User:Conservative/Learning & Thinking
- Beautiful Minds Newsletter, Substack by a cognitive scientist on human potential
Contents
- 1 Reading comprehension
- 2 Accelerated learning
- 3 Memory improvement
- 4 Increasing concentration
- 5 Creative thinking tools to promote critical thinking
- 6 Learning faster and remembering more
- 7 Problem solving
- 8 Analytical thinking vs. critical thinking
- 9 Strategic thinking
- 10 Increasing reading speed
- 11 Reading comprehension improvement
- 12 Logical fallacies and cognitive biases
- 13 What is intelligence
- 14 The myth of the myth of IQ
- 15 IQ score estimation guide
- 16 Signs/traits of intelligence
- 17 Habits of intelligent people
- 18 Research suggesting that people might be able to increase their IQ
- 18.1 Research which suggests that increasing creative problem solving can boost a person's intelligence (IQ score)
- 18.2 Improving intelligence/IQ via physical fitness
- 18.3 Improving IQ scores via practicing on intelligence tests does not make you more intelligent in many cases
- 18.4 Problems that can occur with someone with a very high IQ in terms of social ability
- 19 The argument that mnemonics and increased vocabulary can make you smarter
- 20 Importance of IQ
- 21 Mensa IQ tests
- 22 Thou shall think clearly and creatively. Thou shall not commit logical fallacies.
- 22.1 Favorite book on critical thinking
- 22.2 Favorite website dealing with thinking, critical thinking and logical fallacies
- 22.3 Logical fallacies and cognitive biases
- 22.4 Creativity
- 22.5 Cognitive distortions/biases
- 22.6 Ex-CIA spy on cognitive biases, propaganda in media and CIA spy manipulation
- 22.7 CIA training
- 22.8 Detecting propaganda
- 23 Bloom's taxology: 6 levels of thinking
- 24 Thinking more rationally
- 24.1 Difference between smart and brilliant/wise people
- 24.2 The difference between low to high IQ thinking vs. very high IQ thinking
- 24.3 Critical Thinking skills
- 24.4 Aristotle's four causes
- 24.5 Critical thinking grid
- 24.6 The grid method of approaching a problem
- 24.7 The Good, The Bad and the Better Question?
- 24.8 Mental models
- 25 Learning and development
- 26 Intelligence and memory
- 27 IQ and personality/ideology/etc.
- 28 IQ and general success in life
- 29 High IQ societies
- 30 Software/apps boosting cognitive fitness
- 31 Brain health and mental performance
- 32 Mensa membership
- 33 Cognitive software, sleep, divergent thinking/creativity, etc.
- 34 Aristotle's rhetoric
- 35 Chess and increasing intelligence
- 36 One of my favorite videos related to personal/team achievement improvement
- 37 Miscellaneous other user pages at Conservapedia
- 38 Why some people are cognitively inflexible. Why some people find it hard to admit error
- 39 Deliberate ignorance
- 40 Midwits and Dunning-Kruger effect
- 41 Below 100 IQ signs and/or signs of irrational/illogical/delusional/unreasonable/foolish people
- 42 Dealing with irrational and crazy people or people who are currently acting that way
- 43 Irrationality and abnormal behavior relative to personality disorders
- 44 Toxic/negative people
- 45 References
Reading comprehension
Accelerated learning
See also: Accelerated learning
Accelerated learning videos
- Accelerated learning - playlist 2 (another person created this, some duplicate)
Accelerated learning and foreign languages
Accelerated learning and coding
Accelerated learning course
Jim Kwik - memory coach and accelerated learning
Reviews of the book Limitless:
- Limitless by Jim Kwik: Upgrade Your Brain, Learn Anything Faster, And Unlock Your Exceptional Life
- Book Review: Limitless by Jim Kwik
- Book Review | Limitless - Jim Kwik
Learning faster and retaining more (includes Kindle books)
Memory improvement
See also: Mnemonic
Resources:
Memorize Academy
- Memorize Academy, Website
- Memorize academy, YouTube channel
Mnemonics and working memory
See: User: Conservative/Mnemonics and working memory
Memory/mnemonics courses/training
- Brain athelete website, Memory expert Ron Wood's website
Increasing concentration
See also: Concentration (psychology)
- Increasing concentration - 11 exercises
- Increasing concentration
- Increase your attention span - Psychology Today
- Managing concentration
- 3 ways to increase your attention span - Wikihow
- 12 ways to improve concentration - Psychology Today
- The software Neuroracer increases attention span
- Improving attention span - LifeHacker
- 4 proven tricks to improve concentration - Huffington Post
Creative thinking tools to promote critical thinking
See also: Critical thinking
Learning faster and remembering more
Problem solving
See also: Problem solving and Creative problem solving
Ray Dalios 5 steps to success (problem solving included):
Articles:
- Problem solving skills
- Non-linear problem solving
- Systems thinking
- Overview of systems thinking
- Problem Solving With Six Sigma Root Cause Analysis
- Systems Thinking and Systems Tools
- Enhancing the Six Sigma problem-solving methodology using the systems thinking methodologies
- Systems and complexity thinking
- From “solution” to “contextualized solution systems”
- Systems thinking applied to business
- TRIZ
- Lateral thinking
Systems thinking:
George Polya's 4 steps to problem solving:
- How to solve it - overview by George Polya
VUCA:
Problem solving Videos
General problem solving:
- Problem Solving Ideas That Work
- How to become a better problem solver
- Problem Solving Using the Why Tree By Creative Safety Supply
Mind mapping:
- Mind mapping
- Freemind documentation
- Mindmeister
- Mindmeister - Chrome store - Works with Google drive
- Mind mapping - Tony Buzan
- How to make a mind map - version 1
- How to make a mind map - version 2
- How to make a mind map the basics
- FreeMind - Free mind mapping software
