Donald Trump achievements: Deregulation and government size

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Official presidential photo of President Donald Trump
Main article: Donald Trump achievements

This article is a non-exhaustive list of achievements by U.S. President Donald Trump, his administration, and Congress related to deregulation and promoting limited government.

For additional deregulation achievements related to energy and the environment, see Donald Trump achievements: Energy and environmental policy. Some achievements related to healthcare and welfare can be found at Donald Trump achievements: Healthcare, welfare, and other social issues.

2017

President Trump signing an executive order requiring an audit on every executive branch agency, March 13, 2017
President Trump showing the growth in federal regulations since 1960, December 14, 2017

The Trump Administration made much progress in rolling back regulations,[1] described in May 2017 as its "biggest untold success."[2] President Trump and Congress spent much time rolling back regulations, particularly those created by Obama,[3] and the federal agencies under Trump shifted their focus on cutting regulations rather than writing them.[4] The Administration's focused on reducing regulations for the purpose of "furthering individual liberty and property rights" along with economic reasons.[5] According to the Competitive Enterprise Institute in October 2017, the Trump was the "least regulatory president" since Ronald Reagan and was even faster than Reagan in advancing his conservative deregulation agenda.[6]

Legislation signed, 2017

  • President Trump successfully made use of Congressional Review numerous times to roll back Obama-era regulations – even more than expected.[7][8] Prior to Trump's presidency, the Congressional Review Act had been used only once successfully, sixteen years prior.[9] When the window to use the CRA for Obama-era regulations ended, Congress had passed and Trump had signed 14 CRA resolutions repealing Obama regulations[10][11][12] – significantly more than expected.[10][13] These actions were estimated to have saved $3.7 billion in regulatory costs and up to $36.2 billion in compliance costs.[10][14] In November 2017, President Trump and Congress repealed another regulation through the CRA, this time a regulation passed after Trump assumed office.[15] Some examples of CRA legislation signed by President Trump follow (other examples can be found in different sub-articles):
    • February 14, 2017—President Trump signed a bill into law repealing an Obama Era relation requiring energy companies to disclose financial transactions with foreign governments.[16]
    • March 27, 2017—President Trump signed four bills undoing Obama-era regulations.[7][17] Two of those bills rolled back federal education regulations.[18]
    • March 31, 2017—President Trump signed another bill undoing an Obama-era regulation, giving the power back to the states to expand drug testing for unemployment benefit applicants.[19]
    • April 3, 2017—President Trump signed a bill reversing an Obama-era FCC privacy regulation applicable to internet service providers. The FCC had adopted the rule to fill a gap created by a court case which ruled that the FTC did not have jurisdiction to extend its privacy rule over internet service providers because they were regulated by the FCC. The new law repealed the FCC rule and prohibits the FCC from enacting a replacement for 10 years without giving the FTC jurisdiction to regulate internet service providers' privacy practices.[20] Part of yet another series of bills undoing other Obama regulations.[21]
  • May 12, 2017—President Trump signed Public Law 115–33 (S. 496),[22] which repealed a rule by the Department of Transportation that would have taken power away from local governments on infrastructure planning.[23] The bill did not invoke the CRA.[22]

Executive actions, 2017

The Trump Administration focused on removing regulations rather than creating them,[24] and the various departments in the Trump Administration moved to undo numerous regulations.[25] In the first six weeks of Trump's presidency, over 90 regulations were repealed, whether through executive orders, Acts of Congress, or other means[26][27] — clearly keeping his promises.[28] Additionally, by late May 2017, the Trump Administration had approved a record low number of new regulations – $33 million in new regulatory costs by May 23 as opposed to $26 billion in the same period in previous administrations, and releasing 8% the average amount of rules released by the past three administrations during the same period of time.[29] The Trump Administration had a significantly lower regulatory reach in several other aspects compared to the previous administration.[30] By July 2017, the Trump Administration had withdrawn or effectively killed 860 proposed Obama era regulations,[31] including 179 that were on a secret list of proposed regulations by the Obama Administration,[32] and rate of killed regulations was 16 for every new one – well above of the mandated rate of two removed regulations for every new one.[31] It was again reported in September 2017 that the Administration was keeping its promises on deregulation.[33] By December 2017, the Trump Administration was killing regulations at a rate of 22 for every 1 regulation created and had saved about $570 million a year due to its deregulation actions.[34]

