Changes

Of these, the one date beyond dispute is the 664 B.C. sacking of Thebes by Ashurbanipal.  As to the remainder, the identity of Shoshenq I as Shishak was based solely on a reading of the text of the Bubasite Portal at the Temple of Karnak near Thebes by [[Jean-François Champollion]] on his only trip to Egypt in the mid-1800’s after he successfully deciphered the Egyptian hieroglyphic language.  On the Portal is a list of cities Shoshenq I had conquered in his campaign, and the 29th city Champollion read it as ''y-w-d-h-m-r-k,'' surmising that it meant “Judah Kingdom” (Hebrew ''Yhuda Malkhut'': יְהוּדָה מַלְכוּת).  But it is not the word “Jerusalem,” which is not only not where it should be on the portal, it in fact it is not there at all. A highly important city such as Jerusalem, the capitol of a nation, should have merited mention in Shoshenq’s campaign.  Shishak, Rohl contends, should be identified with Ramesses II, making another pharaoh, Dudimose I, the pharaoh of the Exodus instead.   

Of these, the one date beyond dispute is the 664 B.C. sacking of Thebes by Ashurbanipal.  As to the remainder, the identity of Shoshenq I as Shishak was based solely on a reading of the text of the Bubasite Portal at the Temple of Karnak near Thebes by [[Jean-François Champollion]] on his only trip to Egypt in the mid-1800’s after he successfully deciphered the Egyptian hieroglyphic language.  On the Portal is a list of cities Shoshenq I had conquered in his campaign, and the 29th city Champollion read it as ''y-w-d-h-m-r-k,'' surmising that it meant “Judah Kingdom” (Hebrew ''Yhuda Malkhut'': יְהוּדָה מַלְכוּת).  But it is not the word “Jerusalem,” which is not only not where it should be on the portal, it in fact it is not there at all. A highly important city such as Jerusalem, the capitol of a nation, should have merited mention in Shoshenq’s campaign.  Shishak, Rohl contends, should be identified with Ramesses II, making another pharaoh, Dudimose I, the pharaoh of the Exodus instead.   

Rohl also contends the the Ebers [[Papyrus]] is mis-read, insisting that it be understood as evidence for a reformation of the Egyptian calender.

Rohl also contends the the Ebers [[Papyrus]] is mis-read, insisting that it be understood as evidence for a reformation of the Egyptian calendar.

Working with the 664 B.C. date the early scholars counted back regnal years to set remaining dates, sometimes stretching pharaonic rules to fill in gaps.  The problem in the setting of the conventional chronology arose when researchers searched for evidence they expected to find regarding the Biblical accounts; searching in what appeared to be the logical sites in the time periods in question (Late [[Bronze Age]] to [[Iron Age]] IIC) they found little to nothing, thus relegating a large part of the Biblical story, from the Creation of [[Genesis]] to major portion of the books of Kings and Chronicles to mythology.  The age of the early kings of [[Israel]] was determined to have taken place, not in splendor, but in relative poverty, with no evidence of the major building works built by [[Solomon]].  The restructuring of Egyptian chronology according to the New Chronology indicates that the early Victorian [[archaeologist]]s merely made a series of wrong assumptions and mistakes in their eagerness to document Egypt.

Working with the 664 B.C. date the early scholars counted back regnal years to set remaining dates, sometimes stretching pharaonic rules to fill in gaps.  The problem in the setting of the conventional chronology arose when researchers searched for evidence they expected to find regarding the Biblical accounts; searching in what appeared to be the logical sites in the time periods in question (Late [[Bronze Age]] to [[Iron Age]] IIC) they found little to nothing, thus relegating a large part of the Biblical story, from the Creation of [[Genesis]] to major portion of the books of Kings and Chronicles to mythology.  The age of the early kings of [[Israel]] was determined to have taken place, not in splendor, but in relative poverty, with no evidence of the major building works built by [[Solomon]].  The restructuring of Egyptian chronology according to the New Chronology indicates that the early Victorian [[archaeologist]]s merely made a series of wrong assumptions and mistakes in their eagerness to document Egypt.