- Mind mapping by Tony Buzan
- FreeMind tutorial
Lateral thinking:
- Dr. Edward de Bono discusses Lateral Thinking
- Lateral thinking
- Linear vs. Lateral Thinking - Team 49 Lateral thinking
Creative problem solving:
Vuca:
Forecasting:
- Forecasting
- Effective forecasting - questioning your assumptions
- Gerald Celente on trend forecasting
Multiple strategies
Creativity / Innovation
See also: Creativity and Creative problem solving and Innovation
- Creativity - playlist
- What is creativity - Brian Tracy
- Guide to creative thinking by Brian Tracy
- Unlocking creativity by Brian Tracy
- Creativity - Buffalo State College lectures (International Center for Studies in Creativity) - Playlist 1
- Buffalo State College- (International Center for Studies in Creativity) - Playlist 2
- Buffalo State College- (International Center for Studies in Creativity) - Playlist 3
- SUNY Buffalo State Selects SparcIt’s Automated Creativity Assessment Tool for its Upcoming MOOC on Creativity
- Ignite your creativity
- Creative thinking skills - slides
- What kind of creative thinker are you? - a test
- Creative thinking - Tony Yoo slides
- Bono - 6 thinking hats
- Lateral thinking - Bono
International Center for Studies in Creativity:
- International Center for Studies in Creativity - videos
- International Center for Studies in Creativity - History
- Creativity 101
- Disecting creativity
- Alumni videos
- Founder talks
Now here:
CNN - Next, innovation:
Innovation articles:
Ray Dalio: Be radically open-minded:
See also: Openness
- Ray Dalio: Open-Mindedness And The Power of Not Knowing
- Principles for Success “Be Radically Open-Minded”
Books on creativity:
Analytical thinking vs. critical thinking
See also: Analytical thinking and Critical thinking and Creative problem solving and Rational thinking and Intellectual curiosity and Questioning skills
Analytical thinking and critical thinking are both crucial for problem solving, but they differ in their respective approaches. Analytical thinking focuses on breaking down complex information into smaller and more manageable parts to better understand the underlying principles and relationships (See also: Cause and effect and systems thinking). Critical thinking, on the other hand, involves evaluating information, forming better judgments, and questioning assumptions to arrive at well-reasoned and rational conclusions.[1]
Strategic thinking
See also: Strategic planning skills and Planning
Personal strategic plan
General:
- Personal strategic plan - slideshare overview
Creating a personal strategic plan:
Personal balance assessment:
Personal strategic plan: workbooks, checklists, etc.:
Strategic and tactical thinking
See also: List of military strategies and concepts
- Sun Tzu
- Lao Tzu - Tao Te Ching
- Carl von Clausewitz - Western art of warfare
- Antoine-Henri Jomini - Western art of warfare
- List of military strategies and concepts
- Principles of war
- Principles of warfare
- How to respond to opposition's tactics
- A History of Strategy: From Sun Tzu to William S. Lind
- Strategic thinking quotes
- Strategic thinking playlist
- Strategy and tactics
- The 33 Strategies of War
- 33 war strategies
- 4rth generation warfare
- War strategies and tactics - playlist
- 10 battlefield tactics
- Defense in depth
- Maneuver warfare
- Indirect approach
- The Indirect Approach by B. H. Liddell Hart
- List of military strategies and concepts
- List of military tactics
- Logistics
Sun Tzu:
- Sun Tzu quotes
- Sun Tzu quotes
- Offensive Strategy - Sun Tzu's Art of War #3 - Revisited
- The best lessons from 'Art of War
- The Art of War by Sun Tzu (Complete Audiobook, Unabridged)
- Art of War, Sun Tzu - audiobook
- Art of War - video
- Art of War
- 6 principles of Sun Tzu
- Favorite Sun Tzu quotes
- Choosing tasks/goals based on ultimate objectives
George Washington:
"Washington’s true genius as a military leader was his refusal to give up. He was also very much inclined as a leader to listen to the other military leaders around him. Invariably, he adopted the consensus of opinion reached by his military advisers in making his decisions. Unlike flashier generals, Washington was always able to maintain a steady demeanor and, most importantly, keep his army in being. A lesser general would have risked all for a spectacular but non-decisive victory against the British. As a leader who valued winning the war more than winning individual battles, Washington knew well that time was on his side given the realities of geography and the larger geopolitical situation." - Command and Control, Great Military Leaders from Washington to the 21st Century by Mark R. Polelle
"Discipline is the soul of an army. It makes small numbers formidable; procures success to the weak, and esteem to all." - George Washington
Sun Tzu and marketing:
- Sun Tzu principles applied to marketing
- Sun Tzu and digital marketing
- Sun Tzu and digital marketing - part 2
Sun Tzu and business:
Communication, marketing and PR
Increasing reading speed
Speed of reading test
How to improve your reading speed without a loss of comprehension
Reading comprehension improvement
See also: Reading comprehension
Reading comprehension strategies
- 6 strategies for greater reading comprehension by Jeffrey D Wilhelm
Visualization:
Strategic reading:
General books/DVDs:
- Strategic Reading: Guiding Students to Lifelong Literacy by Tanya Baker, Julie Dube Hackett, Jeffrey D Wilhelm
Reading comprehension assessment and strategies
Metacognition strategies
- Instruction of Metacognitive Strategies Enhances Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary Achievement - Foreign languages, etc.
Logical fallacies and cognitive biases
See also: Logical fallacies and Logic
What is intelligence
See also: Intelligence
What is IQ or intelligence?