It was reported in August 2017 that the Trump Administration's fight against regulations had saved businesses $4 billion per year compared to the Obama Administration.[35] In the first 11 months of Trump's presidency, his administration imposed $5.8 billion in new regulations, as opposed to $24.8 billion in the last 16 days of Obama's presidency.[36] By December 2017, the Trump Administration had already saved American taxpayers $378 million.[37]

In addition to cutting regulations, President Trump had a successful first year in reducing the number of federal government employees. By early August 2017, the Trump Administration had reportedly reduced the number of federal employees by 9,000 even with an increase in Pentagon employees.[38] By the end of September 2017, every cabinet department – with the sole exceptions of the departments of Homeland Security, Veterans Affairs, and the Interior – had fewer permanent staff than they had at the beginning of the year.[39] Overall, the number of federal employees fell by 16,000 during this time, and it was the first time since Bill Clinton's presidency that the number of federal employees fell during a president's first year in office.[39]

The Trump Administration took numerous actions related to reducing government regulations:

  • January 20, 2017—On its first day in office, the Trump Administration ordered a regulatory freeze on all federal governmental agencies.[40]
  • January 30, 2017—Trump signed an executive order that requires two federal regulations must be eliminated for every regulation created.[41]
  • February 3, 2017—President Trump signed a memorandum directing the United States Department of Labor to review a regulation signed by Obama set to go into effect.[42]
  • February 24, 2017—President Trump signed an executive order requiring every federal agency to create a "regulatory reform task force" to find unnecessary, burdensome regulations to repeal.[43] This order was called "the most far reaching effort to pare back U.S. red tape in recent decades."[44]
  • April 25, 2017—President Trump signed an executive order ordering the Department of Agriculture to find and eliminate unnecessary regulations, in an effort to help farmers, particularly in the light of NAFTA and the trade imbalance with Canada.[45]
  • The Trump Administration took actions regarding federal land use:
    • April 26, 2017—President Trump signed an executive order ordering the Interior Department to review designations of national monuments from as far back as 20 years prior, with the intention of reversing federal overreach in land acquisition and returning power to the states.[46]
    • December 4, 2017—President Trump signed two executive orders greatly reducing the land area of two national monuments in Utah – in order to "reverse federal overreach" and preserve states' rights – created by the Clinton and Obama administrations.[47] The orders went into effect on February 2, 2018.[48]
  • September 7, 2017—The Office of Management and Budget issued a memorandum expecting federal agencies to decrease their regulatory costs.[49]
  • December 14, 2017—The Federal Communications Commission voted to repeal Obama-era "Net Neutrality" regulations.[50] The FCC made the repeal official in April 2018,[51] and the repeal took effect on June 11, 2018.[52]

The Trump Administration took numerous actions related to reducing the size of government and reducing waste:

