Difference between revisions of "Perry W. Howard, II"

From Conservapedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
m
Line 45: Line 45:
 
Indeed, Reece was proven correct when Howard led the Mississippi delegation among the Republican National Committee in supporting the nomination of the Ohio senator over Eisenhower.<ref>Apple, Jr., R.W. (August 31, 2004). [https://www.nytimes.com/2004/08/30/us/republicans-convention-new-york-apple-s-almanac-father-southern-strategy-76-here.html THE REPUBLICANS: THE CONVENTION IN NEW YORK -- APPLE'S ALMANAC; Father of the Southern Strategy, at 76, Is Here for His 11th Convention]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved October 14, 2021.</ref><ref>Rothbard, Murray N. (June 21, 2011). [https://mises.org/library/swan-song-old-right Swan Song of the Old Right]. ''Mises Institute''. Retrieved October 14, 2021.</ref> The latter, however, ultimately maneuvered his way towards the party nomination with the bolstering of [[New York]] lawyer [[Herbert Brownell]],<ref>[https://www.eisenhowerlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/finding-aids/pdf/brownell-herbert-papers.pdf BROWNELL, HERBERT JR.:  Papers, 1877-1988]. ''Eisenhower Presidential Library''. Retrieved October 14, 2021.</ref> and proceeded to defeat Democrat [[Adlai Stevenson]] in the general election by a landslide.
 
Indeed, Reece was proven correct when Howard led the Mississippi delegation among the Republican National Committee in supporting the nomination of the Ohio senator over Eisenhower.<ref>Apple, Jr., R.W. (August 31, 2004). [https://www.nytimes.com/2004/08/30/us/republicans-convention-new-york-apple-s-almanac-father-southern-strategy-76-here.html THE REPUBLICANS: THE CONVENTION IN NEW YORK -- APPLE'S ALMANAC; Father of the Southern Strategy, at 76, Is Here for His 11th Convention]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved October 14, 2021.</ref><ref>Rothbard, Murray N. (June 21, 2011). [https://mises.org/library/swan-song-old-right Swan Song of the Old Right]. ''Mises Institute''. Retrieved October 14, 2021.</ref> The latter, however, ultimately maneuvered his way towards the party nomination with the bolstering of [[New York]] lawyer [[Herbert Brownell]],<ref>[https://www.eisenhowerlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/finding-aids/pdf/brownell-herbert-papers.pdf BROWNELL, HERBERT JR.:  Papers, 1877-1988]. ''Eisenhower Presidential Library''. Retrieved October 14, 2021.</ref> and proceeded to defeat Democrat [[Adlai Stevenson]] in the general election by a landslide.
  
−
Howard's backing of Sen. Taft was consistent among the Southern "black and tan" delegations which represented the traditional roots of the GOP. The Arkansas delegation, led by lawyer [[Osro Cobb]], also supported the Ohio senator. Taft was an ardent supporter of civil rights who supported desegregation, [[anti-lynching legislation]], and spearheaded efforts to end racial discrimination in the workplace.<ref>Edwards, Lee (October 2020). [https://www.heritage.org/sites/default/files/2020-10/MAPT20.pdf The Political Thought of Robert A. Taft]. ''The Heritage Foundation''. Retrieved October 14, 2021.</ref><ref>Fascinating Politics (April 30, 2019). [https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2019/04/30/robert-tafts-conservative-proposal-for-civil-rights/ Robert Taft’s Conservative Proposal for Civil Rights]. ''Mad Politics: The Bizarre, Fascinating, and Unknown of American Political History''. Retrieved October 14, 2021.</ref>
+
Howard's backing of Sen. Taft was consistent among the Southern "black and tan" delegations which represented the traditional roots of the GOP. The Arkansas delegation, led by lawyer [[Osro Cobb]], also supported the Ohio senator. Taft was an ardent supporter of civil rights who supported desegregation, [[anti-lynching legislation]], and spearheaded efforts to end racial discrimination in the workplace by pushing for a "voluntary FEPC" bill in 1950.<ref>Edwards, Lee (October 2020). [https://www.heritage.org/sites/default/files/2020-10/MAPT20.pdf The Political Thought of Robert A. Taft]. ''The Heritage Foundation''. Retrieved October 14, 2021.</ref><ref>Fascinating Politics (April 30, 2019). [https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2019/04/30/robert-tafts-conservative-proposal-for-civil-rights/ Robert Taft’s Conservative Proposal for Civil Rights]. ''Mad Politics: The Bizarre, Fascinating, and Unknown of American Political History''. Retrieved October 14, 2021.</ref>
  