When we use the term intelligence, we usually refer to academic or cognitive intelligence. Cognitive ability is defined as the mental capacity to do the following:
- Storing and retrieving information
- Problem solving
- Reading
- Abstract thinking
- Reasoning/Rational thinking
- Complex idea thinking
- Planning
- Learning from experience (See also: Lifelong learning). [1]
The myth of the myth of IQ
IQ score estimation guide
Tests:
Above 110 IQ score estimator
- 110 = Smartest person in your close friend circle.
- 124 = Smartest person in your extended family.
- 140 = Smartest person in your entire social circle of friends and acquaintances.
- 180 = Smartest person at your college or university.
College entrance exams correlation with IQ (SAT, ACT, Etc.)
- IQ scores and correlation with ACT/SAT/GRE scores 93-95%, 121-126 (+5 due to AVE potential), ability to boost IQ via learning about creativity and problem solving is 15 points in adolescents, but about 2-5 IQ points in older population. So 5-10 post-training and AVE potentially. "Correlation Coefficient (r): A correlation of 0.5 indicates a moderate positive relationship between SAT scores and IQ. This means that while there is a relationship, it is not perfect, and there is still considerable variability"[2] (SAT and IQ correlation depends on year)
- ACT scores and correlation with IQ scores, .4 to .7 correlation.
- ACT scores and correlation with IQ, Google AI
- ACT score and IQ, ChatGPT
- ACT score of 26 and IQ score', ChatGPT: "When researchers try to convert ACT scores to IQ estimates (which is always approximate because they measure different things), a 26 often corresponds to an IQ in the ~115–120 range on a standard IQ scale (mean 100, SD 15)." That is a range of "average college graduate level" to "superior".[3] With AVE and creative problem solving training that could potentially add another 10 points so between 121 and 131 IQ. That is between an average college student IQ score and being in the top 2% of IQ scores (Top 2% of IQ scores is needed to become a Mensa member).
Also, How much can a person increase their IQ?, ChatGPT: "You can slow or reverse age-related decline, and sometimes improve test scores by 5–10 points with consistent mental and physical training.
Chess scores and IQ
See also: Chess
- Relationship between Chess rating and I.Q? - Potential IQ score with ELO score of 2200 is 154 (Top 99.8 of IQ scores)
- ELO 2200 chess score and IQ range, GROK: "Research suggests that high-level chess players (like those with 2200+ Elo) tend to have above-average IQs, often in the range of 115–135. This is because chess demands strong memory, problem-solving, and visuospatial skills, which correlate with certain cognitive abilities measured by IQ tests."
- ELO chess score of 2200 and a person's IQ range, : "Many studies suggest that strong chess players at 2200 Elo often have IQs roughly in the 120–140 range."
"So a 2200 Elo player is often in the IQ range of about 125–135 (top ~5–10% of the population), but this is not a rule — there are players with lower IQs who achieve 2200 through training, and high-IQ individuals who never break 1600." Range: That is a IQ level of "Ph.D. & M.D. ave." to being in the top 1% of IQ scores.[4] If you add in AVE and creative problem solving training, then the IQ level could be between the range of 135-145. That is among the top 1% to being in the top .5 percent.[5]
Also, How much can a person increase their IQ?, ChatGPT: "You can slow or reverse age-related decline, and sometimes improve test scores by 5–10 points with consistent mental and physical training.
Chess and cognitive ability: Journal article
- The relationship between cognitive ability and chess skill: A comprehensive meta-analysis, Intelligence, Volume 59, November–December 2016, Pages 72-83
- Who was the greatest chess player in history?, ChatGPT
Estimated IQ of someone with a chess ELO score of 2200 and a ACT score of 26. Combined with AVE and creative problem solving training
- What is the IQ of someone with chess ELO score of 2200 and a ACT score of 26: "A reasonable estimate: 120–130 IQ range."
- What is the IQ range of someone with a chess ELO score of 2200 and a ACT score of 26: "The chess Elo of 2200 suggests an IQ likely in the 120–130 range, while the ACT score of 26 suggests 115–125. The intersection of these ranges is roughly 120–125, which aligns with the 90th–95th percentile of the population."
Ability to boost IQ via learning about creativity and problem solving is 15 points in adolescents, but about 2-5 IQ points in older population.
AVE add 5 points.
What is a genius level of IQ
- What is a genius level of IQ? - "Defining "genius level IQ" is a nuanced matter, as there isn't a single, universally agreed-upon standard. Traditionally, an IQ score of 140 and above has been considered within the genius range. Some sources like Verywell Mind indicate that in earlier IQ classifications, scores above 140 were termed "near genius or genius," although this specific terminology is less common in modern contexts, according to Verywell Mind. Modern interpretations might categorize these scores as "gifted," "exceptionally gifted," or "profoundly gifted," depending on the specific test used and the classification system applied."
- What Is a Genius IQ Score?, VeryWellMind.com
Signs/traits of intelligence
- 10 Signs of Intelligent People, According to Psychology (Excellent article)
Videos:
Vocabulary and intelligence
- Vocabulary and general intelligence, Researchgate.com
- The Undeniable Link Between Vocabulary & IQ, Vocabulary Zone website
Free IQ test
IQ and reaction times
"Individuals with high IQs show faster responses on simple reaction time tasks (Deary, 2000; Deary et al., 2010). Processing speed can be regarded as a global construct that influences a variety of motor, perceptual, and cognitive tasks (Kail, 2000, Fry & Hale, 2000)." - Information processing speed as a predictor of IQ in children with and without specific language impairment in grades 3 and 8.
Intelligence Capital Index
The ICI was developed to measure which nations are most likely to foster the big ideas of tomorrow. It looks at factors such as education, creativity, various cognitive skills (GMAT, PISA, PIAAC, TIMSS, emotional intelligence, social intelligence, cultural intelligence, social networks, etc.), and the ability to attract top talent around the world via immigration.