  • On Inauguration Day, 2017, the Trump administration instituted a federal hiring freeze.[53] On January 23, 2017, Trump signed an executive order instituting the hiring freeze, from which the military was exempted.[54] On April 12, 2017, the administration partially lifted the hiring freeze and replaced it with a plan to restructure and shrink the executive branch,[55] and it still planned on not filling numerous governmental positions.[56]
  • February 28, 2017—President Trump announced that he did not plan on filling numerous government positions he considered unnecessary.[57] According to one source, about 2,000 positions were vacant, and most of them were likely included in this list.[58] As of April 4, 2017, President Trump did not make a nomination for nearly 500 positions requiring Senate confirmation.[59]
  • March 13, 2017—President Trump signed an executive order to perform an audit on every executive branch agency in order to reduce spending and waste and improve services.[60]
  • June 19, 2017—The Environmental Protection Agency ended a $1 million program where it gave gym memberships to its employees, ending the program due to an abuse of taxpayer money.[61]
  • The White House 2017 payroll was $5.1 million lower than the Obama Administration's 2015 payroll. Additionally, the Trump White House employed 110 fewer employees than Obama, and it did not employ any policy "czars."[62] In addition, President Trump donated his entire first-quarter 2017 salary to restore the Antietam National Battlefield.[63]
  • It was reported in October 2017 that First Lady Melania Trump had significantly reduced her staff in comparison with her predecessor Michelle Obama. Melania Trump employed four people in 2017 with a combined annual salary of $486,700 compared to Michelle Obama's 16 employees (her press secretary stated in 2009 that she actually employed a record-breaking 24 people) and a combined annual salary of $1.24 million in 2009.[64]
  • December 7, 2017—The Department of Defense announced it would begin its first-ever agency-wide financial audit.[65] The Pentagon completed and released the audit in November 2018.[66]
  • In 2017, the Trump Administration saved $774 million by beginning to privatize FEMA flood insurance risk.[67]

Appointments, 2017

  • June 10, 2017—The U.S. Senate confirmed Neomi Rao, who was noted for her position in favor of deregulation, as the administrator of the White House Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA).[68]

Other achievements, 2017

While the following achievements were not official United States government policy actions by the Trump Administration, they were closely related to the Trump Administration and its policies:

  • The national debt decreased after President Trump assumed office, unlike Obama.[69] In Trump's first 100 days in office, the U.S. national debt decreased by $100 billion, as opposed to Obama, where the debt grew by $560 billion by the same point in his presidency.[70] While the national debt increased by over $600 billion and passed the $20 trillion mark during fiscal year 2017, the rate of growth was less than half the average during the Obama Administration, and the Trump Administration made moves to reduce the need to borrow money.[71]
  • It was reported in June 2017 that President Trump's deregulation actions had increased confidence and hiring in the manufacturing sector.[72]

Setbacks, 2017

The following setbacks to the MAGA agenda were often caused by Congress or officials in the Trump Administration, rather than President Trump himself. Some of them can also be considered partial achievements.

2018

The Trump Administration continued reducing regulations in 2018,[74] and it worked to reduce waste in the government.[75] According to a May 2018 report by the American Action Forum, the Trump Administration was on track to double the amount saved and the number of regulation cut compared to its goals,[76] and it reported in September 2018 that it had saved taxpayers $1.3 billion in Fiscal Year 2018.[77] By August 2018, twelve of 22 federal agencies had met or exceeded the savings target set by President Trump in 2017.[78] By May 2018, it had taken numerous steps to reduce banking regulations, both through legislation and through executive actions.[79] In October 2018, the Trump Administration announced it had saved $23 billion in regulatory costs and cut 12 regulations for every new one.[80] According to the Competitive Enterprise Institute, the Trump Administration issued the fewest number of new regulations in its first two years compared to any other administration since the regulatory state's establishment.[81]

The Trump Administration, through Acting Director Mick Mulvaney, took steps to reduce the power of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.[82] Through the leadership of the Trump Administration, Congress for the first time in twenty years was able to pass individual department spending bills rather than having to vote on "omnibus" bills.[83]

Legislation signed, 2018

  • March 28, 2018—President Trump signed a bill into law that created a permanent ban on the use of federal funds for official portraits, though it only cut a small amount of federal waste.[84]
  • May 21, 2018—President Trump signed a CRA bill into law repealing a 2013 guidance issued by the CFPB that regulated auto lending.[85]
  • May 24, 2018—President Trump signed a bill into law repealing some financial regulations put into place under the Dodd–Frank law, including reducing the amount of regulation and oversight for banks having under $250 billion in assets.[86] The Act was described as the largest change to U.S. banking regulations since the Dodd–Frank law.[87]

