Difference between revisions of "Gold"

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{{element | name=Gold | symbol=Au | anumber=79 | noe=79 | amass=196.96655 amu}}
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{{Element
−
'''Gold''' is a chemical [[element]]. It is a precious [[metal]] which has been used as [[money]]. Gold is found in nature as nuggets or grains in rocks, underground and in deposits. It is a soft, shiny, yellow metal, and is normally measured in [[Carat|Karats]]. A Karat refers to how much of a substance is gold, with 14 Karat being the most common. Gold is usually mixed with other elements because of how soft and pliable it is.
+
| name= Gold
 +
| image=gold1.jpg
 +
| caption=
 +
| symbol=Au
 +
| class=Group 11, Coinage metals
 +
| amass=196.967
 +
| stableisotopes=197
 +
| unstableisotopes=190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200
 +
| meltingpoint=1,064
 +
| boilingpoint= 2,807
 +
| density=19.3
 +
| hardness=2.5-3.0
 +
| abundance=0.0000005
 +
| oxidation=+1, +3
 +
| date=Early antiquity
 +
| discname=
 +
| origname=
 +
| uses=Coinage, ornamentation, electronics, dentistry
 +
| obtained=Mining
 +
}}
 +
'''Gold''' is a chemical [[element]], and the strongest basis for a [[currency]]. Gold is in group 11, the [[copper]] group; it has 79 protons in its nucleus. It is a precious [[metal]] which has been used as [[currency]]. Gold is found in nature as nuggets or grains in rocks, underground and in deposits. It is soft and shiny, and the only metal that is yellow. Gold does not tarnish or corrode, or easily combine with other substances, and thus is found in nature as pure gold.
  
−
Gold is the basis for a monetary standard used by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Bank for International Settlements (BIS).
+
Gold is significant politically, economically, and culturally.  Gold, because of how scarce it is, prevents [[inflation]] of a [[currency]] based on gold, as when currency can be exchanged for gold.  Politically, for much of [[America]]n history the [[Republican Party]] has favored "hard money" (a gold-only standard for currency) while the [[Democrat Party]] has favored "soft money" which also uses [[silver]] or nothing as a basis for currency.
 +
{{cquote|With the exception only of the period of the gold standard, practically all governments of history have used their exclusive power to issue money to defraud and plunder the people. — [[Friedrich August von Hayek]]<ref>https://goldsilver.com/blog/101-best-gold-quotes-all-time/</ref>}}
  
−
Because gold is highly conductive and very resistant to [[oxidation]], it is vital in electronics. Gold plating is used on switch contacts, printed circuit boards, and device leads. There is enough gold in electronic devices to make it worthwhile to process discarded devices in order to reclaim the gold in them.
+
== Purity ==
 +
The purity of gold in a compound is measured in [[Carat|Karats]], with 24 karats being pure gold. 18-karat gold is three-quarters gold, one-quarter other [[elements]], and so forth. Gold is usually in alloys because it is soft and pliable.
  
−
Gold was one of the three [[Gifts of the Magi]], along with [[frankincense]] and [[myrrh]].<ref>Matthew 2:11 [http://www.blueletterbible.org/kjv/Mat/Mat002.html#11]</ref>
+
== Value ==
 +
Due to its characteristics of being both resistant to oxidation and rare on [[Earth]], gold is seen as very valuable. Gold is the basis for a monetary standard used by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Bank for International Settlements (BIS). As of 2019 gold was in excess of $1,500 per [[ounce]];<ref>{{cite web|url=https://goldprice.org/gold-price.html|title=Gold Price per Ounce|accessdate=2019-08-25|publisher=goldprice.org}}</ref> by April 22, 2025, it was selling for $3,400 per ounce.
  