Habits of intelligent people
- 10 Habits of Highly Intelligent People
- 15 things smart people always do (but never talk about)
- Habit
Research suggesting that people might be able to increase their IQ
AI:
- Can iq be improved?, Google AI
- How much can a person increase their IQ?, ChatGPT: "You can slow or reverse age-related decline, and sometimes improve test scores by 5–10 points with consistent mental and physical training. Most of the gain comes from sharpening speed, working memory, and executive function."
- How do you increase your brain's working memory?, ChatGPT. How much can you increase your working memory?, ChatGPT
Articles:
- 8 Ways to Increase Your IQ Levels, Healthline.com
- Improving fluid intelligence of children through working memory training: The role of inhibition control, Frontiers in Psychology, 2022
- Association of Physical Fitness with Intelligence and Academic Achievement in Adolescents, "Overall, cardiorespiratory fitness was positively associated with intelligence and academic achievement."
- Your Clever Friends, Intelligent Spouse Can Help Boost Your IQ, Tech Times, 2016
Reading:
Videos:
- Increasing IQ videos - video playlist, Video playlist
Inhibition control:
- The Effects of Combined Physical and Cognitive Training on Inhibitory Control: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Small effect
Increasing executive function of the brain:
- Executive Function, Cleveland Clinic
Research which suggests that increasing creative problem solving can boost a person's intelligence (IQ score)
See also: Creativity
- We Can Boost IQ: Revisiting Kvashchev’s Experiment, Journal of Intelligence. 2020 Dec; 8(4): 41. Published online 2020 Nov 26. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence8040041
Abstract for the 2020 journal article We Can Boost IQ: Revisiting Kvashchev’s Experiment published in the Journal of Intelligence:
| “ | This paper examined the effects of training in creative problem-solving on intelligence. We revisited Stankov’s report on the outcomes of an experiment carried out by R. Kvashchev in former Yugoslavia that reported an IQ increase of seven points, on average, across 28 tests of intelligence. We argue that previous analyses were based on a conservative analytic approach and failed to take into account the reductions in the IQ test variances at the end of the three-years’ training. When standard deviations of the initial test and 2nd retest were pooled in the calculation of the effect sizes, the experimental group’s performance was 10 IQ points higher on average than that of the control group. Further, with the properly defined measures of fluid and crystallized intelligence, the experimental group showed a 15 IQ points higher increase than the control group. We concluded that prolonged intensive training in creative problem-solving can lead to substantial and positive effects on intelligence during late adolescence (ages 18–19).[3] | ” |
Divergent/convergent thinking and creativity
- Why Creative Problem Solving Requires Both Convergent and Divergent Thinking, National Inventors Hall of Fame website
- How Convergent and Divergent Thinking Foster Creativity
Divergent/convergent thinking, creativity and intelligent problem solving
- Convergent vs. divergent thinking: Finding the right balance for creative problem solving
- Convergent vs. Divergent Thinking: How to Use Both to Think Smarter
Improving intelligence/IQ via physical fitness
- Increase Your IQ, Lose 100 Pounds and Add Years to Your Life on Less Sleep with Dave Asprey, Increased his IQ by 20 points
- More Proof That Vigorous Workouts Boost Fluid Intelligence, University of Illinois, Urbana/Champaign, 2022 - Vigorous exercise increases fluid intelligence by almost 20%, but sedentariness appears to facilitate better cognitive abilities relating to crystallized knowledge
- Exercise can boost your memory and thinking skills, Harvard Health, 2024. Moderate-intensity exercise can help improve your thinking and memory in just six months.
- Brain: Why exercise boosts IQ, BBC, 2014
- Physical activity and intelligence: a causal exploration, J Phys Act Health. 2012 Feb;9(2):218-24. doi: 10.1123/jpah.9.2.218.
- Exercise and Intelligence: Changing the Brain by Michele LaBotz, MD. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2024
- Physical activity boosts IQ in kids and teens, PsyPost, 2024
- The Influence of Exercise on Cognitive Abilities, Compr Physiol. 2013 Jan;3(1):403–428. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c110063
Improving IQ scores via practicing on intelligence tests does not make you more intelligent in many cases
- There Are Ways to Improve Your IQ Score, But It Won't Mean What You Think, Science Alert, 2024
Problems that can occur with someone with a very high IQ in terms of social ability
Books
Curse of the High IQ:
Book reviews:
- Curse of the High IQ - Medium book review
- Curse of the High IQ - Book review by Aaron Clarey
Videos
- The Curse Of The Gifted (w/Dr. Blair Duddy) | The Challenges Of High IQ Children
- You're Not Mentally Ill, You're Just Intelligent
- The Sad Story of the Smartest Man Who Ever Lived (The world's smartest man's parents didn't buy toys for him as a child, but did more mentally stimulating and challenging things instead with him: The Sad Story of the Smartest Man Who Ever Lived. They attribute his very high IQ to largely being nurture and not nature.).
The argument that mnemonics and increased vocabulary can make you smarter
See also: Mnemonic
"Mnemonics are memory aids that help people recall information by creating associations. They are useful for memorizing lists, sequences, and complex information by transforming it into something more easily remembered, like acronyms, rhymes, or visual images. Mnemonics can be particularly helpful for students, healthcare professionals, and anyone needing to learn and remember large amounts of information." - What are mnemonics good for?
"Yes, mnemonics can be very helpful for learning vocabulary. They act as memory aids, creating associations between new words and information that is easier to recall, such as images, stories, or rhymes. This makes the learning process more engaging and can lead to better retention of new vocabulary. Here's why mnemonics are effective for vocabulary acquisition..." - Are mnemonics good for learning vocabulary?
