Difference between revisions of "Periodic table of the elements"

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m (sp "properties" "existence")
m (→‎The Periodic Table: Using new template default to save space)
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|{{ptc|2|He|Helium|4.003|gold}}
 
|{{ptc|2|He|Helium|4.003|gold}}
 
|-
 
|-
−
|{{ptc|3|Li|Lithium|6.939|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|3|Li|Lithium|6.939}}
−
|{{ptc|4|Be|Beryllium|9.0122|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|4|Be|Beryllium|9.0122}}
 
|||||||||||||||||||
 
|||||||||||||||||||
 
|{{ptc|5|B|Boron|10.811|#bbbbff}}
 
|{{ptc|5|B|Boron|10.811|#bbbbff}}
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|{{ptc|10|Ne|Neon|10.183|gold}}
 
|{{ptc|10|Ne|Neon|10.183|gold}}
 
|-
 
|-
−
|{{ptc|11|Na|Sodium|22.99|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|11|Na|Sodium|22.99}}
−
|{{ptc|12|Mg|Magnesium|24.312|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|12|Mg|Magnesium|24.312}}
 
!valign="bottom"|3B
 
!valign="bottom"|3B
 
!valign="bottom"|4B
 
!valign="bottom"|4B
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!valign="bottom"|1B
 
!valign="bottom"|1B
 
!valign="bottom"|2B
 
!valign="bottom"|2B
−
|{{ptc|13|Al|Aluminium|26.982|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|13|Al|Aluminium|26.982}}
 
|{{ptc|14|Si|Silicon|28.086|#bbbbff}}
 
|{{ptc|14|Si|Silicon|28.086|#bbbbff}}
 
|{{ptc|15|P|Phosphorus|30.974|#00ff00}}
 
|{{ptc|15|P|Phosphorus|30.974|#00ff00}}
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|{{ptc|18|Ar|Argon|39.948|gold}}
 
|{{ptc|18|Ar|Argon|39.948|gold}}
 
|-
 
|-
−
|{{ptc|19|K|Potassium|39.102|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|19|K|Potassium|39.102}}
−
|{{ptc|20|Ca|Calcium|40.08|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|20|Ca|Calcium|40.08}}
−
|{{ptc|21|Sc|Scandium|44.956|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|21|Sc|Scandium|44.956}}
−
|{{ptc|22|Ti|Titanium|47.9|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|22|Ti|Titanium|47.9}}
−
|{{ptc|23|V|Vanadium|50.942|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|23|V|Vanadium|50.942}}
−
|{{ptc|24|Cr|Chromium|51.996|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|24|Cr|Chromium|51.996}}
−
|{{ptc|25|Mn|Manganese|54.938|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|25|Mn|Manganese|54.938}}
−
|{{ptc|26|Fe|Iron|55.847|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|26|Fe|Iron|55.847}}
−
|{{ptc|27|Co|Cobalt|58.933|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|27|Co|Cobalt|58.933}}
−
|{{ptc|28|Ni|Nickel|58.71|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|28|Ni|Nickel|58.71}}
−
|{{ptc|29|Cu|Copper|63.546|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|29|Cu|Copper|63.546}}
−
|{{ptc|30|Zn|Zinc|65.37|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|30|Zn|Zinc|65.37}}
−
|{{ptc|31|Ga|Gallium|69.72|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|31|Ga|Gallium|69.72}}
 
|{{ptc|32|Ge|Germanium|72.59|#bbbbff}}
 
|{{ptc|32|Ge|Germanium|72.59|#bbbbff}}
 
|{{ptc|33|As|Arsenic|74.922|#bbbbff}}
 
|{{ptc|33|As|Arsenic|74.922|#bbbbff}}
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|{{ptc|36|Kr|Krypton|83.8|gold}}
 
