Difference between revisions of "Self-talk"
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=== Positive affirmations === | === Positive affirmations === | ||
| − | ''See also:'' [[Positive affirmations]] and [[Self-motivation]] and [[Confidence]] and [[Self-efficacy]] and [[Courage]] and [[Self-management]] and [[Achievement orientation]] | + | ''See also:'' [[Positive affirmations]] and [[Motivation]] and [[Self-motivation]] and [[Confidence]] and [[Self-efficacy]] and [[Courage]] and [[Self-management]] and [[Achievement orientation]] |
| − | "Positive affirmations are phrases or words that people say to themselves to replace negative thoughts with positive ones. They can help people feel more motivated, confident, and encourage positive changes in their lives."<ref>[https://www.google.com/search?q=what+are+positive+affirmations&oq=what+are+positive+&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqDQgAEAAYkQIYgAQYigUyDQgAEAAYkQIYgAQYigUyBggBEEUYOTIHCAIQABiABDIHCAMQABiABDINCAQQABiRAhiABBiKBTIMCAUQABgUGIcCGIAEMgYIBhBFGDwyBggHEC4YQNIBCDM3MTBqMGoxqAIAsAIA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 What are positive affirmations?]</ref> | + | "Positive affirmations are phrases or words that people say to themselves to replace negative thoughts with positive ones. They can help people feel more [[Motivation|motivated]], [[confidence|confident]], and encourage positive changes in their lives."<ref>[https://www.google.com/search?q=what+are+positive+affirmations&oq=what+are+positive+&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqDQgAEAAYkQIYgAQYigUyDQgAEAAYkQIYgAQYigUyBggBEEUYOTIHCAIQABiABDIHCAMQABiABDINCAQQABiRAhiABBiKBTIMCAUQABgUGIcCGIAEMgYIBhBFGDwyBggHEC4YQNIBCDM3MTBqMGoxqAIAsAIA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 What are positive affirmations?]</ref> |
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[[File:Best practices for positive affirmations.png|thumbnail|center|800px|Source: [https://www.google.com/search?q=Best+practices+for+positive+affirmations&oq=Best+practices+for+positive+affirmations&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyBggAEEUYOTIGCAEQLhhA0gEIOTE5OGowajGoAgCwAgA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 Best practices for positive affirmations] ]] | [[File:Best practices for positive affirmations.png|thumbnail|center|800px|Source: [https://www.google.com/search?q=Best+practices+for+positive+affirmations&oq=Best+practices+for+positive+affirmations&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyBggAEEUYOTIGCAEQLhhA0gEIOTE5OGowajGoAgCwAgA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 Best practices for positive affirmations] ]] | ||
{{Clear}} | {{Clear}} | ||
| + | [[File:How do positive affirmations work.png|thumbnail|center|800px|Source: [https://www.google.com/search?q=what+are+positive+affirmations&oq=what+are+positive+&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqDQgAEAAYkQIYgAQYigUyDQgAEAAYkQIYgAQYigUyBggBEEUYOTIHCAIQABiABDIHCAMQABiABDINCAQQABiRAhiABBiKBTIMCAUQABgUGIcCGIAEMgYIBhBFGDwyBggHEC4YQNIBCDM3MTBqMGoxqAIAsAIA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 What are positive affirmations?] ]] | ||
| + | [[File:Tips for using positive affirmations.png|thumbnail|center|800px|Source: [https://www.google.com/search?q=what+are+positive+affirmations&oq=what+are+positive+&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqDQgAEAAYkQIYgAQYigUyDQgAEAAYkQIYgAQYigUyBggBEEUYOTIHCAIQABiABDIHCAMQABiABDINCAQQABiRAhiABBiKBTIMCAUQABgUGIcCGIAEMgYIBhBFGDwyBggHEC4YQNIBCDM3MTBqMGoxqAIAsAIA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 What are positive affirmations?] ]] | ||
'''Articles on positive affirmations:''' | '''Articles on positive affirmations:''' | ||
Revision as of 22:48, February 1, 2025
According to HealthDirect: "Self-talk is the way you talk to yourself, or your inner voice. You might not be aware that you're doing it, but you almost certainly are. This inner voice combines conscious thoughts with inbuilt beliefs and biases to create an internal monologue throughout the day."[2]
Making one's self-talk employ more positive thinking and employing more constructive/realistic/problem solving/creative thinking is better for one's physical/mental health and increases one's performance at tasks.[3][4][5]
Self-talk and sports psychology
See also: Sport psychology
According to McLeod Health, in sports psychology, "Self-talk is defined as the verbalization or statements athletes repeat to themselves prior to or during skill execution (Begley, 2012). Performing these techniques can improve focus and slow the brain down, giving it the ability to devote more “power” to the specific task at hand."[6]
Usain Bolt beating Tyson Gay and setting a 100 meter world record at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics in Berlin, Germany.