Vocabulary and intelligence
"The more words a child knows, the more effectively they read and the more effectively they learn – whatever the subject. Vocabulary is so influential, in fact, that educational psychology pioneers identified it as the single greatest indicator of overall intelligence." - The link between vocabulary and intelligence, MsWordSmith.com
- Vocabulary and general intelligence, Researchgate
- The Undeniable Link Between Vocabulary & IQ, Vocabulary Zone website
Importance of IQ
Mensa IQ tests
UK:
- Mensa IQ test -UK (free to £35)
Thou shall think clearly and creatively. Thou shall not commit logical fallacies.
See also: Increasing cognitive performance
Rational thinking refers to one's ability to process information/data and engage in decision making and problem solving based on logic, facts, and evidence rather than on illogical thinking, irrational thinking, delusional thinking, cognitive biases and personal biases.
Jesus said to him, "You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind."
A mind is a terrible thing to waste!
Favorite book on critical thinking
- The Thinker's Way by John Chaffee, Ph.D., Little, Brown and Company; First Edition (October 1, 1998)
Favorite website dealing with thinking, critical thinking and logical fallacies
Videos on critical thinking:
- Critical thinking - Video playlist
- Critical Thinking and the Basic Elements of Thought
- Introduction to critical thinking course, Video playlist
Logical fallacies and cognitive biases
Logical articles and videos
Video:
Creativity
- Creativity and innovation websites
- Creative thinking tools
- Creativity articles/resources
- Books on creativity
Cognitive distortions/biases
- The Santa Problem by Seth Godin
Ex-CIA spy on cognitive biases, propaganda in media and CIA spy manipulation
CIA training
Detecting propaganda
Bloom's taxology: 6 levels of thinking
Thinking more rationally
See also: Rational thinking
- Rationality, Britannica
- How to Train Yourself to Be a More Rational Thinker, The Cut
- Rational Thinking: The Key to Making Better Decisions and Solving Problems
- How to begin living more rationally
Difference between smart and brilliant/wise people
https://www.conservapedia.com/User:Conservative/Learning_%26_Thinking
- Difference between smart and brilliant/wise people (Mixed bag of truth/error about VHIQ people and UHIQ people)
- 14 Signs of High Intelligence
The difference between low to high IQ thinking vs. very high IQ thinking
See also: Rational thinking and logical reasoning and evidence-based thinking and analytical thinking and critical thinking and probabilistic thinking and structural thinking and systems thinking and Dunning-Kruger effect
- Super intelligent people, Informative material and humorous material as well
Notice how the low IQ to high IQ individuals often gravitate towards binary either/or thinking and taking sides rather than towards probabilistic thinking and balancing between contradictory possibilities.
While scientific thinking did cause the scientific revolution and all its benefits when it comes to advanced technology, medicine and a proliferation of scientific knowledge, science does have its limitations (See: Limitations of science).
Splitting is a psychological defense mechanism that causes individuals to engage in the extreme binary thinking of black-and-white thinking, all-or-nothing thinking and thinking in extremes.[5] Splitting is a distorted way of thinking in which the positive or negative attributes of a person, thing or event are neither weighed nor are they cohesive.[6]
Critical Thinking skills
- Critical thinking
- Critical thinking skills
- Responsible thinking - outline
- Critical Thinking
- Inductive vs. deductive reasoning
- Socratic method
- Strategic Decision making
Avoiding errant thinking:
Books:
- Superthinking: The Big Book of Mental Models by Gabriel Weinberg (founder of DuckDuckGo search engine)
Cognitive bias mitigation:
- 12 of the most common cognitive biases
- Cognitive biases are bad for business and ways to mitigate them
- Ways to avoid cognitive biases in decision making
- Avoiding cognitive biases in decision making
- Avoiding groupthink
- The Big Idea: Before You Make That Big Decision...
- Cognitive bias mitigation - general and examples
Recognizing the tactics of those engaged in disinformation:
Aristotle's four causes
Critical thinking grid
The grid method of approaching a problem
The Good, The Bad and the Better Question?
Mental models
ModelThinkers:
- Modelthinkers - YouTube, ModelThinkers is committed to empowering you to be smarter, faster. Our dynamic platform delivers the world's most powerful ideas in the form of summarised and actionable mental models. Find out more at ModelThinkers.com today.
- Modelthinkers website
Learning and development
See also: Lifelong learning
"Organizations that are proactive about expanding employees’ knowledge and skills build a capable workforce equipped to overcome challenges and achieve success. That is why employee learning and development is such a vital function of every company."[6]
Articles:
- Learning and Development: A Comprehensive Guide
- What is Learning and Development?
- 7 Steps to Becoming a Learning & Development Professional
Video:
Intelligence and memory
IQ and personality/ideology/etc.
IQ and general success in life
“After surveying over a thousand rich folk in The Millionaire Mind, Thomas J. Stanley tells us that the typical millionaire had an average GPA and frugal spending habits — but good interpersonal skills.” - Entertainment Weekly
Higher IQ and its effect on your life:
- Success: Grit/cognitive control vs. IQ, Daniel Goleman citing Gladwell and other data, 2014
- How IQ Affects Your Life , Business Insider, 2011
- Yes, IQ matters, Slate, 2014
Other:
"The LAIT, Mega, and Titan tests are designed specifically to discriminate at the high end of the I.Q. scale. Calibration of chronometric tests at very high levels is needed. Hedley [St. John-Wilson], as someone with a strong interest in both chronometric testing and the high end, what can you tell us about this? [3]"[7]
High IQ societies
"The most elite ultra High IQ Society is the Mega Society with 26 members with percentiles of 99.9999 or 1 in a million."[8]
Software/apps boosting cognitive fitness
Thinkfast:
Brain health and mental performance
See also: Academic performance and nutrition
IQ and reaction times and longevity and mood:
Apps:
IQ and fitness:
- Simplest way to boost your mental performance
- Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores
- Does Aerobic exercise increase IQ - LiveStrong.com
- More exercise = More IQ?