−
Gold is also used in [[jewelry]].  However, the [[New Testament]] instructs [[Christian]] [[women]] not to wear gold or [[pearl]]s.<ref>I Timothy 2:9 [http://www.blueletterbible.org/kjv/1Ti/1Ti002.html#9]</ref> Other uses of gold include aerospace, awards, bullion, coinage, computers, currency backing, dentistry, electronics, glassmaking, gold gilding and gold leaf and medical. <ref>[http://geology.com/minerals/gold/uses-of-gold.shtml The Many Uses of Gold], Geology.com, accessed December 11, 2008</ref>
+
== Uses==
 +
Because gold is highly conductive and very resistant to [[oxidation]], it is vital in electronics. Gold plating is used on switch contacts, printed circuit boards, and device leads. There is enough gold in electronic devices to make it worthwhile to process discarded devices to reclaim the gold in them.
  
−
==References==
+
==World Production (2018)==
−
<references/>
+
[[File:Gold 2026.PNG|300px|thumb|right|]]
 +
Gold production by country in 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gold.org/goldhub/data/historical-mine-production|title=Gold mine production by country|accessdate=2019-08-25|publisher=gold.org|date=2019-04-04}}</ref>
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
! Rank
 +
! Country
 +
! Production (kg)
 +
! Production (%)
 +
|-
 +
|1||[[China]]||align="right"|404.1||align="right"|12.17
 +
|-
 +
|2||[[Australia]]||align="right"|314.9||align="right"|9.48
 +
|-
 +
|3||[[Russian Federation]]||align="right"|297.3||align="right"|8.95
 +
|-
 +
|4||[[United States]]||align="right"|221.7||align="right"|6.67
 +
|-
 +
|5||[[Canada]]||align="right"|189||align="right"|5.69
 +
|-
 +
|6||[[Peru]]||align="right"|158.4||align="right"|4.77
 +
|-
 +
|7||[[Indonesia]]||align="right"|136.9||align="right"|4.12
 +
|-
 +
|8||[[Ghana]]||align="right"|130.5||align="right"|3.93
 +
|-
 +
|9||[[South Africa]]||align="right"|129.8||align="right"|3.91
 +
|-
 +
|10||[[Mexico]]||align="right"|115.4||align="right"|3.47
 +
|-
 +
|11||[[Brazil]]||align="right"|97.1||align="right"|2.92
 +
|-
 +
|12||[[Uzbekistan]]||align="right"|92.5||align="right"|2.78
 +
|-
 +
|13||[[Sudan]]||align="right"|76.6||align="right"|2.31
 +
|-
 +
|14||[[Papua New Guinea]]||align="right"|69.1||align="right"|2.08
 +
|-
 +
|15||[[Kazakhstan]]||align="right"|68.4||align="right"|2.06
 +
|-
 +
|16||[[Mali]]||align="right"|61.2||align="right"|1.84
 +
|-
 +
|17||[[Argentina]]||align="right"|60||align="right"|1.81
 +
|-
 +
|18||[[Burkina Faso]]||align="right"|59.3||align="right"|1.79
 +
|-
 +
|19||[[Tanzania]]||align="right"|47.7||align="right"|1.44
 +
|-
 +
|20||[[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Dem. Rep. of the Congo]]||align="right"|44.9||align="right"|1.35
 +
|-
 +
|21||[[Colombia]]||align="right"|43||align="right"|1.29
 +
|-
 +
|22||[[Zimbabwe]]||align="right"|42.2||align="right"|1.27
 +
|-
 +
|23||[[Côte d'Ivoire]]||align="right"|40.9||align="right"|1.23
 +
|-
 +
|24||[[Philippines]]||align="right"|36.8||align="right"|1.11
 +
|-
 +
|25||[[Chile]]||align="right"|36.5||align="right"|1.10
 +
|-
 +
|26||[[Suriname]]||align="right"|34.3||align="right"|1.03
 +
|-
 +
|27||[[Dominican Republic]]||align="right"|31.6||align="right"|0.95
 +
|-
 +
|28||[[Guinea]]||align="right"|27.3||align="right"|0.82
 +
|-
 +
|29||[[Guyana]]||align="right"|25.6||align="right"|0.77
 +
|-
 +
|30||[[Turkey]]||align="right"|24.9||align="right"|0.75
 +
|-
 +
|31||[[Bolivia]]||align="right"|24.1||align="right"|0.73
 +
|-
 +
|32||[[Venezuela]]||align="right"|23||align="right"|0.69
 +
|-
 +
|33||[[Mongolia]]||align="right"|22.6||align="right"|0.68
 +
|-
 +
|34||[[Kyrgyzstan]]||align="right"|22.1||align="right"|0.67
 +
|-
 +
|35||[[Senegal]]||align="right"|17.5||align="right"|0.53
 +
|-
 +
|36||[[Egypt]]||align="right"|14.7||align="right"|0.44
 +
|-
 +
|37||[[Nigeria]]||align="right"|14||align="right"|0.42
 +
|-
 +
|38||[[Ecuador]]||align="right"|11.5||align="right"|0.35
 +
|-
 +
|39||[[Iran]]||align="right"|11||align="right"|0.33
 +
|-
 +
|40||[[Ethiopia]]||align="right"|11||align="right"|0.33
 +
|-
 +
|41||[[New Zealand]]||align="right"|9.3||align="right"|0.28
 +
|-
 +
|42||[[Finland]]||align="right"|8.3||align="right"|0.25
 +
|-
 +
|43||[[Sweden]]||align="right"|7.9||align="right"|0.24
 +
|-
 +
|44||[[Bulgaria]]||align="right"|6.8||align="right"|0.20
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
Gold was one of the three [[Gifts of the Magi]], along with [[frankincense]] and [[myrrh]].<ref>[http://www.blueletterbible.org/kjv/Mat/Mat002.html#11 Matthew 2:11]</ref>
 +
 