Runners World magazine indicates concerning self-talk:
| “ | Most runners have experienced race-day jitters. You spend months training, building confidence and fitness, and then as you get closer to the race—boom, the excited butterflies have turned into crippling competition anxiety.
It’s completely normal, says sports psychologist Stephen Gonzalez, Ph.D., assistant athletics director for leadership and mental performance at Dartmouth College. Your natural fight-or-flight instincts kick in when you’re anticipating the start. According to Gonzalez, anxiety comes from the unknown: “Prior to a competition, we have an idea of what we might be able to do, but it's still uncertain—because you have to show up and still be able to do it.” ...Firstly, Gonzalez says to pay attention to how you talk to yourself before a race. He poses an example: Maybe you look around on the starting line and notice there are many fast runners around you. Then you start to wonder if you could keep up with their pace. That evolves into fear that you won’t be able to stay with them when you’re out on the course. Those are ineffective thoughts, meaning they don’t help you perform. Gonzalez recommends actively turning them into effective thoughts. For example, instead of focusing on others, remind yourself about your training and what you’re capable of accomplishing. Think back on all the runs, workouts, and efforts you put into this training cycle, and let that boost your confidence, knowing you made it this far and the race is a celebration of what you’ve already done. He warns not to simplify self-talk as positive or negative: “You can have a negative thought that’s productive. I’ve been in races where I've fallen off the back and said to myself, get your head out of your butt and get up there… Was it positive? No, but it served me in a way that was facilitative.”[8] |
” |
How to do positive self-talk effectively
See also: Positive thinking and Optimism and Gratitude and Journaling and Social influence and Social intelligence and Social networking
"To practice positive self-talk effectively, focus on recognizing negative thoughts, actively challenging them with realistic and evidence-based positive affirmations, and consistently replacing negative self-talk with more constructive statements that feel authentic to you; this can involve practicing gratitude, mindfulness, and journaling to track your thoughts and progress, while also seeking support from others when needed."[9]
Positive affirmations
See also: Positive affirmations and Motivation and Self-motivation and Confidence and Self-efficacy and Courage and Self-management and Achievement orientation
"Positive affirmations are phrases or words that people say to themselves to replace negative thoughts with positive ones. They can help people feel more motivated, confident, and encourage positive changes in their lives."[10]
Articles on positive affirmations:
- Positive Affirmations: Too Good to Be True?, Healthline.com
- Using Affirmations, Mindtools.com.
- Powerful Daily Affirmations To Improve Your Life by Jack Canfield (Good article overall, but has some "law of attraction" bunkum)
Science and positive affirmations:
- Do Positive Affirmations Work? What Experts Say, Cleveland Clinic.
- How to make self-affirmation work, based on science, Washington Post, 2022.
- Do Positive Affirmations Work? A Look at the Science by Steve Rose, PhD.
- Is There Science Behind Positive Daily Affirmations?.
- 5 Steps to Make Affirmations Work for You by Ronald Alexander Ph.D.
