Difference between revisions of "William Knowland"
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|religion=[[Methodist]]<ref name="William E Knowland Is Apparent Suicide; Ex‐Senator Was 65">[https://www.nytimes.com/1974/02/24/archives/william-e-knowland-is-apparent-suicide-exsenator-was-65-knowland-is.html William E Knowland Is Apparent Suicide; Ex‐Senator Was 65]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref> | |religion=[[Methodist]]<ref name="William E Knowland Is Apparent Suicide; Ex‐Senator Was 65">[https://www.nytimes.com/1974/02/24/archives/william-e-knowland-is-apparent-suicide-exsenator-was-65-knowland-is.html William E Knowland Is Apparent Suicide; Ex‐Senator Was 65]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref> | ||
|alma_mater=[[University of California, Berkeley]] | |alma_mater=[[University of California, Berkeley]] | ||
| − | |office=United States Senator from [[California]] | + | |office=[[United States Senator]] from [[California]] |
|term_start=August 26, 1945 | |term_start=August 26, 1945 | ||
|term_end=January 3, 1959 | |term_end=January 3, 1959 | ||
|preceded=[[Hiram Johnson]] | |preceded=[[Hiram Johnson]] | ||
|succeeded=Clair Engle | |succeeded=Clair Engle | ||
| − | |office2=State Senator from<br> | + | |office2=State Senator from<br>California's 16th District |
|term_start2=January 7, 1935 | |term_start2=January 7, 1935 | ||
|term_end2=January 2, 1939 | |term_end2=January 2, 1939 | ||
Revision as of 20:56, August 22, 2021
| William Fife Knowland | |
 | |
| In office August 26, 1945 – January 3, 1959 | |
| Preceded by | Hiram Johnson |
|---|---|
| Succeeded by | Clair Engle |
State Senator from
California's 16th District | |
| In office January 7, 1935 – January 2, 1939 | |
| Preceded by | Arthur Breed, Sr. |
| Succeeded by | Arthur Breed, Jr. |
Member of the California State Assembly from the 14th District
| |
| In office January 2, 1933 – January 7, 1935 | |
| Preceded by | Frank Israel |
| Succeeded by | Charles Wagner |
| Born | June 26, 1908 Alameda, California |
| Died | February 23, 1974 Guerneville, California |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse(s) | Helen Davis Herrick Ann Dickson |
| Children | Three (along with two stepchildren) |
| Alma mater | University of California, Berkeley |
| Religion | Methodist[1] |
Military Service
| |
| Allegiance | United States |
| Service/branch | United States Army |
| Years of service | 1942–1945 |
| Rank | Major |
| Unit | Forward Echelon Communications Zone Fifteenth United States Army |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
William Fife “Bill”[2] Knowland (June 26, 1908 – February 23, 1974) was a California Republican who served as the state's U.S. senator from the mid-1940s to the late 50s, previously serving in the State Senate. He was known as an ardent anti-Communist throughout his tenure.
Political career
Knowland supported the candidacy of conservative Barry Goldwater for president in the 1964 election.[1]
U.S. Senate
After the death of incumbent senator Hiram Warren Johnson, then-governor of California Earl Warren appointed Knowland as an interim to the seat.[3]
Sen. Knowland decried the takeover of China by the Chinese Communists in 1949 and strongly supported Chiang Kai-Shek,[3] who led the Chinese Nationalist Party.
A supporter of right-to-work laws, Knowland opposed closed shops.[1]
Knowland, a supporter of Joseph McCarthy, was one of twenty-two mostly conservative senators who voted against the censure of Wisconsin Republican who had investigated and exposed communist infiltration of the U.S. government.[4][5] The censure was backed by both moderate/liberal Republicans and segregationist Democrats.
A civil rights advocate, Knowland gave strong support to the Civil Rights Act of 1957,[6] which he ensured Senate passage[7] and voted in favor of along with over 90% of Senate Republicans.[8] He opposed efforts supported by the majority of Senate Democrats (both Northern and Southern) at the direction of future president Lyndon B. Johnson (who was the Senate Majority Leader at the time) which watered down the bill.[9][10]
Suicide
Knowland was found dead in late February 1974 in what appeared to be a suicide by gunshot.[1]
See also
- U.S. "Party-switch" myth
- Thomas Kuchel, Knowland's Moderate Republican Senate colleague
- Styles Bridges
- Eugene Millikin
- William Purtell
- Bourke Hickenlooper
- Everett Dirksen
- Barry Goldwater
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 William E Knowland Is Apparent Suicide; Ex‐Senator Was 65. The New York Times. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
- ↑ February 25, 1974. KNOWLAND DEATH IS CALLED SUICIDE. The New York Times. Retrieved August 22, 2021.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 William Knowland: A Featured Biography. United States Senate. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
- ↑ S. RES. 301. PASSAGE.. GovTrack.us. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
- ↑ 1954McCarthyCensure.pdf. United States Senate. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
- ↑ Civil Rights Act of 1957. encyclopedia.com. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
- ↑ Knight, Martin (March 1, 2020). The Republican Party, Race and the South - Correcting The Record. RedState. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
- ↑ HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957.. GovTrack.us. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
- ↑ HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957. AMENDMENT TO DELETE AUTHORITY FOR ATTORNEY GENERAL TO SEEK PREVENTIVE RELIEF IN CIVIL RIGHTS CASES UNDER THE 14TH AMENDMENT.. GovTrack.us. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
- ↑ HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957. AMENDMENT TO GUARANTEE JURY TRIALS IN ALL CASES OF CRIMINAL CONTEMPT AND PROVIDE UNIFORM METHODS FOR SELECTING FEDERAL COURT JURIES.. GovTrack.us. Retrieved April 22, 2021.