 +
Gold is also used in [[jewelry]].  However, the [[New Testament]] instructs [[Christian]] [[women]] not to wear gold or [[pearl]]s.<ref>[http://www.blueletterbible.org/kjv/1Ti/1Ti002.html#9 I Timothy 2:9]</ref> Other uses of gold include aerospace, awards, [[bullion]], coinage, computers, [[Gold standard|currency backing]], dentistry, electronics, glassmaking, gold gilding and gold leaf and medical.<ref>[http://geology.com/minerals/gold/uses-of-gold.shtml The Many Uses of Gold], Geology.com, accessed December 11, 2008</ref>
 +
 
 +
== Gold reserves by country ==
 +
<br />
 +
[https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/gold-reserves-by-country/ Gold reserves by country]
 +
{{Clear}}
 +
 
 +
==See also==
 +
* [[Fiat currency]]
 +
* [[Inflation hedge]]
 +
* [[Gold standard]]
 +
* [[Silver]]
 +
* [[Precious metal]]
 +
 
 +
{{Periodic table}}
 
[[Category:Elements]]
 
[[Category:Elements]]
 
[[Category:Metals]]
 
[[Category:Metals]]
 +
 +
==References==
 +
{{reflist|2}}
 +
 +
{{Economic preparedness topics}}
 +
 +
[[Category:Economic Preparedness]]
 +
[[Category:Investments]]
 +
[[Category:Individual Retirement Accounts]]
 +
[[Category:Precious Metals]]
 +
[[Category:Electrical Engineering]]
 +
[[Category:Electronics]]
 +
[[Category:Investments in Tangibles]]
 +
[[Category:Investments]]
 +
[[Category:Retirement]]
 +
[[Category:Survivalism]]
 +
[[Category:Alternative Systems of Support]]

