Difference between revisions of "Euroskepticism"

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[[File:No-EU.png|thumb|200px|Euroskeptics oppose the European Union]]
 
[[File:No-EU.png|thumb|200px|Euroskeptics oppose the European Union]]
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'''Euroskepticism''' (also spelled "'''Euroscepticism'''") refers to the political philosophy opposed to the [[European Union]] and its increasingly centralized, federalist, and [[Socialism|socialist]] powers. Most Euroskeptics are [[conservative]], [[libertarian]], and [[populism|populist]], although some people on the Left also held to their own version of Euroskepticism. Adherents of Euroskepticism are known as Euroskeptics. [[Globalism|Globalists]] and supporters of a federal Europe oppose Euroskeptics.
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'''Euroskepticism''' (also spelled "'''Euroscepticism'''") refers to the political philosophy opposed to the [[European Union]] and its increasingly centralized, federalist, and [[Socialism|socialist]] powers. Most Euroskeptics are [[conservative]], [[libertarian]], and [[populism|populist]], although some people on the Left also held to their own version of Euroskepticism. Adherents of Euroskepticism are known as Euroskeptics. [[Globalism|Globalists]] and supporters of an All-European country oppose Euroskeptics.
  
 
==History==
 
==History==

Revision as of 15:15, July 13, 2017

Euroskeptics oppose the European Union

Euroskepticism (also spelled "Euroscepticism") refers to the political philosophy opposed to the European Union and its increasingly centralized, federalist, and socialist powers. Most Euroskeptics are conservative, libertarian, and populist, although some people on the Left also held to their own version of Euroskepticism. Adherents of Euroskepticism are known as Euroskeptics. Globalists and supporters of an All-European country oppose Euroskeptics.

History

Euroskepticism has its roots in the political and economic unification and integration of the European Union.[1]

1990s surge

One could see Euroskepticism in action in the 1990s, when the Maastricht Treaty was being adopted by EU nations.[1] Denmark rejected the treaty, and France barely approved it.[1] Additionally, Switzerland rejected joining the European Economic Area in 1992,[2][3] and Norway rejected a referendum to join the EU.[1] Many Euroskeptic parties grew during this period.[1]

2010s surge

Brexit results. Blue-shaded areas stand for council areas that voted "Leave". Orange stands for "Remain".

A new wave of Euroskepticism[4] resulted from the Eurozone Crisis, which began in 2009, and the European migrant crisis, which began a few years later. Euroskeptic parties performed strongly in the 2014 European parliament elections,[5][6][7][8] with such parties in the United Kingdom,[9] France,[10] and Denmark[11] gaining the most seats in their respective countries.

In the 2015 Swiss federal elections, the Swiss People's Party received 29.4 percent of the vote and 65 seats in the 200-seat National Council, a record amount for the party.[12][13] No Swiss political party had exceeded the SVP's share of the vote in at least a century, and no party received more seats in the National Council since 1963, when the number of seats was established at 200.[12]

In the first round of the 2016 Austrian presidential election, Freedom Party of Austria candidate Norbert Hofer received 35.1 percent of the vote, which at the time was the party's best result in a national election in history.[14] Hofer lost the run-off election by less than one percentage point,[15] and again received a relatively large percentage for a Euroskeptic party in a rerun later that year.[16]

On June 23, 2016, the United Kingdom voted to leave the EU.[17]

French National Front candidate Marine Le Pen received second place in the first round of the 2017 French election on April 23 with over 21% of the vote, meaning she advanced to the second round to face liberal globalist candidate Emmanuel Macron.[18][19][20] Le Pen]lost the election with just under 34% of the vote, the election was a victory for her in a sense as it showed that she, her party, and their ideas had entered and were influencing the French mainstream.[21] Soon after the election, it was revealed that even if Le Pen had won, the liberal elite in France would have taken steps to keep her from actually welding power.[22]

Euroskeptic political parties

Nigel Farage, a prominent Euroskeptic, in 2008

The following is a non-exhaustive list of European political parties that advocate for Euroskeptic policies:

Notable Euroskeptics

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Michael Ray. Euroskepticism. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved July 10, 2017.
  2. ↑ Miserez, Marc-Andre (December 2, 2012). Switzerland poised to keep EU at arm's length. Swissinfo. Retrieved August 16, 2016.
  3. ↑ Switzerland and the European Union (PDF) (2nd ed.). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. 2016. Retrieved August 16, 2016.
  4. ↑ Mutliple references:
  5. ↑ After Euroskeptic rise muddles European Union's future, EU leaders must find a way out. Fox News. May 26, 2014. Retrieved July 10, 2017.
  6. ↑ Eurosceptic 'earthquake' rocks EU elections. BBC. May 26, 2014.
  7. ↑ How Eurosceptic is the new European Parliament?. BBC. Retrieved July 10, 2017.
  8. ↑ Synon, M.E. (July 26, 2014). On the Continent: Germany, France and the earthquake. Breitbart News. Retrieved July 10, 2017.
  9. ↑ UK European election results. BBC. Retrieved September 8, 2016.
  10. ↑ McPartland, Ben (May 25, 2014). European Elections 2014: National Front tops vote. The Local. Retrieved July 10, 2017.
  11. ↑ Alexander, Harriet (May 26, 2014). EU election 2014: Danish eurosceptic People's Party wins - and calls for alliance with Cameron. The Telegraph. Retrieved July 10, 2017.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Anti-immigration party wins Swiss election in 'slide to the Right'. The Telegraph (originally by Reuters). October 19, 2015. Retrieved October 12, 2016.
  13. ↑ Swiss Parliament Shifts To Right In Vote Dominated By Migrant Surge. Breitbart (by AFP). October 19, 2015. Retrieved October 12, 2016.
  14. ↑ Troianovski, Anton (April 25, 2016). European Right Gets Boost From Austrian Freedom Party Victory. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved December 17, 2016.
  15. ↑ Troianovski, Anton (June 1, 2016). Austrian Court Orders Rerun of Presidential Vote. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved December 17, 2016.
  16. ↑ Oliphant, Roland; Cseko, Balazs (December 4, 2016). Austrian far-right defiant as Freedom Party claims 'pole position' for general election: 'Our time comes'. The Telegraph. Retrieved December 17, 2016.
  17. ↑ WHAT NOW? 'Brexit' vote puts Britain, EU in uncharted territory. Fox News. June 24, 2016. Retrieved July 10, 2017.
  18. ↑ French presidential election: Le Pen, Macron win first round to advance to runoff. Fox News. Retrieved April 23, 2017.
  19. ↑ French election first round results 2017 – Macron and Le Pen go through. The Guardian. April 23, 2017. Retrieved April 23, 2017.
  20. ↑ Berton, Elena (April 23, 2017). French voters reject establishment, send Macron and Le Pen to presidential runoff. The Washington Times. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
  21. ↑ Mohdin, Aamna (May 8, 2017). Marine Le Pen lost the vote but she won something better. Quartz. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
  22. ↑ Dettmer, Jamie (May 19, 2017). Media: French Officials Had Secret Plan in Event of Le Pen Win. Voice of America. Retrieved May 22, 2017.

External links

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