Executive actions, 2018

  • February 27, 2018—The White House announced President Trump had reached an informal deal with Boeing that would save the U.S. government $1.4 billion – with the new price at $3.9 billion – for two new Air Force One planes.[88] Similarly, the Defense Department suspended F-35 Lightning II deliveries due to a dispute with Lockheed Martin over who should pay for a production mistake in the jets.[89]
  • April 9, 2018—Fourteen Trump Administration agencies signed a memorandum to speed up the approval process for infrastructure projects.[90]
  • April 12, 2018—President Trump signed an order creating a task force to review the finances of the United States Postal Service.[91]
  • April 24, 2018—The Treasury Department released a report on its deregulatory actions, revealing that it had eliminated or proposed eliminating over 300 regulations.[92] It was reported at roughly the same time that the Trump Administration was taking steps to reduce financial regulations.[93]
  • May 24, 2018—President Trump signed a directive ordering federal agencies to reduce regulations for private space travel companies.[94]
  • May 25, 2018—President Trump signed three executive orders reforming federal workforce rules, such as making it easier to fire federal employees for misconduct, weakening the power of federal labor unions, and making the workforce more efficient and less costly.[95] Among these changes, federal workers were required to use at least 75% of their work time to actually do the jobs they were hired to do rather than doing union-related work.[95] That same day, Trump signed another executive order exempting tour operators from an Obama-era regulation that required a certain minimum wage for those working for companies contracting with the federal government.[96] On July 5, 2018, the White House's Office of Personnel Management moved to implement the orders,[97] and on November 8, 2018, the Department of Veterans Affairs announced it would end the practice of "official time" for its medical employees.[98]
  • As the White House's staff was significantly smaller than under the Obama Administration – 374 people in 2018 versus 469 in 2010 – the Trump Administration White House was able to cut its payroll by over $5 million compared to the Obama Administration's 2015 payroll and had saved a total of $11 million by 2018.[99] Meanwhile, the EPA's employment level fell to the lowest since the Reagan Administration.[100]
  • June 10, 2018—President Trump signed an executive order making all regulatory judges in the executive branch political appointees, something done in response to the Supreme Court case Lucia v. Securities and Exchange Commission and giving the Trump Administration greater control over the administrative state.[101]
  • July 16, 2018—The IRS proposed a rule to allow certain non-profits to not list large donors, thus protecting their privacy and First Amendment rights.[102]
  • August 30, 2018—Because of budgetary problems caused by overspending, President Trump canceled a planned across-the-board 2.1% pay raise for civilian federal employees, saving the government about $25 billion.[103] On December 29, 2018, President Trump signed an executive order canceling the pay raise.[104]
  • October 17, 2018—President Trump asked each of his cabinet members to cut spending in their departments by at least 5%.[105]
  • November 15, 2018—The Pentagon completed and released its first-ever department-wide audit.[66]

Other achievements, 2018

While the following achievements were not official United States government policy actions by the Trump Administration, they were closely related to the Trump Administration and its policies:

  • June 21, 2018—The Trump Administration released its proposal for a comprehensive reorganization of the federal government which would advance conservative principles, including merging the Labor and Education Departments into one, privatizing the United States Postal Service, and merging all welfare programs into the HHS, which would be renamed.[106]
  • Food stamp use declined by nearly 3.9 million people by the end of 2018 compared to when President Trump assumed office, something which saved taxpayers over $8.5 billion.[107]

Setbacks, 2018

The following setbacks to the MAGA agenda were often caused by Congress or officials in the Trump Administration, rather than President Trump himself. Some of them can also be considered partial achievements.

