Personality changes and its effect on income
The Big Five personality traits change due to a person becoming more mature, efforts to change the personality traits or a major life change (See: Neuroplasticity and the ability of individuals to change their personality).
Ben C. Fletcher D.Phil., Oxon writes:
| “ | In their paper Boyce and colleagues went on to put a monetary value on changes in each of the Big Five personality traits. Their results showed that every standard unit increase in personality change was equivalent to an increase of between $92,000 and $314,000 in annual household income (US dollars). To put this another way, people needed an increase of between $91,000 and $309,00 in annual income to achieve the same increase in life satisfaction produced by a unit change in personality.
Change in the different personality traits were associated with different monetary values, with change in neuroticism being worth $314k, extraversion $225k, agreeableness $149k, conscientiousness was worth $91k and openness to experience $62k. If we bear in mind that the average annual household income was around $88,000/year it seems to pay really well to Flex![1] |
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Contents
Big Five personality traits typical potential changes
See also: Cognitive therapy
"A bell curve, also known as a normal distribution, is a symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that represents the distribution of data in statistics. Standard deviations measure the spread or dispersion of data points around the mean (average) of a normal distribution. In a normal distribution, roughly 68% of the data falls within one standard deviation of the mean, 95% within two standard deviations, and 99.7% within three standard deviations."[2]
Big Five personality traits – Typical possible change ranges in a bell curve with normal distribution:
| “ |
Summary Most changeable: Neuroticism ↓, Conscientiousness ↑ Moderately changeable: Extraversion, Agreeableness Least changeable: Openness."[3] |
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Typical big life changes are starting a more challenging job, achieving a big goal, overcoming a big challenge, intentional efforts to significantly stretch one's comfort zone, a romantic relationship, significantly changes to one's social circle (See: Social influence) or a religious conversion.[4]
Potential change in personality traits due to intervention and or life-changing event
- How many standard deviation points is it possible to move one's extroversion?, AI
- How many standard deviation points is it possible to move one's agreeableness?, AI
- How many standard deviation points is it possible to move one's conscientiousness?, AI
- How many standard deviation points is it possible to move one's neuroticism?, AI
- How many standard deviation points is it possible to move one's openness?, AI
Big Five personality traits and how to improve them to raise your income
The Big Five personality traits (the basis for the five factor model) are the five traits psychologists use to describe an individual's personality. While other traits exist, these are thought to define a large part of individuality. Hans Eysenck initiated this concept, but only included two personality traits, extraversion and neuroticism.
Big Five personality traits
- Conscientiousness - Self-control/Self-discipline/willpower, efficiency/productivity, orderliness/organizational skills and dependable. Conscientiousness is positively correlated to a desire to perform a task well. See: Self-efficacy and Skill and Work ethic
- Extraversion - Assertive, energetic, and personable. See: Interpersonal skills and Interpersonal relations and Social intelligence and Conversational skills and Communication skills and Affability and Friendship and Social networking and Conflict resolution
- Agreeableness - Understanding and cooperativeness. See: Empathy and Collaboration
- Neuroticism (See also: Emotional stability) - Anxiety/fear, vulnerability, and sensitivity. See also: Courage and [[Self-confidence] and Mindset and Growth mindset and Optimism and Mental toughness and Psychological resilience and Comfort zone
- Openness - Creativity, imagination, imitativeness, intellectual curiosity and innovation [5][6]
Big Five personality traits and how to improve them in a way to increase income
- Neuroticism - How to reduce neuroticism: Neuroticism, mental health and reducing neuroticism
- Extraversion - How to improve extraversion: How to increase extraversion
- Agreeableness - One can be assertive and still be an agreeable person who believes in having empathy and engaging in collaboration. In addition, one can be agreeable, but still have negotiation skills. Increasing agreeableness: Increasing the personality trait of agreeableness
- Conscientiousness - - How to improve conscientiousness: Developing conscientiousness
- Openness - How to improve openness: Increasing one's openness and Adventurousness
Journal and academic articles
- The Big Five personality traits and earnings: A meta-analysis, Journal of Economic Psychology, Volume 94, January 2023, 102570
- Is Personality Fixed? Personality Changes as Much as ‘‘Variable’’ Economic Factors and More Strongly Predicts Changes to Life Satisfaction by Christopher J Boyce, Alex Mathew Wood and Nattavudh Powdthavee, Social Indicators Research (2013) 111:287–305DOI 10.1007/s11205-012-0006-z
- Uncovering the Power of Personality to Shape Income, Psychol Sci. 2017 Nov 20;29(1):3–13. doi: 10.1177/0956797617724435
- Disentangling the within- and between-person effects of personality on income for men and women, Royal Society Publishing, 2024
- Personality, IQ, and Lifetime Earnings, Miriam Gensowski, University of Copenhagen and IZA. Discussion Paper No. 8235. June 2014
- Income and Mental Well-Being: Personality Traits as Moderators. Journal of Happiness Studies. Published: 23 January 2019. Volume 21, pages 547–571, (2020)
Books
- Be Who You Want: Unlocking the Science of Personality Change by Christian Jarrett. Simon & Schuster. May 17, 2022
- Personality Isn't Permanent: Break Free from Self-Limiting Beliefs and Rewrite Your Story by Benjamin Hardy. Portfolio. June 16, 2020
- Me, But Better: The Science and Promise of Personality Change by Olga Khazan. S&S/Simon Element. March 11, 2025
See also
External links
Big Fiver Personality traits articles:
- Scientists Just Discovered How Your Personality Affects Your Income, Inc. magazine, 2024
- Wealth and Personality: Can Personality Traits Make Your Client Rich?, Financial Planning Association
- Are Successful People More Neurotic?, Forbes, 2022
Myers–Briggs Type Indicator related articles:
- How Your Personality Type Impacts Your Income
- How does your personality type affect your income?, Big Think, 2021
- How your personality influences your income, The Economic Times, 2019
- Can your Personality affect your Income?
Videos:
- Personality, income and career - video playlist, Video playlist
References
- ↑ The Dollar Value of Your Personality: Changing your personality may reap financial rewards, by Ben C. Fletcher D.Phil., Oxon
- ↑ Normal bell curve and standard deviations
- ↑ How many standard deviation points is it possible to move one's agreeableness?
- ↑ What are some big life changes that are positive
- ↑ https://www.verywell.com/the-big-five-personality-dimensions-2795422
- ↑ https://www.mentalhelp.net/articles/big-five-personality-traits