|{{ptc|36|Kr|Krypton|83.8|gold}}
 
|-
 
|-
−
|{{ptc|37|Rb|Rubidium|85.47|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|37|Rb|Rubidium|85.47}}
−
|{{ptc|38|Sr|Strontium|87.62|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|38|Sr|Strontium|87.62}}
−
|{{ptc|39|Y|Yttrium|88.905|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|39|Y|Yttrium|88.905}}
−
|{{ptc|40|Zr|Zirconium|91.22|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|40|Zr|Zirconium|91.22}}
−
|{{ptc|41|Nb|Niobium|92.906|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|41|Nb|Niobium|92.906}}
−
|{{ptc|42|Mo|Molybdenum|95.94|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|42|Mo|Molybdenum|95.94}}
−
|{{ptc|43|Tc|Technetium|[97]|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|43|Tc|Technetium|[97]}}
−
|{{ptc|44|Ru|Ruthenium|101.07|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|44|Ru|Ruthenium|101.07}}
−
|{{ptc|45|Rh|Rhodium|102.91|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|45|Rh|Rhodium|102.91}}
−
|{{ptc|46|Pd|Palladium|106.4|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|46|Pd|Palladium|106.4}}
−
|{{ptc|47|Ag|Silver|107.87|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|47|Ag|Silver|107.87}}
−
|{{ptc|48|Cd|Cadmium|112.4|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|48|Cd|Cadmium|112.4}}
−
|{{ptc|49|In|Indium|114.82|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|49|In|Indium|114.82}}
−
|{{ptc|50|Sn|Tin|118.69|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|50|Sn|Tin|118.69}}
 
|{{ptc|51|Sb|Antimony|121.75|#bbbbff}}
 
|{{ptc|51|Sb|Antimony|121.75|#bbbbff}}
 
|{{ptc|52|Te|Tellurium|127.6|#bbbbff}}
 
|{{ptc|52|Te|Tellurium|127.6|#bbbbff}}
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|{{ptc|54|Xe|Xenon|131.3|gold}}
 
|{{ptc|54|Xe|Xenon|131.3|gold}}
 
|-
 
|-
−
|{{ptc|55|Cs|Caesium|132.91|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|55|Cs|Caesium|132.91}}
−
|{{ptc|56|Ba|Barium|137.34|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|56|Ba|Barium|137.34}}
−
|{{ptc|57*|La|Lanthanum|138.91|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|57*|La|Lanthanum|138.91}}
−
|{{ptc|72|Hf|Hafnium|178.49|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|72|Hf|Hafnium|178.49}}
−
|{{ptc|73|Ta|Tantalum|180.95|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|73|Ta|Tantalum|180.95}}
−
|{{ptc|74|W|Tungsten|183.85|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|74|W|Tungsten|183.85}}
−
|{{ptc|75|Re|Rhenium|186.2|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|75|Re|Rhenium|186.2}}
−
|{{ptc|76|Os|Osmium|190.2|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|76|Os|Osmium|190.2}}
−
|{{ptc|77|Ir|Iridium|192.2|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|77|Ir|Iridium|192.2}}
−
|{{ptc|78|Pt|Platinum|195.09|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|78|Pt|Platinum|195.09}}
−
|{{ptc|79|Au|Gold|196.97|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|79|Au|Gold|196.97}}
−
|{{ptc|80|Hg|Mercury (element)|200.59|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|80|Hg|Mercury (element)|200.59}}
−
|{{ptc|81|Tl|Thallium|204.37|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|81|Tl|Thallium|204.37}}
−
|{{ptc|82|Pb|Lead|207.19|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|82|Pb|Lead|207.19}}
−
|{{ptc|83|Bi|Bismuth|208.98|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|83|Bi|Bismuth|208.98}}
−
|{{ptc|84|Po|Polonium|210|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|84|Po|Polonium|210}}
 
|{{ptc|85|At|Astatine|210|#bbbbff}}
 
|{{ptc|85|At|Astatine|210|#bbbbff}}
 
|{{ptc|86|Rn|Radon|222|gold}}
 
|{{ptc|86|Rn|Radon|222|gold}}
 
|-
 
|-
−
|{{ptc|87|Fr|Francium|215|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|87|Fr|Francium|215}}
−
|{{ptc|88|Ra|Radium|226.03|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|88|Ra|Radium|226.03}}
−
|{{ptc|89**|Ac|Actinium|227.03|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|89**|Ac|Actinium|227.03}}
−
|{{ptc|104|Rf|Rutherfordium|[261]|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|104|Rf|Rutherfordium|[261]}}
−
|{{ptc|105|Db|Dubnium|[262]|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|105|Db|Dubnium|[262]}}
−
|{{ptc|106|Sg|Seaborgium|[266]|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|106|Sg|Seaborgium|[266]}}
−
|{{ptc|107|Bh|Bohrium|[264]|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|107|Bh|Bohrium|[264]}}
−
|{{ptc|108|Hs|Hassium|[269]|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|108|Hs|Hassium|[269]}}
−
|{{ptc|109|Mt|Meitnerium|[268]|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|109|Mt|Meitnerium|[268]}}
−
|{{ptc|110|||[271]|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|110|||[271]}}
−
|{{ptc|111|||[272]|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|111|||[272]}}
−
|{{ptc|112|||[277]|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|112|||[277]}}
 
|
 
|
−
|{{ptc|114|||[289]|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|114|||[289]}}
 
|
 
|
−
|{{ptc|116|||[289]|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|116|||[289]}}
 
|||
 
|||
 
|-
 
|-
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|-
 
|-
 
|colspan="2"|*Lanthanides
 
|colspan="2"|*Lanthanides
−
|{{ptc|58|Ce|Cerium|140.12|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|58|Ce|Cerium|140.12}}
−
|{{ptc|59|Pr|Praseodymium|140.91|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|59|Pr|Praseodymium|140.91}}
−
|{{ptc|60|Nd|Neodymium|144.24|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|60|Nd|Neodymium|144.24}}
−
|{{ptc|61|Pm|Promethium|145|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|61|Pm|Promethium|145}}
−
|{{ptc|62|Sm|Samarium|150.35|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|62|Sm|Samarium|150.35}}
−
|{{ptc|63|Eu|Europium|151.96|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|63|Eu|Europium|151.96}}
−
|{{ptc|64|Gd|Gadolinium|157.25|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|64|Gd|Gadolinium|157.25}}
−
|{{ptc|65|Tb|Terbium|158.92|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|65|Tb|Terbium|158.92}}
−
|{{ptc|66|Dy|Dysprosium|162.5|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|66|Dy|Dysprosium|162.5}}
−
|{{ptc|67|Ho|Holmium|164.93|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|67|Ho|Holmium|164.93}}
−
|{{ptc|68|Er|Erbium|167.26|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|68|Er|Erbium|167.26}}
−
|{{ptc|69|Tm|Thulium|168.93|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|69|Tm|Thulium|168.93}}
−
|{{ptc|70|Yb|Ytterbium|173.04|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|70|Yb|Ytterbium|173.04}}
−
|{{ptc|71|Lu|Lutetium|174.97|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|71|Lu|Lutetium|174.97}}
 
|||
 
|||
 
|-
 
|-
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|-
 
|-
 
|colspan="2"|**Actinides
 
|colspan="2"|**Actinides
−
|{{ptc|90|Th|Thorium|232.04|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|90|Th|Thorium|232.04}}
−
|{{ptc|91|Pa|Protactinium|231|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|91|Pa|Protactinium|231}}
−
|{{ptc|92|U|Uranium|238.03|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|92|U|Uranium|238.03}}
−
|{{ptc|93|Np|Neptunium|237.05|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|93|Np|Neptunium|237.05}}
−
|{{ptc|94|Pu|Plutonium|239.05|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|94|Pu|Plutonium|239.05}}
−
|{{ptc|95|Am|Americium|241.06|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|95|Am|Americium|241.06}}
−
|{{ptc|96|Cm|Curium|244.06|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|96|Cm|Curium|244.06}}
−
|{{ptc|97|Bk|Berkelium|249.08|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|97|Bk|Berkelium|249.08}}
−
|{{ptc|98|Cf|Californium|252.08|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|98|Cf|Californium|252.08}}
−
|{{ptc|99|Es|Einsteinium|252.08|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|99|Es|Einsteinium|252.08}}
−
|{{ptc|100|Fm|Fermium|257.1|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|100|Fm|Fermium|257.1}}
−
|{{ptc|101|Md|Mendelevium|258.1|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|101|Md|Mendelevium|258.1}}
−
|{{ptc|102|No|Nobelium|259.1|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|102|No|Nobelium|259.1}}
−
|{{ptc|103|Lr|Larencium|262.11|pink}}
+
|{{ptc|103|Lr|Larencium|262.11}}
 
|||
 
|||
 
|-
 
|-

Revision as of 23:35, January 24, 2008

Circular periodic table

The periodic table of the elements is a diagrammatic tool to illustrate the scientific theory of periodicity in chemistry, in which the elements have similar properties based on their position on the table. For example, the elements on the left of the table are all metals. The table has a lot of predictive power, although there are many exceptions to the periodic properties.

The periodic table was first developed by Russian chemist Dimitri Mendeleev. Its layout accurately arranges elements by their electron configuration, atomic number, and chemical properties. Using the structure he created, Mendeleev predicted the existence and properties of several yet-undiscovered elements; when those elements were discovered, his estimates proved to be quite accurate.

The Periodic Table

1A 8A
1
H
1.008
 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
2
He
4.003
3
Li
6.939
4
Be
9.0122
5
B
10.811
6
C
12.011
7
N
14.007
8
O
15.999
9
F
18.998
10
Ne
10.183
11
Na
22.99
12
Mg
24.312
 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B <--- 8B --> 1B 2B
13
Al
26.982
14
Si
28.086
15
P
30.974
16
S
32.064
17
Cl
35.453
18
Ar
39.948
19
K
39.102
20
Ca
40.08
21
Sc
44.956
22
Ti
47.9
23
V
50.942
24
Cr
51.996
25
Mn
54.938
26
Fe
55.847
27
Co
58.933
28
Ni
58.71
29
Cu
63.546
30
Zn
65.37
31
Ga
69.72
32
Ge
72.59
33
As
74.922
34
Se
78.96
35
Br
79.904
36
Kr
83.8
37
Rb
85.47
38
Sr
87.62
39
Y
88.905
40
Zr
91.22
41
Nb
92.906
42
Mo
95.94
43
Tc
[97]
44
Ru
101.07
45
Rh
102.91
46
Pd
106.4
47
Ag
107.87
48
Cd
112.4
49
In
114.82
50
Sn
118.69
51
Sb
121.75
52
Te
127.6
53
I
126.9
54
Xe
131.3
55
Cs
132.91
56
Ba
137.34
57*
La
138.91
72
Hf
178.49
73
Ta
180.95
74
W
183.85
75
Re
186.2
76
Os
190.2
77
Ir
192.2
78
Pt
195.09
79
Au
196.97
80
Hg
200.59
81
Tl
204.37
82
Pb
207.19
83
Bi
208.98
84
Po
210
85
At
210
86
Rn
222
87
Fr
215
88
Ra
226.03
89**
Ac
227.03
104
Rf
[261]
105
Db
[262]
106
Sg
[266]
107
Bh
[264]
108
Hs
[269]
109
Mt
[268]
110
 
[271]
111
 
[272]
112
 
[277]
114
 
[289]
116
 
[289]
 
*Lanthanides
58
Ce
140.12
59
Pr
140.91
60
Nd
144.24
61
Pm
145
62
Sm
150.35
63
Eu
151.96
64
Gd
157.25
65
Tb
158.92
66
Dy
162.5
67
Ho
164.93
68
Er
167.26
69
Tm
168.93
70
Yb
173.04
71
Lu
174.97
 
**Actinides
90
Th
232.04
91
Pa
231
92
U
238.03
93
Np
237.05
94
Pu
239.05
95
Am
241.06
96
Cm
244.06
97
Bk
249.08
98
Cf
252.08
99
Es
252.08
100
Fm
257.1
101
Md
258.1
102
No
259.1
103
Lr
262.11
 
Nonmetals
Semimetals
Metals
Noble Gases
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