  • February 9, 2018—While President Trump signed a government funding bill that allowed for increasing military spending by $165 billion over two years,[108] the bill also raised domestic spending by $131 billion and also gave $90 billion for relief for areas recently affected by hurricanes, and it raised the spending limits imposed by the Budget Control Act of 2011.[109]
  • March 23, 2018—President Trump very reluctantly signed a massive $1.3 trillion omnibus spending bill into law despite threatening to veto it.[110] Despite massively raising defense spending, the bill also increased domestic spending by 12%, or $63 billion, despite the Trump Administration's proposal to massively reduce domestic spending, and it funded left-wing domestic priorities sought by the Obama Administration while doing little to advance conservative priorities.[111] In addition to wasteful domestic spending, the bill appropriated wasteful and unnecessary foreign spending[112] The bill also lacked social conservative and Christian priorities such as defunding Planned Parenthood.[113]
  • Despite a Republican-controlled Congress, the U.S. national debt surpassed $21 trillion in March 2018, only six months after reaching $20 trillion.[114] Federal spending grew faster than increased government revenues,[115] and the Treasury Department reported that by October 2018, the federal deficit had reached the highest level since 2012.[116] The Treasury Department announced in October 2018 that it expected that the U.S. government would raise the debt by $1.34 Trillion in 2018, more than double the previous year.[117] All this happened despite the fact that tax revenues reached record levels.[118]
  • June 20, 2018—The U.S. Senate rejected a Trump Administration plan to cancel $15 billion in spending.[119] The Trump Administration originally wanted to cut spending by $60 billion, but Mitch McConnell rejected this, forcing the Administration to propose a more modest cut.[120]
  • By mid-2018, the Trump Administration had come to fully support the Export-Import Bank of Washington, despite its numerous problems.[121] This came after President Trump made statements supporting the bank in 2017 despite opposing it during his 2016 presidential campaign,[122] and after the U.S. Senate rejected the administration's nomination of Scott Garrett, a critic of the bank, to lead it.[123]
  • The Trump Administration showed little interest in undoing the Obama Administration's overtime pay regulation and in adopting a pro-business policy on the matter.[124]

2019

President Trump signing two executive orders reforming the practice of issuing regulatory guidance, October 9, 2019

By 2019, the Trump Administration had taken steps to empower local governments and devolve power to them,[125] and it continued pursuing President Trump's conservative deregulatory agenda.[126] The American Action Forum reported in April 2019 that the Trump Administration was on track to surpass its deregulatory goal for that year by 31 times,[127] and the Competitive Enterprise Institute reported that in 2019, the Trump Administration set a new record for the smallest number of new regulations issued by the federal government since that data began being collected.[128] The federal workforce's overall growth was slower than under the Bush and Obama administrations and focused on border control, veterans and the military, while the Departments of Education, Labor, and Housing and Urban Development shrank in size.[129]

Legislation signed, 2019

  • July 1, 2019—While only a relatively modest achievement, President Trump signed a bill implementing some reforms at the Internal Revenue Service, including making it harder for the agency to seize property from Americans.[130]