IQ and Omega 3 blood levels:
Combined effects of Omega 3 and exercise:
Salmon and sardines trump fish oil:
Mercury levels and fish:
Vegetable sources of DHA:
Brain nutrition:
Brain exercises
Brain workouts - better than coffee!:
BrainHQ (most heavily researched to show benefits)
Cognifit:
Cogmed:
Neuroplus:
Mindset:
3 Brain Control Device to Focus Invention Ideas you MUST have
12 cognitive tasks from Cambridge Brain Sciences:
12 cognitive tasks from Cambridge Brain Sciences
Others:
Brain health - brain exercises - free online tests
Stroop test online:
Brain health and supernatural healing
Brain and mental performance
Mensa membership
Cognitive software, sleep, divergent thinking/creativity, etc.
Aristotle's rhetoric
Chess and increasing intelligence
See also: Chess and increasing mental performance
Chess presents interesting intellectual challenges. It is said that: "Chess has an advantage over most school subjects: it combines both theory and practice. Ideas are honed and tested in the crucible of competitive play. Poor formulation or poor execution of ideas loses games. Careless, faulty thinking is ruthlessly refuted on the chessboard."[9]
According to Healthline.com: "Playing chess can improve cognitive skills like memory, planning, and problem-solving. It may also help reduce symptoms of certain brain conditions.[7]
Some countries, particularly nations like Uzbekistan from the former Soviet Union, promote chess as a fundamental aspect of learning and mental development.
Bobby Fischer
Bobby Fischer and Bible reading: Earlier in life he mentioned that "I can remember times coming home from a chess club at four in the morning when I was half asleep and half dead and forcing myself to pray an hour and study (the Bible) an hour. You know, I was half out of my head-stoned almost."[10]
Wesley So
See also: Wesley So
Chess openings principles
Journal articles on chess and increasing mental performance
- A Study on the Correlation between Intelligence and Body Schema in Children Who Practice Chess at School, Children (Basel). 2022 Apr; 9(4): 477. Published online 2022 Mar 30. doi: 10.3390/children9040477
External links
- Does Chess Make You Smarter?, Wall Street Journal, 2016
- Does Chess Make You Smarter?
- Does chess make you smarter?, Studies that show that playing chess can improve your intelligence and memory.
- How Chess Can Actually Make You Smarter, Chess.com
- Can chess improve your intelligence?
- CHESS Make your IQ higher!, Chess forum
- 6 reasons to learn to play chess: How playing chess can boost your brain power
- Chess Is the Gymnasium of the Mind
- Benefits of Chess
See also: Achievement orientation
- Charles A. Garfield and Peak Performance (1985) by Charles A. Garfield (Related to insights gathered from the Apollo 11 mission)
See also: Charles A. Garfield - YouTube and Charles Garfield books
Miscellaneous other user pages at Conservapedia
Why some people are cognitively inflexible. Why some people find it hard to admit error
Pride and cognitive inflexibility
See also: Cognitive flexibility and Openness and Intellectual curiosity and Intellectual humility and Hubris and Pride
"Pride, especially when associated with self-conscious emotions like shame, can negatively impact cognitive flexibility. Studies suggest that pride can inhibit the ability to switch tasks and make decisions, leading to longer reaction times and lower accuracy rates, especially in complex or switching tasks. This suggests that pride may interfere with the brain's ability to adapt and adjust to changing circumstances."[11]
"Prideful people don't want to admit that they are wrong because that is going to highlight their limitations, and they are already not comfortable with what they already know. When this happens, try to be open-minded about it." - Pride Can Take You Down, Brainz Magazine
- The consistency of the influence of pride and shame on cognitive flexibility: Evidence from ERP, Neuroscience. 2022 Apr 1:487:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.12.021. Epub 2022 Jan 11.
Narcissism and cognitive inflexibility
See also: Narcissistic personality disorder and Intelligence and various personality disorders
Narcissism and insecurity:
- Narcissism Driven by Insecurity, Not Grandiose Sense of Self, New Psychology Research Shows, 2021
- Narcissism through the lens of performative self-elevation, Personality and Individual Differences. Volume 177, July 2021, 110780
Narcissism and cognitive inflexibility:
"Narcissism and cognitive inflexibility are linked, as narcissists may struggle with flexible thinking, particularly when their self-esteem is threatened. This can manifest as difficulties in processing social ambiguity, rigid thinking patterns, and challenges in adapting to new situations."[12]
"Narcissism and cognitive inflexibility often intertwine, leading to a fear of being wrong. Narcissists, driven by a need for self-enhancement and a lack of empathy, are highly sensitive to criticism and have difficulty acknowledging their mistakes. This, combined with a tendency to prioritize self-serving narratives and avoid evidence that contradicts their beliefs, can result in a rigid and inflexible cognitive style."[13]
"In refusing to acknowledge that they have made a mistake, narcissists fail to learn from those mistakes, a recent study from Oregon State University – Cascades found. The mental process of analyzing past actions to see what one should have done differently is called “should counterfactual thinking.” Counterfactual thinking is the mental process of imagining a different outcome or scenario from what actually occurred." - Narcissists don’t learn from their mistakes because they don’t think they make any, study shows, 2022
See also:
- Fear and decision-making in narcissistic personality disorder—a link between psychoanalysis and neuroscience, Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2013 Jun;15(2):191–201. doi: 10.31887/DCNS.2013.15.2/eronningstam
- New Insights Into Narcissistic Personality Disorder, Publication. Article: February 29, 2016. Psychiatric Times. Vol 33. No 2. Volume 33 Issue 2
Deliberate ignorance
See also: Openness and Self-awareness and Intellectual curiosity and Intellectual humility and Decision making and Cognitive bias and Critical thinking and Hubris and Pride and Rationalization
- ‘I’d rather not know’: Why we choose ignorance, APA
- Willful Ignorance and Self-Deception by Mark Alicke Ph.D.
