Coronavirus studies

See also: Flawed coronavirus studies, Hydroxychloroquine denial

Numerous coronavirus studies demonstrate the prophylactic and early use effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) against COVID-19, which are being ignored or downplayed for political reasons.

Here is a sampling of the growing list of valid studies confirming the effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine against COVID-19:

Compilation

A compilation of coronavirus studies demonstrates the effectiveness of early treatment by hydroxychloroquine.

HCQ and Zinc

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In univariate analyses, zinc sulfate increased the frequency of patients being discharged home, and decreased the need for ventilation, admission to the ICU, and mortality or transfer to hospice for patients who were never admitted to the ICU. After adjusting for the time at which zinc sulfate was added to our protocol, an increased frequency of being discharged home (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.12-2.09) reduction in mortality or transfer to hospice remained significant (OR 0.449, 95% CI 0.271-0.744). Conclusion: This study provides the first in vivo evidence that zinc sulfate in combination with hydroxychloroquine may play a role in therapeutic management for COVID-19.

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Saudi Arabia

An observational prospective cohort study examined in 238 ambulatory fever clinics in Saudi Arabia, based on the Ministry of Health (MOH) COVID-19 treatment guidelines.

The comparison was between 1,817 patients in the HCQ group vs 3,724 in the merely supportive care ("SC") group.

The results were as follows:

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Early HCQ-based therapy was associated with a lower hospital admission within 28-days compared to SC alone (9.4% compared to 16.6%, RRR 43%, p-value <0.001). The composite outcome of ICU admission and/or mortality at 28-days was also lower in the HCQ group compared to the SC (1.2% compared to 2.6%, RRR 54%, p-value 0.001). Adjusting for age, gender, and major comorbid conditions, a multivariate logistic regression model showed a decrease in the odds of hospitalisation in patients who received HCQ compared to SC alone (adjusted OR 0.57 [95% CI 0.47-0.69], p-value <0.001). The composite outcome of ICU admission and/or mortality was also lower for the HCQ group compared to the SC group controlling for potential confounders (adjusted OR 0.55 [95% CI 0.34-0.91], p-value 0.019). CONCLUSION: Early intervention with HCQ-based therapy in patients with mild to moderate symptoms at presentation is associated with lower adverse clinical outcomes among COVID-19 patients, including hospital admissions, ICU admission, and/or death.

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Greek study suggests why HCQ is effective

A small Greek study indicates that HCQ is effective because it inhibits a hyperinflammatory reaction progression, if given in early stages of the disease.

Minnesota data mining study

The incidence rate and mortality from COVID-19 was found to be lower in patients on chronic hydroxychloroquine therapy, in a large Minnesota healthcare system.

Between April 1, 2019 and March 31, 2020, the database contained 1,271,014 unique patient encounters, including a total of 2945 COVID-19 tests, of which 125 (4.24%) were positive.

Among the tests performed, 124 (4.35%) were positive for COVID-19 while not having taken hydroxychloroquine, while 96 tests were performed in patients with existing hydroxychloroquine prescriptions and only one (1.04%) was positive.

Two COVID-19 patients not on hydroxychloroquine died, while no COVID-19 patients not on hydroxychloroquine died.

Hydroxychloroquine appears to be effective against COVID-19 both as a prophylaxis and as early treatment.

French study

In a study of 3,737 COVID-19 patients, the researchers found that "Treatment with HCQ-AZ was associated with a decreased risk of transfer to ICU or death (Hazard ratio (HR) 0.18 0.11–0.27), decreased risk of hospitalization ≥10 days and shorter duration of viral shedding."