Latest revision as of 06:03, January 15, 2026

Gold
Gold1.jpg
Properties
Atomic symbol Au
Atomic number
Classification Group 11, Coinage metals
Atomic mass 196.967
Number of Stable Isotopes 197
Number of Unstable Isotopes 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200
Melting point (°C) 1,064
Boiling point (°C) 2,807
Density (grams per cc) 19.3
Hardness (Moh's scale) 2.5-3.0
Abundance in lithosphere (%) 0.0000005
Oxidation states +1, +3
Other Information
Date of discovery Early antiquity
Uses Coinage, ornamentation, electronics, dentistry
Obtained from Mining

Gold is a chemical element, and the strongest basis for a currency. Gold is in group 11, the copper group; it has 79 protons in its nucleus. It is a precious metal which has been used as currency. Gold is found in nature as nuggets or grains in rocks, underground and in deposits. It is soft and shiny, and the only metal that is yellow. Gold does not tarnish or corrode, or easily combine with other substances, and thus is found in nature as pure gold.

Gold is significant politically, economically, and culturally. Gold, because of how scarce it is, prevents inflation of a currency based on gold, as when currency can be exchanged for gold. Politically, for much of American history the Republican Party has favored "hard money" (a gold-only standard for currency) while the Democrat Party has favored "soft money" which also uses silver or nothing as a basis for currency.

“ With the exception only of the period of the gold standard, practically all governments of history have used their exclusive power to issue money to defraud and plunder the people. — Friedrich August von Hayek[1] ”

Purity

The purity of gold in a compound is measured in Karats, with 24 karats being pure gold. 18-karat gold is three-quarters gold, one-quarter other elements, and so forth. Gold is usually in alloys because it is soft and pliable.

Value

Due to its characteristics of being both resistant to oxidation and rare on Earth, gold is seen as very valuable. Gold is the basis for a monetary standard used by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Bank for International Settlements (BIS). As of 2019 gold was in excess of $1,500 per ounce;[2] by April 22, 2025, it was selling for $3,400 per ounce.

Uses

Because gold is highly conductive and very resistant to oxidation, it is vital in electronics. Gold plating is used on switch contacts, printed circuit boards, and device leads. There is enough gold in electronic devices to make it worthwhile to process discarded devices to reclaim the gold in them.

World Production (2018)

Gold 2026.PNG

Gold production by country in 2018.[3]

Rank Country Production (kg) Production (%)
1 China 404.1 12.17
2 Australia 314.9 9.48
3 Russian Federation 297.3 8.95
4 United States 221.7 6.67
5 Canada 189 5.69
6 Peru 158.4 4.77
7 Indonesia 136.9 4.12
8 Ghana 130.5 3.93
9 South Africa 129.8 3.91
10 Mexico 115.4 3.47
11 Brazil 97.1 2.92
12 Uzbekistan 92.5 2.78
13 Sudan 76.6 2.31
14 Papua New Guinea 69.1 2.08
15 Kazakhstan 68.4 2.06
16 Mali 61.2 1.84
17 Argentina 60 1.81
18 Burkina Faso 59.3 1.79
19 Tanzania 47.7 1.44
20 Dem. Rep. of the Congo 44.9 1.35
21 Colombia 43 1.29
22 Zimbabwe 42.2 1.27
23 Côte d'Ivoire 40.9 1.23
24 Philippines 36.8 1.11
25 Chile 36.5 1.10
26 Suriname 34.3 1.03
27 Dominican Republic 31.6 0.95
28 Guinea 27.3 0.82
29 Guyana 25.6 0.77
30 Turkey 24.9 0.75
31 Bolivia 24.1 0.73
32 Venezuela 23 0.69
33 Mongolia 22.6 0.68
34 Kyrgyzstan 22.1 0.67
35 Senegal 17.5 0.53
36 Egypt 14.7 0.44
37 Nigeria 14 0.42
38 Ecuador 11.5 0.35
39 Iran 11 0.33
40 Ethiopia 11 0.33
41 New Zealand 9.3 0.28
42 Finland 8.3 0.25
43 Sweden 7.9 0.24
44 Bulgaria 6.8 0.20