- Making Sense of Willful Ignorance
- Knowing Better: Motivated Ignorance and Willful Ignorance, Cambridge University Press
- Willful Ignorance and Self-Deception
- 40% of people willfully choose to be ignorant. Here’s why, Big Think
- Deliberate Ignorance: Choosing Not to Know, MIT Press
Videos:
- Willful ignorance - video playlist, Video playlist
"Deliberate ignorance, the conscious decision to remain unaware of information, can be driven by various factors, including emotional regulation, social concerns, and strategic advantages. People may choose to ignore information to avoid negative emotions, minimize uncertainty, or maintain a positive self-image. In some cases, deliberate ignorance can be used strategically, like in business to avoid facing unfavorable consequences or to maintain a veneer of innocence."[14]
The case for being less partisan/political and being more objective
Miscellaneous
- Humility
- Rational thinking
- Evidence-based thinking
- Irrational thinking
- Falsifiable
- Confirmation bias
- Dunning-Kruger effect
- Logical fallacies
- Doubt
Midwits and Dunning-Kruger effect
Midwits:
- "A midwit is typically described as someone with an IQ score between 85 and 115; more colloquially, it describes a person with slightly above-average ability in any domain—someone who is able to pass basic qualifications and overcome standard hurdles but who is in no way exceptional." - The Rule of Midwits.
- What Are the Key Arguments/Traits That Prove You're Dealing With A Midwit? - video playlist (Three symptoms: Complaining about sources or lack of a source rather than actual arguments (It's easy to look for sources/info or confirm information via search engines), ad hominems and refusing to accept statistically valid arguments with sound/reasonable inferences). See also: Ad hominem and Genetic fallacy and Invincible ignorance fallacy
- Midwits in power - videos
- "A recent study conducted in Australia found that highly intelligent grandiose narcissists (whose intelligence quotient is above 115 or 120) are less likely to display narcissistic rivalry.Highly intelligent grandiose narcissists are less prone to narcissistic rivalry)
- Midwit, Vox
- Midwits - Google site
Below 100 IQ signs and/or signs of irrational/illogical/delusional/unreasonable/foolish people
If a person is wearing a dunce cap that doesn't necessarily mean that he is a low IQ person. During the Cultural Revolution the Chinese communists made some of their opponents wear dunce caps.[10]
- 48 signs you are dealing with low intelligence person
- 29 big signs of low intelligence, Ideapod.com
- What are signs of low intelligence in adults?
- 25 Telltale Signs of Low Intelligence
- Mind Matters: 25 Telltale Signs of Low Intelligence That May Surprise You
- 18 Clear Signs You Might Have a Low IQ
- 16 Signs of low intelligence
- 16 SIGNS OF ‘LOW-INTELLIGENCE’ DO THESE REMIND YOU OF ANYONE?
- 12 Significant Signs Of Low Intelligence
- 11 Signs of a Low IQ in Adults & How to Recognize Them
- The Core Signs of Low IQ, IQ International website
- 12 Signs of a Highly Unintelligent Person According to Science
- 7 unusual signs of low intelligence, as per psychology, Times of India
- 8 habits than indicate a low level of intelligence, according to psychology
- Scientific Signs of Low Intelligence: What to Know
- How To Know a Person with Low Intelligence: 10 Revealing Signs, BScholarly.com
- Signs Of Low Intelligence
- 8 Subtle Traits Of People Who Have A Low IQ
- What’s a Sign of Low Intelligence? People Shared Their Thoughts.
- People Are Sharing Subtle Signs That Someone Really Isn't Intelligent
Videos on signs of low intelligence:
- Videos on signs of low intelligence - video playlist, Video playlist
Signs of IQ below 100 and/or illogical/delusional/unreasonable/foolish people: Categorized and listed
Attitude:
Lack of intellectual curiosity; Overconfidence (Superiority complex and Intellectual humility and Hubris and Pride and Dunning-Kruger effect which is they don't know what they don't know); Lack of openness and closed-mindedness (ignoring other perspectives); intolerant (See: Tolerance); self-centered and think everything is about them (See: Narcissism and Egocentric Thinking); Struggle with creativity, imagination, ideation, innovation and novelty; Often narrow limited interests; Resist change (See: Change management; Poor listening skills; Lack of adaptability); Lack of self-awareness; Neglecting personal development/self-improvement; Laxity in learning (See also: Accelerated learning and Lifelong learning); Lazy (See: Work ethic); Not self-motivated; Too cautious (See: Courage, Risk and Risk management) and does not read books.
Cognitive:
Poor problem solving (See also: Creative problem solving); Struggle with abstract thinking/abstract concepts; Difficulty with complex tasks that require multiple steps and critical thinking; all-or-nothing thinking; Using purely emotionally based arguments rather than logical arguments; They rarely have any substantial evidence to defend the ideas they claim to believe; Lack of critical thinking and often superstitious; Prone to logical fallacies; prone to cognitive biases; Prone to cognitive distortions (Cognitive distortions are considered exaggerated or irrational thought patterns that can significantly impact mental health), often appearing as negative thinking styles (See: Checklist of cognitive distortions and Cognitive Distortions: 22 Examples & Worksheets and PDF); They often idolize powerful people; Gullible (They can be easily molded and influenced by propaganda/crooks/autocrats/dictators); Bad decision making or indecisive; Can't see the forest through the trees (can't see the big picture); Difficulty seeing cause and effect; Wrestle with mathematical ideas; Poor memory skills (See: Mnemonic); Difficulty multitasking; Difficulty summarizing key points; Doesn't deal well with conflicting information and ambiguity; Poor attention span (See: Concentration); Overreliance on others for options, They will keep defending their perspective - even though what they are saying or standing-up for - does not make sense; They are poor learners; Poor verbal fluity. Although repeatedly claiming far out, nutty notions that have no basis in fact (Far-fetched conspiracy theories, holding crazy propaganda despite being shown evidence to the contrary, etc.) is done by people who have average or high intelligence, this behavior does indicate a lack of common sense and a lack of critical thinking and/or a lack of intellectual curiosity/intellectual humility.