- The psychology of change: self-affirmation and social psychological intervention, PubMed.
- Reinstating the Resourceful Self: When and How Self-Affirmations Improve Executive Performance of the Powerless, PubMed.
- Self-affirmation activates brain systems associated with self-related processing and reward and is reinforced by future orientation, PubMed.
- Understanding self-affirmation effects: The moderating role of self-esteem, PubMed.
Videos:
Self-talk: Research and journal articles
Research
- Do Positive Affirmations Work?, PsychCentral, 2023
- What is positive self-talk?, Medical News Today, 2022
- How to make self-affirmation work, based on science, Washington Post, 2022.
- Do Positive Affirmations Work? What Experts Say, Cleveland Clinic, 2021
- Do Positive Affirmations Work? A Look at the Science by Steve Rose, PhD.
- Using Affirmations, Mindtools.com.
- Positive Affirmations: Too Good to Be True?, Healthline, 2020
- 5 Steps to Make Affirmations Work for You by Ronald Alexander Ph.D., 2011
Videos:
- Do affirmations work? - Videos
Journal articles
- Understanding self-affirmation effects: The moderating role of self-esteem, British Journal of Health Psychology. 2021 Nov;26(4):1016-1039. doi: 10.1111/bjhp.12517. Epub 2021 Feb 28.
- The effects of positive or negative self-talk on the alteration of brain functional connectivity by performing cognitive tasks, Scientific reports. 2021; 11: 14873. Published online 2021 Jul 21. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-94328-9
- Reinstating the Resourceful Self: When and How Self-Affirmations Improve Executive Performance of the Powerless, Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin. 2020 Feb;46(2):189-203. doi: 10.1177/0146167219853840. Epub 2019 Jun 11.
- Self-affirmation activates brain systems associated with self-related processing and reward and is reinforced by future orientation, Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience. 2016 Apr;11(4):621-9. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsv136. Epub 2015 Nov 5.
- The psychology of change: self-affirmation and social psychological intervention, Annual review of psychology', 2014:65:333-71. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115137.
- Effects of self-talk: a systematic review, Journal of sport & exercise psychology. 2011 Oct;33(5):666-87. doi: 10.1123/jsep.33.5.666.
Books
- Negative Self-Talk and How to Change it by Shad Helmstetter Ph.D, Park Avenue Press (May 13, 2019)
- What to Say When You Talk to Your Self by Shad Helmstetter Ph.D, Grindle Pr Audio (January 1, 1986)
Quote
"It's the repetition of affirmations that leads to belief. And once that belief becomes a deep conviction, things begin to happen." - Muhammad Ali
See also
- Positive thinking
- Visualization (psychology)
- Peak performance
- Agency (psychology)
- Self-doubt
- Self-regulation
- Self-control
- Self-awareness
- Sport psychology
- The Art of Mental Training - A Guide to Performance Excellence
External links
- Self-talk, HealthDirect
- What Are the Benefits of Self-Talk?, Healthline.com
- Positive Self-Talk: How Talking to Yourself Is a Good Thing, Healthline.com
- What is positive self-talk?, Medical News Today
- The Toxic Effects of Negative Self-Talk by Elizabeth Scott, PhD
Improving self-talk:
- 5 Tips to Improve Your Self-Talk, PsychCentral
- How to Use Positive Affirmations for a Fulfilling Life, PsychCentral
Notes
- ↑ Positive thinking: Stop negative self-talk to reduce stress
- ↑ Self-talk
- ↑ Self-talk
- ↑ Positive thinking: Stop negative self-talk to reduce stress
- ↑ Optimize your self-talk for peak performance, Champ, Uniformed Services University
- ↑ Sport Psychology: Self-Talk, McLeod Health
- ↑ How the world’s fastest man Usain Bolt mentally prepares for a race CNBC
- ↑ How to Deal With Competition Anxiety, Runners World
- ↑ Best practices for positive self-talk
- ↑ What are positive affirmations?