Gold was one of the three Gifts of the Magi, along with frankincense and myrrh.[4]

Gold is also used in jewelry. However, the New Testament instructs Christian women not to wear gold or pearls.[5] Other uses of gold include aerospace, awards, bullion, coinage, computers, currency backing, dentistry, electronics, glassmaking, gold gilding and gold leaf and medical.[6]

Gold reserves by country


Gold reserves by country

See also

References

  1. ↑ https://goldsilver.com/blog/101-best-gold-quotes-all-time/
  2. ↑ Gold Price per Ounce. goldprice.org. Retrieved on 2019-08-25.
  3. ↑ Gold mine production by country. gold.org (2019-04-04). Retrieved on 2019-08-25.
  4. ↑ Matthew 2:11
  5. ↑ I Timothy 2:9
  6. ↑ The Many Uses of Gold, Geology.com, accessed December 11, 2008


Periodic Table of the Elements
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1
H
1.008
2
He
4.003
3
Li
6.939
4
Be
9.0122
5
B
10.811
6
C
12.011
7
N
14.007
8
O
15.999
9
F
18.998
10
Ne
10.183
11
Na
22.99
12
Mg
24.312
13
Al
26.982
14
Si
28.086
15
P
30.974
16
S
32.064
17
Cl
35.453
18
Ar
39.948
19
K
39.102
20
Ca
40.08
21
Sc
44.956
22
Ti
47.9
23
V
50.942
24
Cr
51.996
25
Mn
54.938
26
Fe
55.847
27
Co
58.933
28
Ni
58.71
29
Cu
63.546
30
Zn
65.37
31
Ga
69.72
32
Ge
72.59
33
As
74.922
34
Se
78.96
35
Br
79.904
36
Kr
83.8
37
Rb
85.47
38
Sr
87.62
39
Y
88.905
40
Zr
91.22
41
Nb
92.906
42
Mo
95.94
43
Tc
[97]
44
Ru
101.07
45
Rh
102.91
46
Pd
106.4
47
Ag
107.87
48
Cd
112.4
49
In
114.82
50
Sn
118.69
51
Sb
121.75
52
Te
127.6
53
I
126.9
54
Xe
131.3
55
Cs
132.91
56
Ba
137.34
57*
La
138.91
72
Hf
178.49
73
Ta
180.95
74
W
183.85
75
Re
186.2
76
Os
190.2
77
Ir
192.2
78
Pt
195.09
79
Au
196.97
80
Hg
200.59
81
Tl
204.37
82
Pb
207.19
83
Bi
208.98
84
Po
210
85
At
210
86
Rn
222
87
Fr
215
88
Ra
226.03
89**
Ac
227.03
104
Rf
[261]
105
Db
[262]
106
Sg
[266]
107
Bh
[264]
108
Hs
[265]
109
Mt
[268]
110
Dt
[271]
111
Rg
[272]
112
Cn
[277]
113
Nh
[284]
114
Fv
[289]
115
Mc
[288]
116
Lv
[292]
117
Ts
[293]
118
Og
[294]
 
*Lanthanides
58
Ce
140.12
59
Pr
140.91
60
Nd
144.24
61
Pm
145
62
Sm
150.35
63
Eu
151.96
64
Gd
157.25
65
Tb
158.92
66
Dy
162.5
67
Ho
164.93
68
Er
167.26
69
Tm
168.93
70
Yb
173.04
71
Lu
174.97
 
**Actinides
90
Th
232.04
91
Pa
231
92
U
238.03
93
Np
237.05
94
Pu
239.05
95
Am
241.06
96
Cm
244.06
97
Bk
249.08
98
Cf
252.08
99
Es
252.08
100
Fm
257.1
101
Md
258.1
102
No
259.1
103
Lr
262.11
 
v • d • e
Economic Preparedness
Economic preparednessGold1.jpg
Economic collapse
Economic history
Categories
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