Life skills:
Short-term thinker (See: Proactivity); Bad planning skills; Poor time management skills; Poor organizational skills; Unrealistic thinkers who engage in delusionary thinking/irrational thinking; Lack of common sense; Difficult learning from past experiences (Connecting past with present) and incapable of seeing penalties/consequences; lack of self-awareness; lack of self-reflection (See: Journaling) and Overly dependent on instruction rather than self-learning (See: Benefits of Autodidacticism); They don't understand what they want; They take their decisions on intuition — which often leads to regrets and loss; They depend too much on favorable circumstances and don't prepare; They don't take responsibility for their own lives
Some people with low intelligence levels have deep insecurities which results into low self-esteem ("Research suggests that there is a potential correlation between low intelligence and low self-esteem, particularly due to the "Dunning-Kruger effect" where individuals with lower cognitive abilities often overestimate their own competence, leading to a disconnect between their actual abilities and perceived abilities, which can contribute to a lowered self-esteem when faced with challenges or comparisons to others; however, this is not always the case and individual experiences play a significant role."[15]).
Interpersonal skills:
Poor interpersonal skills/communication skills; constantly interrupts; constantly tells you how smart/superior they are; Being very opinionated, yet ill-informed; Lack of self-control; Impulsive; Overly emotional; Frequent outburst; Lack of empathy; Inability to take responsibility (blaming others and excusitis); Takes things too personally, they equate volume/aggressiveness with being correct (Shouting, all caps, big fonts); Always have to have the last word (See: Last wordism); Ignoring feedback; Constant need for validation; They judge and pass instant judgement; They gossip behind others' back - they enjoy gossiping; They have difficulty in accepting their mistakes and saying their sorry; Have poor quality of relationships in their life; They lack non-verbal communication skills; They talk too much; They talk because they just want to say something, anything - and they want to be the one that everyone pays attention to; They act rude - as if nothing concerns them; They get annoyed very fast; Don't get jokes/sarcasm
(Lower social intelligence is associated with lower IQ: The Relationship Between Social Intelligence And IQ: A Psychometric Analysis, 2023; A Pilot Study of Correlation between Intelligence Quotient, Social Quotient, and Ayurveda Parameters in Children, 2018; Social and academic intelligence: Conceptually distinct but overlapping constructs, Personality and Individual Differences. Volume 12, Issue 7, 1991, Pages 695-702.
Lower emotional intelligence isn't necessarily associated with a lower IQ: "Various researchers who examined the educational correlates of EQ and IQ have found little correlation between these measures (e.g. MacCann et al., 2020 ), while others have found that EQ acts as a mediator variable between IQ and educational outcomes (Mavroveli & Sanchez-Ruiz, 2011; Petrides et al., 2004)"[16])
Dealing with low IQ people
- 12 Ways To Deal With A Low IQ Person
- How to … Deal with Less Intelligent People
- Intelligent ways to deal with people with very low levels of intelligence
- How to Deal With Less Intelligent People
Videos:
- How to deal with low intelligence people - video playlist, Video playlist
Books:
- The Basic Laws of Human Stupidity by Carlo M. Cipolla. Doubleday (April 6, 2021)[17]
- How to Deal With Stupid People: A No-Nonsense Guide to Handling Idiots by Carlo M. Cipolla. ASIN: B0CQKG53FR. Publisher: Independently published (December 18, 2023)[18]
- Audio book: How to Deal With Stupid People: A No-Nonsense Guide to Handling Idiots by Carlo M. Cipolla, Free with Audible trial
Videos on the book The Basic Laws of Human Stupidity by Carlo M. Cipolla
Dealing with irrational and crazy people or people who are currently acting that way
See also: Irrational thinking
Articles:
- Eight Tips for Dealing with Irrational People
- How to Deal With Irrational People
- 7 tips for dealing with irrational people
- 10 Ways to Deal With Irrational People
- How To Deal With Irrational People by Susan Gilell-Stuy, PCC
- Seventeen Ways To Work With Irrational People And Stay Sane, Forbes
- 8 Steps For Dealing With The Impossible People In Your Life by Mark Goulston, MD
- Talking to Crazy: How to Deal with the Irrational and Impossible People in Your Life, Book summary
- How to Deal With Irrational and Impossible People
Videos:
- How to handle irrational people - Video playlist, Video playlist
Book:
- Talking to Crazy: How to Deal with the Irrational and Impossible People in Your Life by Mark Goulston. AMACOM. October 15, 2015
Irrationality and abnormal behavior relative to personality disorders
Toxic/negative people
References
- ↑
- ↑ The Human Body: God's Masterpiece
- ↑ We Can Boost IQ: Revisiting Kvashchev’s Experiment, Journal of Intelligence. 2020 Dec; 8(4): 41. Published online 2020 Nov 26. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence8040041
- ↑ The IQ Delta
- ↑ Splitting and Borderline Personality Disorder by Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, VeryWellMind.com
- ↑ Splitting and Borderline Personality Disorder by Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, VeryWellMind.com
- ↑ The 9 Best Benefits of Playing Chess, Healthline.com
- ↑ Wesley So Bible reading
- ↑ Narcissists don't learn from their mistakes because they don't think they make any, Eurasia Review, 2020
- ↑ Rare Chinese Cultural Revolution photos on display, BBC
