII (965)
+
#Pope John XIII (965)
−
#Benedict VI (973)  
+
#Pope Benedict VI (973)  
−
#Benedict VII (974)
+
#Pope Benedict VII (974)
−
#John XIV (983)
+
#Pope John XIV (983)
−
#John XV (985)
+
#Pope John XV (985)
−
#Gregory V (996)  
+
#Pope Gregory V (996)  
−
#Sylvester II (999)
+
#Pope Sylvester II (999)
−
#John XVII (1003)
+
#Pope John XVII (1003)
−
#John XVIII (1004)
+
#Pope John XVIII (1004)
−
#Sergius IV (1009)
+
#Pope Sergius IV (1009)
−
#Benedict VIII (1012)  
+
#Pope Benedict VIII (1012)  
−
#John XIX (1024)
+
#Pope John XIX (1024)
−
#Benedict IX (1032)  
+
#Pope Benedict IX (1032)  
−
#Sylvester III (1045)
+
#Pope Sylvester III (1045)
−
#Benedict IX (1045)
+
#Pope Benedict IX (1045)
−
#Gregory VI (1045)
+
#Pope Gregory VI (1045)
−
#Clement II (1046)
+
#Pope Clement II (1046)
−
#Benedict IX (1047)
+
#Pope Benedict IX (1047)
−
#Damasus II (1048)
+
#Pope Damasus II (1048)
−
#Leo IX (1049)
+
#Pope Leo IX (1049)
−
#Victor II (1055)
+
#Pope Victor II (1055)
−
#Stephen IX (1057)  
+
#Pope Stephen IX (1057)  
−
#Nicholas II (1059)
+
#Pope Nicholas II (1059)
−
#Alexander II (1061)
+
#Pope Alexander II (1061)
−
#[[Pope Gregory VII|Gregory VII]]  (1073)
+
#[[Pope Gregory VII]]  (1073)
−
#Victor III (1086)
+
#Pope Victor III (1086)
−
#[[Pope Urban II|Urban II]] (1088)  
+
#[[Pope Urban II]] (1088)  
−
#Paschal II (1099)
+
#Pope Paschal II (1099)
−
#Gelasius II (1118)
+
#Pope Gelasius II (1118)
−
#Callixtus II (1119)
+
#Pope Callixtus II (1119)
−
#Honorius II (1124)
+
#Pope Honorius II (1124)
−
#Innocent II (1130)
+
#Pope Innocent II (1130)
−
#Celestine II (1143)
+
#Pope Celestine II (1143)
−
#Lucius II (1144)
+
#Pope Lucius II (1144)
−
#Eugene III (1145)
+
#Pope Eugene III (1145)
−
#Anastasius IV (1153)
+
#Pope Anastasius IV (1153)
−
#[[Adrian IV]] (1154)
+
#[[Pope Adrian IV]] (1154)
−
#Alexander III (1159)
+
#Pope Alexander III (1159)
−
#Lucius III (1181)
+
#Pope Lucius III (1181)
−
#Urban III (1185)
+
#Pope Urban III (1185)
−
#Gregory VIII (1187)  
+
#Pope Gregory VIII (1187)  
−
#Clement III (1187)
+
#Pope Clement III (1187)
−
#Celestine III (1191)
+
#Pope Celestine III (1191)
−
#Innocent III (1198)
+
#Pope Innocent III (1198)
−
#Honorius III (1216)
+
#Pope Honorius III (1216)
−
#Gregory IX (1227)
+
#Pope Gregory IX (1227)
−
#Celestine IV (1241)
+
#Pope Celestine IV (1241)
−
#Innocent IV (1243)
+
#Pope Innocent IV (1243)
−
#Alexander IV (1254)
+
#Pope Alexander IV (1254)
−
#Urban IV (1261)
+
#Pope Urban IV (1261)
−
#Clement IV (1265)  
+
#Pope Clement IV (1265)  
−
#Gregory X (1271)
+
#Pope Gregory X (1271)
−
#Innocent V (1276)
+
#Pope Innocent V (1276)
−
#Adrian V (1276)
+
#Pope Adrian V (1276)
−
#John XXI (1276)
+
#Pope John XXI (1276)
−
#Nicholas III (1277)  
+
#Pope Nicholas III (1277)  
−
#Martin IV (1281)
+
#Pope Martin IV (1281)
−
#Honorius IV (1285)  
+
#Pope Honorius IV (1285)  
−
#Nicholas IV (1288)
+
#Pope Nicholas IV (1288)
−
#Celestine V (1294)
+
#Pope Celestine V (1294)
−
#Boniface VIII (1294)
+
#Pope Boniface VIII (1294)
−
#Benedict XI (1303)
+
#Pope Benedict XI (1303)
−
#Clement V (1305)
+
#Pope Clement V (1305)
−
#John XXII (1316)
+
#Pope John XXII (1316)
−
#Benedict XII (1334)  
+
#Pope Benedict XII (1334)  
−
#Clement VI (1342)
+
#Pope Clement VI (1342)
−
#Innocent VI (1352)
+
#Pope Innocent VI (1352)
−
#Urban V (1362)
+
#Pope Urban V (1362)
−
#Gregory XI (1370)  
+
#Pope Gregory XI (1370)  
−
#Urban VI (1378)
+
#Pope Urban VI (1378)
−
#Boniface IX (1389)  
+
#Pope Boniface IX (1389)  
−
#Innocent VII (1404)  
+
#Pope Innocent VII (1404)  
−
#Gregory XII (1406)
+
#Pope Gregory XII (1406)
−
#Martin V (1417)
+
#Pope Martin V (1417)
−
#Eugene IV (1431)
+
#Pope Eugene IV (1431)
−
#Nicholas V (1447)
+
#Pope Nicholas V (1447)
−
#Callixtus III (1455)
+
#Pope Callixtus III (1455)
−
#Pius II (1458)
+
#Pope Pius II (1458)
−
#Paul II (1464)
+
#Pope Paul II (1464)
−
#Sixtus IV  (1471)  
+
#Pope Sixtus IV  (1471)  
−
#Innocent VIII (1484)  
+
#Pope Innocent VIII (1484)  
−
#[[Pope Alexander VI|Alexander VI]] (1492)
+
#[[Pope Alexander VI]] (1492)
−
#Pius III (1503)
+
