To hold prices stable in a growing economy, the amount of currency in circulation should be held commensurate with the net rate of growth of new workers entering the labor force, which itself is a function of population growth.<ref>both natural increase and by immigration.</ref> Inflation occurs when a country is flooded with currency in excess of its growing population, and hence, its economic growth. In a country with a declining population, a similar phenomenon can occur if the amount of currency in circulation remains high as the number of workers and consumers declines. | To hold prices stable in a growing economy, the amount of currency in circulation should be held commensurate with the net rate of growth of new workers entering the labor force, which itself is a function of population growth.<ref>both natural increase and by immigration.</ref> Inflation occurs when a country is flooded with currency in excess of its growing population, and hence, its economic growth. In a country with a declining population, a similar phenomenon can occur if the amount of currency in circulation remains high as the number of workers and consumers declines. |