 
===Death===
 
===Death===

Revision as of 19:32, October 15, 2021

Perry Wilbon Howard, II

Special Assistant to the United States Attorney General
In office
Mary 15, 1921 – ???
President Warren G. Harding
Born June 14, 1877
Ebenezer, Mississippi
Died February 1, 1961 (aged 84)
Washington, D.C.
Resting place Arlington National Cemetery
Political party Republican
Spouse(s) (name unknown, died 1957)[1]
Children Perry Wilbon Howard, III

Parents:
Sallie and Perry Wilbon Howard, I

Religion Methodist[2]

Perry Wilbon Howard, II (June 14, 1877 – February 1, 1961), also known as Perry Wilbon Howard, Jr.,[3] was a lawyer, college professor, and prominent Mississippi figure within the Republican Party known for leading the state's "black and tan" GOP faction in national politics during an era of Democratic Party-instituted Jim Crow racism. Born to former slaves, Howard achieved prominence in life through economic mobility and exceptional abilities.[4]

Similar to famous activist and leader Booker T. Washington, Howard was considered an "accommodationist," and his speeches often drew more support from whites than blacks.[4] During the time, these stances tended to emphasize economic self-improvement and better race relations as opposed to pushing for immediate, radical changes.

Background

Howard was born in Ebenezer, Mississippi (located in Holmes County) to Sallie and Perry Wilbon Howard, I (also known as Perry Howard, Sr.), who were previously enslaved.[4] His family, which owned farmland, placed a priority and emphasis on prosperity via education, and Howard was sent along with all of his brothers to universities.[4] He also had a sister, Sarah E. Howard, who outlived him.[1]

After graduating from Rust College, Howard attended Fisk University and Illinois College, where he studied mathematics and law respectively.[4] Following admission in 1905 into the state bar, he began law practice as an attorney that would continue for fifteen years, and his office, located in the capital city of Jackson, quickly helped spark growing economic black mobility in the area.[4]

Political career

Howard was appointed by conservative Republican President Warren Harding in 1921 to become a special assistant to the United States Attorney General.[3][5]

In 1924, Howard ousted Michael Mulvihill for a position on the Republican National Committee.[4] Being the first black member among the GOP leadership role in twenty-five years, he quickly established himself as a figure representing the party's concern for civil rights.[4] Although his political impact was heavily stifled due to racist Democrat laws violating the voting rights of Mississippi blacks, his accomodationist stances proved to be effective in ensuring a persistent maintaining of his position.[4]

Considered highly brilliant and intelligent by party leaders, Howard was viewed as a favorite of the committee.[3] He also became known for his battles with the "lily-white" wing of the Mississippi GOP.[3]

During the 1928 presidential election, Howard was selected by Republicans in Kansas City to lead the Mississippi GOP delegation.[6] He also had suggested the nomination of conservative U.S. representative Hamilton Fish, III for vice president, stating that the GOP ticket would thereby maintain a stronghold among the black vote in competing against Democrat nominee Alfred E. Smith.[7] The Republican vice presidential nomination ultimately went to Senate Majority Leader Charles Curtis, and the Hoover/Curtis ticket defeated the Smith/Robinson ticket in the general election by a landslide.

In July 1928, Howard was suspended from his committee positions by the federal government on corruption charges.[8] Targeted by political enemies, namely Jim Crow Democrats, Howard in part called out the "lily-white" GOP faction over the suspension, further adding on that he was:[9]

The Howard-led Mississippi GOP delegation in 1952 supported Robert Taft (pictured above) for president.
“ ...guilty of no wrong doing, directly or indirectly. ”

Supporting Robert Taft, 1952

In the 1952 presidential election, conservative U.S. senator Robert A. Taft competed with Moderate Republican Dwight Eisenhower for the party nomination. Tennessee Republican representative B. Carroll Reece predicted that the Republicans delegations from southern and border states would strongly support Taft.[10]

Indeed, Reece was proven correct when Howard led the Mississippi delegation among the Republican National Committee in supporting the nomination of the Ohio senator over Eisenhower.[11][12] The latter, however, ultimately maneuvered his way towards the party nomination with the bolstering of New York lawyer Herbert Brownell,[13] and proceeded to defeat Democrat Adlai Stevenson in the general election by a landslide.

Howard's backing of Sen. Taft was consistent among the Southern "black and tan" delegations which represented the traditional roots of the GOP. The Arkansas delegation, led by lawyer Osro Cobb, also supported the Ohio senator. Taft was an ardent supporter of civil rights who supported desegregation, anti-lynching legislation, and spearheaded efforts to end racial discrimination in the workplace by pushing for a "voluntary FEPC" bill in 1950.[14][15]

Death

Howard died in early February 1961 while in his sleep.[1] Funeral services were held and Asbury Methodist Church, and he is interred at Arlington National Cemetery.[1]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Perry Wilbon Howard Jr.. Find a Grave. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  2. ↑ Howard. The Political Graveyard. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 McMillen, Neil R. Perry W. Howard, Boss of Black-and-Tan Republicanism in Mississippi, 1924-1960. JSTOR. Retrieved October 14, 2921.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 Engledew, Devin (March 14, 2007). Perry Wilbon Howard (1877-1961). BlackPast. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  5. ↑ Smith, Jr., J. Clay (September 19, 1984). Black Lawyers in the Federal Government: 1844 -1940. Howard University. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  6. ↑ June 7, 1928. NO DOUBLE-CROSSING.. The New York Times. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  7. ↑ May 23, 1928. URGES HAMILTON FISH FOR VICE PRESIDENT; Mississippi Committeeman Says He Would Take Negro Vote From Gov. Smith.. The New York Times. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  8. ↑ July 18, 1928. SARGENT SUSPENDS PERRY W. HOWARD; Acts Against Colored Aide and Deputy Marshal Hubbard, Held as Bribe-Takers. PLOT CHARGED BY HOWARD Six Accused of Patronage Trafficking Are Arraigned for Pleasat Biloxi, Miss.. The New York Times. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  9. ↑ July 17, 1928. Perry Howard Is Suspended After Indictment in Mississippi Probe. Associated Press via St. Petersburg Times via Google News. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  10. ↑ December 17, 1951. G.O.P. IN SOUTH SOLID FOR TAFT, SAYS REECE. The New York Times. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  11. ↑ Apple, Jr., R.W. (August 31, 2004). THE REPUBLICANS: THE CONVENTION IN NEW YORK -- APPLE'S ALMANAC; Father of the Southern Strategy, at 76, Is Here for His 11th Convention. The New York Times. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  12. ↑ Rothbard, Murray N. (June 21, 2011). Swan Song of the Old Right. Mises Institute. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  13. ↑ BROWNELL, HERBERT JR.: Papers, 1877-1988. Eisenhower Presidential Library. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  14. ↑ Edwards, Lee (October 2020). The Political Thought of Robert A. Taft. The Heritage Foundation. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  15. ↑ Fascinating Politics (April 30, 2019). Robert Taft’s Conservative Proposal for Civil Rights. Mad Politics: The Bizarre, Fascinating, and Unknown of American Political History. Retrieved October 14, 2021.

External links

v • d • e
Conservatism
Ideology
Leaders and Thinkers
Organizations
Other
Retrieved from "https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Perry_W._Howard,_II&oldid=1805148"