Difference between revisions of "Protestantism"

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'''Protestantism''' is one of the three major divisions in [[Christendom]] that traces their heritage back to the [[Western Church]]. Other divisions include [[Catholicism]] and the [[Orthodox Church]].   
 
'''Protestantism''' is one of the three major divisions in [[Christendom]] that traces their heritage back to the [[Western Church]]. Other divisions include [[Catholicism]] and the [[Orthodox Church]].   
  
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The founding of Protestantism (another term for Reformed Catholicism) has its origins in the [[European]] [[Reformation]] and its rejection of the doctrines and malpractices within the [[Roman Catholic Church]]. Those included the teaching and sale of [[indulgences]], the buying and selling of church positions and the systemic corruption, devotion to [[Mary (mother of Jesus)|Mary]] and the [[saint]]s rather than inward devotion to faith and God, and rejection of the [[authority]] of the Pope on the basis that the only true authority is the Bible.
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Protestantism began in the European [[Reformation]] oof the 16th century, especially with such reformers as [[Martin Luther]] and [[John Calvin]], ass well as [[King Henry VIII]] in England.  
  
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== Impacts ==
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== Impact ==
  
 
Protestants made the Bible available to all by publication of the Bible in the common language and universal education. The mandatory [[celibacy]] of the [[clergy]] (including monasticism) was also rejected.
 
Protestants made the Bible available to all by publication of the Bible in the common language and universal education. The mandatory [[celibacy]] of the [[clergy]] (including monasticism) was also rejected.
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* [[Martin Luther]]'s nailing of [[The 95 Theses]] to the church doors in [[Wittenberg]] on October 31, 1517
 
* [[Martin Luther]]'s nailing of [[The 95 Theses]] to the church doors in [[Wittenberg]] on October 31, 1517
 
* In [[England]], by decree of King [[Henry VIII]] in 1533.  
 
* In [[England]], by decree of King [[Henry VIII]] in 1533.  
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* [[John Knox]], inspired by [[John Calvin]] and aided by many [[Martyrs' Monument|martyr]]s, liberated [[Scotland]] from the yoke of [[Roman Catholic Church|Rome]] in 1560.   
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* [[John Knox]], inspired by [[John Calvin]] and aided by many [[Martyrs' Monument|martyr]]s, took [[Scotland]] into the [[Presbyterian]] fold in 1560.   
  
 
== Protestantism in the United States ==
 
== Protestantism in the United States ==
  
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Protestants are the largest [[Christian]] division in the United States.
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Protestants are the largest Christian division in the United States.
  
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In the United States, denominations in the Protestant division include:
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In the United States, the largest Protestant denominations include:
  
 
*[[Baptist]]
 
*[[Baptist]]
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**[[United Methodist Church]]
 
**[[United Methodist Church]]
 
*[[Lutheran]]
 
*[[Lutheran]]
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**[[Missouri Synod Lutherans]]
 
*[[Presbyterian]]/[[Reformed]]
 
*[[Presbyterian]]/[[Reformed]]
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*[[Episcopal Church in the United States of America]], also called the Protestant Episcopal Church of the U.S.  
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*[[Episcopal Church in the United States of America]], also called the Protestant Episcopal Church of the U.S.
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*[[Disciples of Christ]]
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*[[Crurch of Christ]]
  
 
Smaller groups include:
 
Smaller groups include:

Revision as of 12:35, May 26, 2009

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Christianity

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Protestant Reformation
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Protestantism
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Important Figures
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Protestantism is one of the three major divisions in Christendom that traces their heritage back to the Western Church. Other divisions include Catholicism and the Orthodox Church.

Protestantism began in the European Reformation oof the 16th century, especially with such reformers as Martin Luther and John Calvin, ass well as King Henry VIII in England.

Impact

Protestants made the Bible available to all by publication of the Bible in the common language and universal education. The mandatory celibacy of the clergy (including monasticism) was also rejected.

Notable events

Protestantism in the United States

Protestants are the largest Christian division in the United States.

In the United States, the largest Protestant denominations include: 

*Crurch of Christ

Smaller groups include:

Restoration movement

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Mormons) is Christian but does not consider itself Protestant.

Further reading

  • Balmer, Randall. Protestantism in America (2005) excerpt and text search
  • Bell, James S., and Tracy Macon Sumner. The Complete Idiot's Guide to the Reformation and Protestantism (2002) excerpt and text search
  • Gonzalez, Justo L. A History of Christian Thought: Volume 3: From the Protestant Reformation to the Twentieth Century (1987) excerpt and text search
  • Hillerbrand, Hans J. ed. The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation. (OUP 1996); the book is online at many academic libraries; excerpt and text search
  • Latourette, Kenneth Scott. A History of Christianity (2 vol 1975) excerpt and text search vol 1, to 1500
  • Latourette, Kenneth Scott. Christianity in a Revolutionary Age: A History of Christianity in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries (1958) vol 1 online edition
  • Latourette, Kenneth Scott. A history of the expansion of Christianity (7 vol 1939-1970), monumental history of missionary work worldwide online edition
  • MacCulloch, Diarmaid. The Reformation (2005), influential recent survey excerpt and text search
  • McGonigle, Thomas D., and James F. Quigley. A History of the Christian Tradition, Vol. II: From the Reformation to the Present (1996) excerpt and text search
  • Noll, Mark A. The Old Religion in a New World: The History of North American Christianity (2001) excerpt and text search

United States

  • Ahlstrom, Sydney E. A religious history of the American people‎ (1979) 1192 pages; classic history from broad perspective excerpt and text search
  • Balmer, Randall. Encyclopedia of Evangelicalism (2nd ed. 2004), 655pp
  • Lippy, Charles H. and Peter W. Williams, eds. Encyclopedia of the American religious experience: studies of traditions and movements (3 vol 1988) 1872 pages; standard reference work; long essays by scholars
  • Noll, Mark A. A history of Christianity in the United States and Canada‎ (1992), by leading Evangelical historian excerpt and text search
  • Queen, Edward L. et al, eds. Encyclopedia of American Religious History (3rd ed. 2 vol. 2009) 1200pp
  • Reid, Daniel G. et al. eds., Dictionary of Christianity in America (199)
  • Wooley, Davis C. ed. Encyclopedia of Southern Baptists‎ (5 vol 1958-19820; 2565 pages


Primary sources

  • Placher, William C. Readings in the History of Christian Theology, Volume 2: From the Reformation to the Present (1988) excerpt and text search

notes


Reference

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