#Pope Pius III (1503)
−
#Julius II (1503)
+
#Pope Julius II (1503)
−
#Leo X (1513)
+
#Pope Leo X (1513)
−
#Adrian VI (1522)  
+
#Pope Adrian VI (1522)  
−
#Clement VII  (1523)  
+
#Pope Clement VII  (1523)  
−
#Paul III (1534)
+
#Pope Paul III (1534)
−
#Julius III (1550)
+
#Pope Julius III (1550)
−
#Marcellus II (1555)  
+
#Pope Marcellus II (1555)  
−
#Paul IV (1555)
+
#Pope Paul IV (1555)
−
#Pius IV (1559)
+
#Pope Pius IV (1559)
−
#Pius V (1566)
+
#Pope Pius V (1566)
−
#[[Pope Gregory XIII|Gregory XIII]] (1572)  
+
#[[Pope Gregory XIII]] (1572)  
−
#Sixtus V (1572)
+
#Pope Sixtus V (1572)
−
#Urban VII (1585)
+
#Pope Urban VII (1585)
−
#Gregory XIV (1590)
+
#Pope Gregory XIV (1590)
−
#Innocent IX (1591)
+
#Pope Innocent IX (1591)
−
#Clement VIII (1592)
+
#Pope Clement VIII (1592)
−
#Leo XI (1602)
+
#Pope Leo XI (1602)
−
#Paul V (1605)
+
#Pope Paul V (1605)
−
#Gregory XV  (1621)
+
#Pope Gregory XV  (1621)
−
#Urban VIII (1623)
+
#Pope Urban VIII (1623)
−
#Innocent X (1644)
+
#Pope Innocent X (1644)
−
#Alexander VII  (1655)  
+
#Pope Alexander VII  (1655)  
−
#Clement IX (1667)
+
#Pope Clement IX (1667)
−
#Clement X (1670)
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#Pope Clement X (1670)
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#Innocent XI (1676)
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#Pope Innocent XI (1676)
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#Alexander VIII (1689)  
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#Pope Alexander VIII (1689)  
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#Innocent XII (1691)
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#Pope Innocent XII (1691)
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#Clement XI (1700)
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#Pope Clement XI (1700)
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#Innocent XIII (1721)
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#Pope Innocent XIII (1721)
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#Benedict XIII (1724)
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#Pope Benedict XIII (1724)
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#Clement XII (1730)
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#Pope Clement XII (1730)
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#Benedict XIV (1740)
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#Pope Benedict XIV (1740)
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#Clement XIII (1758)
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#Pope Clement XIII (1758)
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#Clement XIV (1769)
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#Pope Clement XIV (1769)
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#Pius VI (1775)
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#Pope Pius VI (1775)
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#Pius VII (1800)
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#Pope Pius VII (1800)
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#Leo XII (1823)
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#Pope Leo XII (1823)
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#Pius VIII (1829)
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#Pope Pius VIII (1829)
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#Gregory XVI  (1831)
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#Pope Gregory XVI  (1831)
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#Pius IX (1846)
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#Pope Pius IX (1846)
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#Leo XIII (1878)
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#Pope Leo XIII (1878)
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#Pius X (1903)
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#[[Pope Pius X]] (1903)
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#Benedict XV (1914)  
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#[[Pope Benedict XV]] (1914)  
 
