Difference between revisions of "Lviv"
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Germany invaded the [[Soviet Union]] on June 22, 1941, occupying Lvov within a week. The Germans claimed that the city's [[Jewish]] population had supported the Soviets. Ukrainian mobs went on a rampage against Jews.<ref>Kopstein writes: "On June 30, 1941, on the eighth day of [[operation Barbarossa]], the German invasion of the Soviet Union, a pogrom broke out in Lviv, the capital city of [[Eastern Galicia]]. Ukrainians, and to a lesser extent Poles, massacred their Jewish neighbors and fellow citizens. (…) For the next two days Lviv witnessed terrible anti-Jewish violence at the hands of the local Ukrainian population and the Ukrainian militia, and under the Nazis' approving eyes." Kopstein pp. 219-220.</ref> They stripped and beat Jewish women and men in the streets of Lvov. Ukrainian partisans supported by German authorities killed about 4,000 Jews in Lvov during this [[pogrom]].<ref>[https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/film/pogrom-in-lvov POGROM IN LVOV (film)], US Holocaust memorial Musuem.</ref> | Germany invaded the [[Soviet Union]] on June 22, 1941, occupying Lvov within a week. The Germans claimed that the city's [[Jewish]] population had supported the Soviets. Ukrainian mobs went on a rampage against Jews.<ref>Kopstein writes: "On June 30, 1941, on the eighth day of [[operation Barbarossa]], the German invasion of the Soviet Union, a pogrom broke out in Lviv, the capital city of [[Eastern Galicia]]. Ukrainians, and to a lesser extent Poles, massacred their Jewish neighbors and fellow citizens. (…) For the next two days Lviv witnessed terrible anti-Jewish violence at the hands of the local Ukrainian population and the Ukrainian militia, and under the Nazis' approving eyes." Kopstein pp. 219-220.</ref> They stripped and beat Jewish women and men in the streets of Lvov. Ukrainian partisans supported by German authorities killed about 4,000 Jews in Lvov during this [[pogrom]].<ref>[https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/film/pogrom-in-lvov POGROM IN LVOV (film)], US Holocaust memorial Musuem.</ref> | ||
| − | + | Lvov was occupied by the [[Wehrmacht]] in the early hours of June 30, 1941; German forces consisted of the 1st Mountain Division and the Abwehr-subordinated [[Nachtigall Battalion]] staffed by ethnic Ukrainians. | |
According to [[Canadian]] historian John-Paul Himka of the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Jews were not considered by the [[Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists]] (OUN) to be their primary enemies. This role was reserved for [[Pole]]s and [[Russian]]s. | According to [[Canadian]] historian John-Paul Himka of the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Jews were not considered by the [[Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists]] (OUN) to be their primary enemies. This role was reserved for [[Pole]]s and [[Russian]]s. | ||
Revision as of 22:31, September 27, 2023
L'viv (Polish: Lvov; German: Lemberg) is a city in the west of Ukraine and has a population of 728,350 (2016).
With the re-creation of the Polish state as a result of the Treaty of Versailles in 1919, Lviv was taken from the defunct Austro-Hungarian Empire and given to Poland. In September 1939, as a result of Molotov-Ribbentrop pact, Lviv became a part of the Soviet Socialist Republic of Ukraine.
Historic Centre
The city of L'viv, founded in the late Middle Ages, was a flourishing administrative, religious and commercial centre for several centuries. Lviv City is situated on the crossing of two profitable ancient trade routes. It developed and flourished rapidly and became one of the main trade centers of medieval Europe. The medieval urban topography has been preserved virtually intact (in particular, there is evidence of the different ethnic communities who lived there), along with many fine Baroque and later buildings.[1]
It is a beautiful city full of the architecture of many influences including Austrian, Ukrainian and Polish since at various times in history all three laid claim to Lviv.
Lvov pogrom
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According to the last census conducted in 1931, the ethnic composition of Lvov consisted of:
- Polish 64%
- Hebrew & Yiddish 24%
- Ukrainian 11%
According to the 2001 census the ethnic composition of Lvov consisted of:
- Ukrainian 88%
- Jewish 0.3%
- Polish 0.9%
Germany invaded the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, occupying Lvov within a week. The Germans claimed that the city's Jewish population had supported the Soviets. Ukrainian mobs went on a rampage against Jews.[2] They stripped and beat Jewish women and men in the streets of Lvov. Ukrainian partisans supported by German authorities killed about 4,000 Jews in Lvov during this pogrom.[3]
Lvov was occupied by the Wehrmacht in the early hours of June 30, 1941; German forces consisted of the 1st Mountain Division and the Abwehr-subordinated Nachtigall Battalion staffed by ethnic Ukrainians.
According to Canadian historian John-Paul Himka of the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Jews were not considered by the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) to be their primary enemies. This role was reserved for Poles and Russians.
See also
References
- ↑ http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/865
- ↑ Kopstein writes: "On June 30, 1941, on the eighth day of operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union, a pogrom broke out in Lviv, the capital city of Eastern Galicia. Ukrainians, and to a lesser extent Poles, massacred their Jewish neighbors and fellow citizens. (…) For the next two days Lviv witnessed terrible anti-Jewish violence at the hands of the local Ukrainian population and the Ukrainian militia, and under the Nazis' approving eyes." Kopstein pp. 219-220.
- ↑ POGROM IN LVOV (film), US Holocaust memorial Musuem.
External links
- Official website of the city of L'viv
- Film trailer, In Darkness, about Jews hiding in the sewers of Lviv for over a year during World War II.