Changes

'''Title IX''' is a section of the Higher Education Amendments Act of 1972 which mandates that no one "be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance" on account of sex.<ref>http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/20/1681</ref>  20 U.S.C. § 1681(a).  Title IX became law in 1972.  This requirement applies to all aspects of an educational institution even if only one department within the institution receives federal aid.

'''Title IX''' is a section of the Higher Education Amendments Act of 1972 which mandates that no one "be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance" on account of sex.<ref>http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/20/1681</ref>  20 U.S.C. § 1681(a).  Title IX became law in 1972.  This requirement applies to all aspects of an educational institution even if only one department within the institution receives federal aid.

==Applicability==

==Applicability==

Title IX applies to institutions receiving direct federal aid.  In ''Grove City College v. Bell'', 465 U.S. 555 (1984), the Supreme Court ruled that Title IX did not apply to schools that did not receive federal aid, even though the school's students received individual federal financial assistance.  If any one department receives federal aid, the entire institution is subject to Title IX.  Title IX does not apply to private, single-gender institutions, but it applies to all state institutions even if the school serves only one-gender. It applies to educational institutions of all grade levels from kindergarten to universities.

Title IX applies to institutions receiving direct federal aid.  In ''Grove City College v. Bell'', 465 U.S. 555 (1984), the Supreme Court ruled that Title IX did not apply to schools that did not receive federal aid, even though the school's students received individual federal financial assistance.  If any one department receives [[federal funding|federal aid]], the entire institution is subject to Title IX.  Title IX does not apply to private, single-gender institutions, but it applies to all state institutions even if the school serves only one-gender. It applies to educational institutions of all grade levels from kindergarten to universities.

Title IX does not apply to military academies,<ref>20 USC § 1681(a)(3).</ref> social fraternities and sororities,<ref>20 USC § 1681(a)(6).</ref> or Boy or Girl conferences (such as [[Boys State]]).<ref>20 USC § 1681(a)(7).</ref> Title IX allows for gender-separated living facilities.<ref>20 USC § 1686.</ref> Title IX does not apply to religious-controlled institutions to the extent that the discrimination is based on the institution's religious practices.

Title IX does not apply to military academies,<ref>20 USC § 1681(a)(3).</ref> social fraternities and sororities,<ref>20 USC § 1681(a)(6).</ref> or Boy or Girl conferences (such as [[Boys State]]).<ref>20 USC § 1681(a)(7).</ref> Title IX allows for gender-separated living facilities.<ref>20 USC § 1686.</ref> Title IX does not apply to religious-controlled institutions to the extent that the discrimination is based on the institution's religious practices.