#[[Pius XI]] (1922)
 
#[[Pius XI]] (1922)
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#[[Pope Pius XII|Pius XII]] (1939)
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#[[Pope Pius XII]] (1939)
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#[[John XXIII]] (1958)
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#[[Pope John XXIII]] (1958)
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#[[Paul VI]] (1963)
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#[[Pope Paul VI]] (1963)
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#[[Pope John Paul I|John Paul I]] (1978)
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#[[Pope John Paul I]] (1978)
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#[[Pope John Paul II|John Paul II]] (1978)
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#[[Pope John Paul II]] (1978)
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#[[Pope Benedict XVI]] (2007)
  
 
[[Category:Catholic Church]]
 
[[Category:Catholic Church]]
 
[[Category:Popes|Popes]]
 
[[Category:Popes|Popes]]

Revision as of 17:35, November 1, 2008

The Pope (from Greek papas, father) is the head of the Catholic Church and the Head of State of the State of the Vatican City; the Bishop of Rome, who, as successor of St. Peter, is the chief pastor of the whole Church, the Vicar of Christ upon earth. Pontifex summus is a title of dignity.

Blessed art thou, Simon Bar-Jona: because flesh and blood hath not revealed it to thee, but my Father who is in heaven. And I say to thee: That thou art Peter; and upon this rock (Cepha) I will build my Church. Matthew 16:17-19. Be the shepherd of my sheep. John 21:16.

The Pope ecclesiastical jury is called the Holy See. Since 1059 The Pope is chosen by the Cardinals of the Holy Roman Catholic Church.

His Holiness Benedict XVI

Insignia

Tiara

The pope is distinguished by the use of the tiara or triple crown. At what date the custom of crowning the pope was introduced is unknown. It was certainly previous to the forged donation of Constantine, which dates from the commencement of the ninth century, for mention is there made of the pope's coronation. The triple crown is of much later origin. (it remains only a symbol)

No pope has worn an actual triple tiara since Pope Paul VI at the end of the Second Vatican Council in 1965.

Cross

The pope moreover does not, like ordinary bishops, use the bent pastoral staff, but only the erect cross. This custom was introduced before the reign of Pope Innocent III (1198-1216) (cap. un. X de sacra unctione, I, 15).

Pallium

He further uses the pallium at all ecclesiastical functions, and not under the same restrictions as do the archbishops on whom he has conferred it. [1]

Fisherman's Ring

It is a gold ring decorated with a depiction of St. Peter in a boat casting his net.