Executive actions, 2019

  • January 2019—Because of the partial government shutdown, the U.S. government saw an "unprecedented pause" in issuing new regulations, even compared to previous shutdowns.[131]
  • February 6, 2019—The CFPB announced it would roll back an Obama-era regulation on payday loans.[132]
  • April 11, 2019—The Office of Management and Budget issued a memo ordering federal agencies to submit unofficial guidances for review in addition to formal rules. The OMB's action gave Congress increased ability to overturn those guidances.[133]
  • April 24, 2019—President Trump signed an executive order transferring responsibility for background checks of federal employees from the Office of Personnel Management to the Defense Department.[134]
  • June 11, 2019—President Trump signed an executive order directing federal agencies to simplify regulations for genetically modified food.[135]
  • June 14, 2019—President Trump signed an executive order directing federal agencies to reduce their advisory committees by at least one-third.[136]
  • June 25, 2019—President Trump signed an executive order creating the White House Council on Eliminating Barriers to Affordable Housing Development, intended to reduce regulations that made housing more expensive.[137]
  • July 1, 2019—It was reported that the Transportation Department had begun working to restrictions on truckers' driving time.[138] The administration released its proposed rule changes on August 14, 2019.[139]
  • July 9, 2019—The Trump Administration adopted a finalized rule to exempt small community banks from the Volcker Rule, freeing them from various regulations.[140] The administration moved forward with the revamped rules on August 20, 2019.[141]
  • September 4, 2019—The Trump Administration announced it would repeal Bush- and Obama-era regulations on lightbulbs.[142]
  • October 9, 2019—President Trump signed two executive orders to rein in the administrative state, limiting the use of agency guidance, increasing White House oversight over agency guidance, and requiring them to go through the same process as regular regulations.[143]
  • October 10, 2019—President Trump signed an executive order requiring federal agencies to offset administrative spending increases with spending cuts elsewhere.[144]
  • October 31, 2019—President Trump signed an executive order repealing a 2009 order signed by Obama that had placed limits on the hiring options of federal contractors.[145]
  • The Trump Administration moved several agency divisions out of Washington, D.C., and into the areas of the U.S. that they were created to serve. For example, the Agriculture Department moved two of its research agencies to Kansas City.[146] Additionally, the Interior Department announced it would move the Bureau of Land Management's headquarters to Colorado.[147]

Other achievements, 2019

While the following achievements were not official United States government policy actions by the Trump Administration, they were closely related to the Trump Administration and its policies:

  • May 17, 2019—Defying the typical practice in the U.S. government, U.S. Ambassador to Germany Richard Grenell advocated against a budget increase for his embassy in the country.[148]
  • Trump's presidential campaign advocated against Nanny State policies such as banning plastic straws.[149]

Setbacks, 2019

The following setbacks to the MAGA agenda were often caused by Congress or officials in the Trump Administration, rather than President Trump himself. Some of them can also be considered partial achievements.

  • Despite the Trump Administration's support for reducing the size of government, the number of government employees continued to increase,[150] and certain deregulatory actions stalled,[151] particularly at the Labor Department under Alex Acosta.[152] Left-wing federal judges also blocked many of the administration's deregulatory actions.[153] Additionally, the budget deficit continued increasing from Congress's unwillingness to reduce spending.[154] Additionally, a budget bill passed by Congress as the result of a compromise between Republicans and Democrats and signed by President Trump in August 2019 further increased spending,[155] as well as a later spending bill signed on December 20, 2019.[156]
  • July 8, 2019—The Federal Housing Finance Agency announced it would defend its leadership structure as constitutional, reversing the position it took earlier in the year.[157]
  • December 20, 2019—The federal spending bill President Trump signed included a provision raising the legal age to buy tobacco to 21.[158]

2020

Executive actions, 2020

  • January 7, 2020—The Trump Administration released guidelines for artificial intelligence and autonomous vehicle regulatory standards, with the guidelines warning against over-regulation.[159] The Administration released additional details of the guidelines the following day.[160]
  • May 7, 2020—President Trump signed an executive order to enhance the U.S. seafood industry via removing unnecessary regulations and cracking down on illegal and unethical fishing practices.[161]
  • May 28, 2020—The Trump Administration's social media anti-censorship Executive Order, which targets Section 230 of the Communications act.[163]