Benedict XVI

File:BENEDETTO XVI.jpg

Today the Pope is Pope Benedict XVI. On May 11, 2007 he canonized Brazil's first native-born saint. During the ceremonies the Holy Father said that today's world "needs transparent lives, clear souls, pure minds"; Christians, must resist the temptation to think of their lives as "mere objects of pleasure."

Gerald Fogarty, a Jesuit priest and professor at the University of Virginia, said that some Catholics were disappointed with Ratzinger's selection because he symbolized the conservative side of the church's ideological split, especially in the United States.[2]


Controversy

The Pope is claimed to be infallible in matters of doctrine (see Dictatus Papae). The concept of Papal Infallibility is used to proclaim articles of faith, which are essential to adhere to be considered a Catholic. These articles are therefore considered to be a Dogmatic definition. Such pronouncements are rare, and the concept does not mean that Catholics are to believe everything that the Pope says is correct. The last issue was asserting the Assumption of Mary.

The First Vatican Council, of 1870, anathematized all who dispute the Pope's primacy of honor and of jurisdiction (it is lawful to discuss the precise nature of that primacy, provided that such discussion does not violate the terms of the Council's Dogmatic Constitution). The Second Vatican Council of 1965 modified many of the dictates of 1870.

Critics of the papacy claim that past Popes who claimed successorship to St. Peter, such as Pope Callixtus III and Pope Alexander VI from the Borgia family, were so corrupt as to be unfit to wield power. An just and loving God, they claim, would not have given those people the powers claimed for them by the Catholic Church. Opponents of these critics reply that even the worst Popes failed to wreck the traditions of the Church.

See also

External links

References

  1. ↑ The Pope Catholic Encyclopedia
  2. ↑ Benedict XVI: Conservative

List of Popes

Following the name of each Pope is the year of their accession.

  1. Saint Peter (30?)
  2. Pope Linus (67)
  3. Pope Anacletus (76)
  4. Pope Clement I (88)
  5. Pope Evaristus (97)
  6. Pope Alexander I (105)
  7. Pope Sixtus I (115)
  8. Pope Telesphorus (125)
  9. Pope Hyginus (136)
  10. Pope Pius I (140)
  11. Pope Anicetus (155)
  12. Pope Soter (166)
  13. Pope Eleuterus (175)
  14. Pope Victor I (189)
  15. Pope Zephyrinus (199)
  16. Pope Callixtus I (217)
  17. Pope Urban I (222)
  18. Pope Pontian (230)
  19. Pope Anterus (235)
  20. Pope Fabian (236)
  21. Pope Cornelius (251)
  22. Pope Lucius I (253)
  23. Pope Stephen I (254)
  24. Pope Sixtus II (257)
  25. Pope Dionysius (259)
  26. Pope Felix I (269)
  27. Pope Eutychian (275)
  28. Pope Caius (283)
  29. Pope Marcellinus(296)
  30. Pope Marcellus I (308)
  31. Pope Eusebius (309)
  32. Pope Miltiades (311)
  33. Pope Sylvester I (314)
  34. Pope Mark (336)
  35. Pope Julius I (337)
  36. Pope Liberius (352)
  37. Pope Damasus I (366)
  38. Pope Siricius (384)
  39. Pope Anastasius I (399)
  40. Pope Innocent I (401)
  41. Pope Zosimus (417)
  42. Pope Boniface I (418)
  43. Pope Celestine I (422)
  44. Pope Sixtus III (432)
  45. Pope Leo I (440)
  46. Pope Hilarius (461)
  47. Pope Simplicius (468)
  48. Pope Felix III (483)
  49. Pope Gelasius I (492)
  50. Pope Anastasius II (496)
  51. Pope Symmachus (498)
  52. Pope Hormisdas (514)
  53. Pope John I, Martyr (523)
  54. Pope Felix IV (526)
  55. Pope Boniface II (530)
  56. Pope John II (533)
  57. Pope Agapetus I (535)
  58. Pope Silverius, Marytr (536)
  59. Pope Vigilius (537)
  60. Pope Pelagius I (556)
  61. Pope John III (561)
  62. Pope Benedict I (575)
  63. Pope Pelagius II (579)
  64. Pope Gregory I (590)
  65. Pope Sabinian (604)
  66. Pope Boniface III (607)
  67. Pope Boniface IV (608)
  68. Pope Adeodatus I (615)
  69. Pope Boniface V (619)
  70. Pope Honorius I (625)
  71. Pope Severinus (640)
  72. Pope John IV (640)
  73. Pope Theodore I (642)
  74. Pope Martin I, Marytr (649)
  75. Pope Eugene I (654)
  76. Pope Vitalian (657)
  77. Pope Adeodatus II (672)
  78. Pope Donus (676)
  79. Pope Agatho (678)
  80. Pope Leo II (682)
  81. Pope Benedict II (684)
  82. Pope John V (685)
  83. Pope Conon (686)
  84. Pope Sergius I (687)
  85. Pope John VI (701)
  86. Pope John VII (705)
  87. Pope Sisinnius (706)
  88. Pope Constantine (708)
  89. Pope Gregory II (715)
  90. Pope Gregory III (731)
  91. Pope Zachary (741)
  92. Pope Stephen II (752)
  93. Pope Paul I (757)
  94. Pope Stephen III (768)
  95. Pope Adrian I (772)
  96. Pope Leo III (795)
  97. Pope Stephen IV (816)
  98. Pope Paschal I (817)
  99. Pope Eugene II (824)
  100. Pope Valentine (827)
  101. Pope Gregory IV (827)
  102. Pope Sergius II (844)
  103. Pope Leo IV (847)
  104. Pope Benedict III (855)
  105. Pope Nicholas I (858)
  106. Pope Adrian II (867)
  107. Pope John VIII (872)
  108. Pope Marinus I (882)
  109. Pope Adrian III (884)
  110. Pope Stephen V (885)
  111. Pope Formosus (891)
  112. Pope Boniface VI (896)
  113. Pope Stephen VI (896)
  114. Pope Romanus (897)
  115. Pope Theodore II (897)
  116. Pope John IX (898)
  117. Pope Benedict IV (900)
  118. Pope Leo V (903)
  119. Pope Sergius III (904)
  120. Pope Anastasius III (911)
  121. Pope Landus (914)
  122. Pope John X (914)
  123. Pope Leo VI (928)
  124. Pope Stephen VII (928)
  125. Pope John XI (931)
  126. Pope Leo VII (936)
  127. Pope Stephen VIII (939)
  128. Pope Marinus II (942)
  129. Pope Agapetus II (946)
  130. Pope John XII (955)
  131. Pope Leo VIII (963)
  132. Pope Benedict V (964)
  133. Pope John XIII (965)
  134. Pope Benedict VI (973)
  135. Pope Benedict VII (974)
  136. Pope John XIV (983)
  137. Pope John XV (985)
  138. Pope Gregory V (996)
  139. Pope Sylvester II (999)
  140. Pope John XVII (1003)
  141. Pope John XVIII (1004)
  142. Pope Sergius IV (1009)
  143. Pope Benedict VIII (1012)
  144. Pope John XIX (1024)
  145. Pope Benedict IX (1032)
  146. Pope Sylvester III (1045)
  147. Pope Benedict IX (1045)
  148. Pope Gregory VI (1045)
  149. Pope Clement II (1046)
  150. Pope Benedict IX (1047)
  151. Pope Damasus II (1048)
  152. Pope Leo IX (1049)
  153. Pope Victor II (1055)
  154. Pope Stephen IX (1057)
  155. Pope Nicholas II (1059)
  156. Pope Alexander II (1061)
  157. Pope Gregory VII (1073)
  158. Pope Victor III (1086)
  159. Pope Urban II (1088)
  160. Pope Paschal II (1099)
  161. Pope Gelasius II (1118)
  162. Pope Callixtus II (1119)
  163. Pope Honorius II (1124)
  164. Pope Innocent II (1130)
  165. Pope Celestine II (1143)
  166. Pope Lucius II (1144)
  167. Pope Eugene III (1145)
  168. Pope Anastasius IV (1153)
  169. Pope Adrian IV (1154)
  170. Pope Alexander III (1159)
  171. Pope Lucius III (1181)
  172. Pope Urban III (1185)
  173. Pope Gregory VIII (1187)
  174. Pope Clement III (1187)
  175. Pope Celestine III (1191)
  176. Pope Innocent III (1198)
  177. Pope Honorius III (1216)
  178. Pope Gregory IX (1227)
  179. Pope Celestine IV (1241)
  180. Pope Innocent IV (1243)
  181. Pope Alexander IV (1254)
  182. Pope Urban IV (1261)
  183. Pope Clement IV (1265)
  184. Pope Gregory X (1271)
  185. Pope Innocent V (1276)
  186. Pope Adrian V (1276)
  187. Pope John XXI (1276)
  188. Pope Nicholas III (1277)
  189. Pope Martin IV (1281)
  190. Pope Honorius IV (1285)
  191. Pope Nicholas IV (1288)
  192. Pope Celestine V (1294)
  193. Pope Boniface VIII (1294)
  194. Pope Benedict XI (1303)
  195. Pope Clement V (1305)
  196. Pope John XXII (1316)
  197. Pope Benedict XII (1334)
  198. Pope Clement VI (1342)
  199. Pope Innocent VI (1352)
  200. Pope Urban V (1362)
  201. Pope Gregory XI (1370)
  202. Pope Urban VI (1378)
  203. Pope Boniface IX (1389)
  204. Pope Innocent VII (1404)
  205. Pope Gregory XII (1406)
  206. Pope Martin V (1417)
  207. Pope Eugene IV (1431)
  208. Pope Nicholas V (1447)
  209. Pope Callixtus III (1455)
  210. Pope Pius II (1458)
  211. Pope Paul II (1464)
  212. Pope Sixtus IV (1471)
  213. Pope Innocent VIII (1484)
  214. Pope Alexander VI (1492)
  215. Pope Pius III (1503)
  216. Pope Julius II (1503)
  217. Pope Leo X (1513)
  218. Pope Adrian VI (1522)
  219. Pope Clement VII (1523)
  220. Pope Paul III (1534)
  221. Pope Julius III (1550)
  222. Pope Marcellus II (1555)
  223. Pope Paul IV (1555)
  224. Pope Pius IV (1559)
  225. Pope Pius V (1566)
  226. Pope Gregory XIII (1572)
  227. Pope Sixtus V (1572)
  228. Pope Urban VII (1585)
  229. Pope Gregory XIV (1590)
  230. Pope Innocent IX (1591)
  231. Pope Clement VIII (1592)
  232. Pope Leo XI (1602)
  233. Pope Paul V (1605)
  234. Pope Gregory XV (1621)
  235. Pope Urban VIII (1623)
  236. Pope Innocent X (1644)
  237. Pope Alexander VII (1655)
  238. Pope Clement IX (1667)
  239. Pope Clement X (1670)
  240. Pope Innocent XI (1676)
  241. Pope Alexander VIII (1689)
  242. Pope Innocent XII (1691)
  243. Pope Clement XI (1700)
  244. Pope Innocent XIII (1721)
  245. Pope Benedict XIII (1724)
  246. Pope Clement XII (1730)
  247. Pope Benedict XIV (1740)
  248. Pope Clement XIII (1758)
  249. Pope Clement XIV (1769)
  250. Pope Pius VI (1775)
  251. Pope Pius VII (1800)
  252. Pope Leo XII (1823)
  253. Pope Pius VIII (1829)
  254. Pope Gregory XVI (1831)
  255. Pope Pius IX (1846)
  256. Pope Leo XIII (1878)
  257. Pope Pius X (1903)
  258. Pope Benedict XV (1914)
  259. Pius XI (1922)
  260. Pope Pius XII (1939)
  261. Pope John XXIII (1958)
  262. Pope Paul VI (1963)
  263. Pope John Paul I (1978)
  264. Pope John Paul II (1978)
  265. Pope Benedict XVI (2007)
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