References

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  49. Multiple references:
  50. Multiple references: See also:
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  66. 66.0 66.1 Multiple references: See also: The Pentagon released a follow-up to the audit in January 2019, and it announced it had begun a second agency-wide audit:
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  78. Multiple references:
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  81. Multiple references:
  82. Multiple references: Specific actions: See also:
  83. Multiple references:
  84. Multiple references:
  85. Multiple references: See also:
  86. Multiple references: Despite the law's changes, it did not go as far as conservatives had wanted in rolling back the Dodd–Frank law: See also:
  87. Multiple references:
  88. Multiple references: See also:
  89. Multiple references:
  90. Multiple references:
  91. Multiple references:
  92. Multiple references: See also:
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  98. Multiple references:
  99. Multiple references:
  100. Multiple references: See also:
  101. Multiple references:
  102. Multiple references: Subsequent actions on this reform: See also: Other IRS actions:
  103. Multiple references:
  104. Multiple references:
  105. Multiple references: The immediate reactions of cabinet agencies: See also:
  106. Multiple references:
  107. Svab, Petr (March 4, 2019). Food Stamp Enrollment Declines Under Trump, Saving Taxpayers Billions. The Epoch Times. Retrieved March 4, 2019.
  108. Multiple references:
  109. Multiple references: For the bill's provisions: See also:
  110. Multiple references:
  111. Multiple references: Conservatives strongly opposed the bill due to these massive spending increases along with a lack of policy wins for conservatives: See also:
  112. Multiple references:
  113. Multiple references: Some evangelical Christian leaders publicly criticized President Trump for not vetoing the bill:
  114. Multiple references: See also:
  115. Multiple references: See also:
  116. Multiple references: See also: In President Trump's defense:
  117. Multiple references: See also:
  118. Multiple references: The Treasury Department, however, reported that revenues slightly declined in overall in 2018:
  119. Multiple references:
  120. Multiple references:
  121. Multiple references: On May 8, 2019, the U.S. Senate confirmed President Trump's nominees for the agency, allowing it to fully function: See also:
  122. Multiple references:
  123. Multiple references: See also:
  124. Multiple references:
  125. Starr, Penny (March 4, 2019). National Assoc. of Counties President: Trump Has ‘Opened the Door’ to Local Government More Than Any Other President. Breitbart News. Retrieved March 4, 2019.
  126. Multiple references: See also:
  127. Bedard, Paul (April 19, 2019). White House war on regulations poised to pass goal 'more than 31 times'. Washington Examiner. Retrieved April 19, 2019.
  128. Multiple references:
  129. Butchireddygari, Likhitha (October 7, 2019). Trump’s Federal Hiring Emphasizes Border Control, Veterans, Military. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved October 7, 2019.
  130. Multiple references: See also:
  131. Multiple references: However, the shutdown also made it made it harder for President Trump to advance his deregulatory actions: See also:
  132. Multiple references: See also:
  133. Multiple references: See also:
  134. Multiple references:
  135. Multiple references:
  136. Multiple references: See also:
  137. Multiple references:
  138. Multiple references:
  139. Multiple references: See also:
  140. Multiple references: See also:
  141. Multiple references:
  142. Multiple references: Subsequent actions: See also:
  143. Multiple references: Articles about the orders before President Trump signed them: See also:
  144. Multiple references: See also:
  145. Multiple references:
  146. Multiple references: See also:
  147. Multiple references: See also:
  148. Multiple references:
  149. Multiple references: See also:
  150. Dinan, Stephen (March 18, 2019). Trump's 'lean' federal workforce larger than Obama's despite vows to cut. The Washington Times. Retrieved March 18, 2019.
  151. Ackerman, Andrew; Rubin, Gabriel T. (June 10, 2019). Rewrite of Bank Rules Advances Slowly, Frustrating Republicans. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved June 10, 2019.
    See also: Increases in regulation:
  152. Multiple references: See also: However, Acosta resigned in July 2019 and was succeeded by his more pro-business deputy:
  153. Multiple references: See also:
  154. Multiple references: See also:
  155. Multiple references: Conservative criticism of the bill: Conservative defenses of the bill: See also:
  156. Multiple references: See also:
  157. Multiple references: See also:
  158. Multiple references: The FDA quickly moved to implement the law: See also:
  159. Multiple references: See also:
  160. Multiple references: See also:
  161. Multiple references:
  162. Multiple references:
  163. Executive Order on Preventing Online Censorship
  164. Multiple references: